Segmentation fault details?

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Hi, all!
  I'd like to know some details about segmentation fault.
  What I mean is when a program accesses invalid memory area, it will
get a SIGSEGV signal from kernel, and a message "Segmentation fault".
  I also find that dmesg can show we some details like this:
  ProgramName[Pid]: segfault at xxxx eip xxxx esp xxxx error x
  It is useful and provides the first-step information for further
debug/analysis.
  My question is how dmesg gets the information, and if there are any
programmable interfaces we can call to get this. (e.g. we
can write sig handler for a program to print this message and maybe do
some auto analysis)
  Thank you.
Leo

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