Hi! On 15:40 Tue 18 Nov , ruby wrote: > For each process's address space, in addition to its own code, data, > shared library code and data etc. are there any kernel code in it? that > doesn't make much sense. No, the "kernel" part of the address space is not accessable in user space. It is just the physical memory mapped into the address space as a big chunk. The purpose is that user-space/kernel space switches (e.g. due to system calls do not require a rather expensive (TLB flush) address space switch. -Michi -- programing a layer 3+4 network protocol for mesh networks see http://michaelblizek.twilightparadox.com -- To unsubscribe from this list: send an email with "unsubscribe kernelnewbies" to ecartis@xxxxxxxxxxxx Please read the FAQ at http://kernelnewbies.org/FAQ