U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH NIH News
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) <https://www.nichd.nih.gov/>
For Immediate Release: Wednesday, March 23, 2022
CONTACT: Linda Huynh or Robert Bock, 301-496-5133, <e-mail:nichdpress@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
MEDIA ADVISORY
HYDROCORTISONE DOES NOT PREVENT LUNG COMPLICATION IN EXTREMELY PRETERM INFANTS
WHAT:
Hydrocortisone is no more effective than placebo at preventing damage that can result from oxygen and ventilator therapy necessary to keep preterm infants alive, according to research funded by the National Institutes of Health. The study of a potential treatment for the condition, known as bronchopulmonary dysplasia < https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/bronchopulmonary-dysplasia?, appears in the New England Journal of Medicine.
In recent years, hydrocortisone was considered as a replacement for the widely used drug dexamethasone in the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Both drugs inhibit the inflammation thought to contribute to BPD, but animal studies suggested that hydrocortisone would have fewer effects on the developing brain. Infants born preterm have higher rates of death and disability < https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/maternalinfanthealth/PretermBirth.htm>.
The study enrolled 800 infants born before the 30th week of pregnancy who had been on a ventilator for at least seven days. From 14 days to 28 days, in addition to receiving standard care and ventilator therapy, infants were randomly assigned to receive either hydrocortisone or a placebo. Of the hydrocortisone-treated infants, 16.6% survived to 36 weeks without moderate or severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia, which did not differ significantly from 13.2% in the placebo group. The rate of neurodevelopmental impairment did not differ significantly between the groups (36.9% vs. 37.3%). The hydrocortisone group was more likely to need drug treatment for hypertension than the placebo group (4.3% vs. 1.0%).
Kristi L. Watterberg, M.D., of the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center in Albuquerque, led the research team. The study was funded by NIH's Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences.
WHO:
Michele Walsh, M.D., a neonatologist in the NICHD Pregnancy and Perinatology Branch and the project scientist for the NICHD Neonatal Research Network, is available for comment.
ARTICLE:
Watterberg, K.L., Hydrocortisone to improve survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. New England Journal of Medicine. 2022. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2114897
About the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD): NICHD leads research and training to understand human development, improve reproductive health, enhance the lives of children and adolescents, and optimize abilities for all. For more information, visit <https://www.nichd.nih.gov>.
About the National Institutes of Health (NIH): NIH, the nation's medical research agency, includes 27 Institutes and Centers and is a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIH is the primary federal agency conducting and supporting basic, clinical, and translational medical research, and is investigating the causes, treatments, and cures for both common and rare diseases. For more information about NIH and its programs, visit <https://www.nih.gov>.
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