It is possible that non-inline function will be translated to inline function by compiler. when using back trace, I have suffered the problems that the function calling sequence is impossible, because one of the function is missed. Then I objdumped the elf file and found that the missing function is inlined by compiler; However, you can use 2 method, I knowed, to avoid being inlined by compiler: 1. Putting __attribute__((optimized("O0"))) before the function definition. 2. Using the following gcc extension usage to avoid optimization. #pragma GCC push_options #pragma GCC optimized("O0") your code block... #pragma GCC pop_options Gavin Guo _______________________________________________ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies