Every device port you access is driven by a driver or module underneath it. I guess, you asking whether the data will be directly written to the device or places in kernel buffers. It all depends on the specific driver impl. Let's say you are accessing serial port using the /dev/ttyS0. The impl driver will take care of it as impl in the driver. If you are accessing using the hardware PHY addr "0x2f8", it will directly write to the port HARDWARE it self. That's the difference. Mukund Jampala > -----Original Message----- > From: kernelnewbies-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:kernelnewbies- > bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxx] On Behalf Of Konstantinos Pachopoulos > Sent: Thursday, February 09, 2006 12:28 AM > To: kernelnewbies@xxxxxxxxxxxx > Subject: linux- about i/o > > Hi, > Are i/o data written immediately to memory and the > corresponding pages "pinned" there (locked)? or kernel > buffers are used for the i/o data first and then data > are copied to memory? > Thanks > > > > ___________________________________________________________ > To help you stay safe and secure online, we've developed the all new > Yahoo! Security Centre. http://uk.security.yahoo.com > > -- > Kernelnewbies: Help each other learn about the Linux kernel. > Archive: http://mail.nl.linux.org/kernelnewbies/ > FAQ: http://kernelnewbies.org/faq/ -- Kernelnewbies: Help each other learn about the Linux kernel. Archive: http://mail.nl.linux.org/kernelnewbies/ FAQ: http://kernelnewbies.org/faq/