Hi... > Ya, agree. > /proc/syms will show only exported symbols. And the functions inside > binfmt_elf.o are not exported. > But when I insert same module(added some printks), still the symbols > are not exported, it should not > show me in /proc/ksyms. I haven't checked the related kernel source files, but I think there are two possibilities that cause the symbol from the module shows in /proc/ksyms: 1. Doesn't matter it's exported or not, symbols from modules are still seen in /proc/ksyms OR 2. Modules are unstripped by default, thus symbol table is still inside the object file maybe others have better ideas here... regards, Mulyadi -- Kernelnewbies: Help each other learn about the Linux kernel. Archive: http://mail.nl.linux.org/kernelnewbies/ FAQ: http://kernelnewbies.org/faq/