Sorry that I accientally pushed the button before completing email. So the full message is like below. Hi, In Linux kernel, we have unity-mapping feature, which maps the virtual addresses in kernel area (above PAGE_OFFSET) to physical addresses in the format: y = x - PAGE_OFFSET in which "y" is physical address corresponding to the virtual address "x" I understand that this unity-mapping is correct with all the virtual addresses in the range of [PAGE_OFFSET, ZONE-NORMAL\ area. Is that assumption correct? Thanks a lot, H -- To unsubscribe from this list: send an email with "unsubscribe kernelnewbies" to ecartis@xxxxxxxxxxxx Please read the FAQ at http://kernelnewbies.org/FAQ