U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH NIH News
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
For Immediate Release: Wednesday, February 4, 2009
CONTACT: NIAID Office of Communications, 301- 402-1663
<e-mail: niaidnews@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
STATEMENT OF ANTHONY S. FAUCI, M.D.
DIRECTOR, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH ON NATIONAL BLACK HIV/AIDS AWARENESS
AND INFORMATION DAY FEBRUARY 7, 2009
The scourge of HIV/AIDS, which continues to affect the African-American community disproportionately, highlights the importance of a comprehensive strategy to address the U.S. epidemic. African-Americans make up 12 percent of the U.S. population but account for nearly half of all new HIV infections [1] and almost half of all Americans living with HIV. [2] Recent analyses by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reveal that in 2006, more new HIV infections occurred among young black men who have sex with men than in any other segment of the U.S. population. That same year, black women acquired new HIV infections at 15 times the rate of white women. [3] If African-Americans were a country, they would form the 35th most populous nation in the world but would rank 16th in the number of people living with the virus. [4]
One need look no further than our nation's capitol to see the dreadful impact of HIV/AIDS on black Americans. One in 20 residents of Washington, D.C., a majority black city, is living with HIV [5]-- approximately the same proportion of people as in the sub-Saharan region of Africa. [6] One in 50 D.C. residents has AIDS. [7] These shocking statistics would be tragic anywhere but are particularly inexcusable in a wealthy country such as the United States.
Today, on the ninth annual National Black HIV/AIDS Awareness and Information Day, let us unite to address this public health crisis in the black community. Let us promote tolerance and compassion for people infected with HIV and ensure HIV testing, counseling and treatment for all. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health, joins the African-American community in mourning those who have succumbed to HIV/AIDS and in committing ourselves to preventing further suffering and death from this terrible scourge.
To win the battle against HIV, it is crucial that African-Americans-and indeed, all Americans-get tested for the virus during routine medical care, as the CDC and the American College of Physicians recommend. Of the estimated 1.1 million Americans living with HIV, one-fifth do not know they are infected, [8] raising the chances of further spreading the virus and the likelihood of becoming very ill without treatment. Increasingly, scientific evidence indicates that beginning treatment for HIV as early as possible in the course of infection has advantages for infected individuals, their partners and their communities. Early treatment appears to improve the odds of staying healthier longer. [9] In addition, treatment can dramatically reduce the amount of HIV in blood and other bodily fluids, decreasing the chances of virus transmission. This is particularly important during the first weeks after infection, when the amount of virus circulating in untreated individuals is extremely high.
Treatment is no substitute for prevention, however. NIAID-funded investigators are working to develop and validate new methods to protect against HIV infection, including microbicides that could be applied vaginally or rectally before sex; antiretroviral drug regimens that could be used to prevent infection in people who are at high risk of becoming infected with HIV; and, of course, vaccines to prevent HIV infection.
NIAID also is conducting HIV/AIDS research specifically designed to benefit African-Americans. For example, NIAID is launching a clinical study in seven U.S. cities to explore multiple interventions for preventing HIV infection among black men who have sex with men. Studies such as these are designed to make the scientific findings relevant to the patient populations who need them. We strongly encourage African-Americans to join us in the fight against HIV/AIDS by participating in clinical research. To locate NIAID-sponsored HIV/AIDS clinical trials that are seeking volunteers, go to <ClinicalTrials.gov>.
As a nation, we must focus on the essential measures for curbing the HIV/AIDS epidemic among all communities, including African-Americans. These measures include access to basic health care services; routine HIV testing to ensure that HIV-infected individuals are identified early in their infection and begin treatment when it provides the most benefit; and patient-management strategies to ensure adherence to treatment regimens. Aggressive HIV testing and treatment combined with a well-rounded HIV prevention research program will serve all of us well as we attack the epidemic together.
Information about National Black HIV/AIDS Awareness and Information Day is available at <http://blackaidsday.org/>.
Each year, the NIH Office of AIDS Research (http://www.oar.nih.gov/) develops a Trans-NIH Plan for HIV-Related Research that identifies strategic research priorities for all areas of AIDS research. The annual Trans-NIH Plan, developed in collaboration with experts from the NIH institutes and centers, other government agencies, non-governmental organizations and AIDS community representatives, includes a chapter specifically devoted to research addressing AIDS in racial and ethnic populations. The 2010 fiscal year strategic plan can be accessed at <http://www.oar.nih.gov/strategicplan/fy2010/pdf/Chapter5.pdf>.
Visit <http://AIDS.gov> for comprehensive government-wide information on HIV/AIDS; visit <http://www.aidsinfo.nih.gov/> for information about prevention, treatment and clinical trials; and visit <http://www.hhs.gov/ocr/civilrights/resources/specialtopics/hiv/> for information on protecting the civil rights and health information privacy rights of people infected with HIV.
Dr. Fauci is director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland.
Media inquiries can be directed to the NIAID Office of Communications at 301-402-1663, <e-mail: niaidnews@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>.
NIAID conducts and supports research -- at NIH, throughout the United States, and worldwide -- to study the causes of infectious and immune-mediated diseases, and to develop better means of preventing, diagnosing and treating these illnesses. News releases, fact sheets and other NIAID-related materials are available on the NIAID Web site at <http://www.niaid.nih.gov>.
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) -- The Nation's Medical Research Agency -- includes 27 Institutes and Centers and is a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. It is the primary federal agency for conducting and supporting basic, clinical and translational medical research, and it investigates the causes, treatments, and cures for both common and rare diseases. For more information about NIH and its programs, visit <www.nih.gov>.
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REFERENCES:
1. Hall et al. 2008. Estimation of HIV incidence in the United States. JAMA 300(5):520-529.
2. CDC. 2008. HIV prevalence estimates -- United States, 2006. MMWR 57(39):1073-1076.
3. CDC. 2008. Subpopulation estimates from the HIV incidence surveillance system - United States, 2006. MMWR 57(36):985-989.
4. Black AIDS Institute. 2008. Left Behind: Black America: A Neglected Priority in the Global AIDS Epidemic.
5. Government of the District of Columbia Department of Health. 2007. District of Columbia HIV/AIDS Epidemiology Annual Report 2007.
6. UNAIDS. 2008. 2008 Report on the global AIDS epidemic.
7. Government of the District of Columbia Department of Health. 2007. District of Columbia HIV/AIDS Epidemiology Annual Report 2007.
8. CDC. 2008. HIV prevalence estimates -- United States, 2006.
9. See, for example,
-- NIAID Media Availability: Study suggests HIV-infected patients should start HAART sooner (http://www3.niaid.nih.gov/news/newsreleases/2008/hivHaartStudy.htm)
-- Landmark study defines benefits of early HIV testing and treatment for infected infants (http://www3.niaid.nih.gov/news/newsreleases/2008/cher08.htm)
--Robbins GK et al. 2009. Incomplete reconstitution of T cell subsets on combination antiretroviral therapy in the AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocol 384. Clinical Infectious Diseases 48(3):350-361.
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