-----Original Message----- From: Jonathan Khoo [mailto:khoohuit@xxxxxxxxx] >Is the ending point of kernel image the address of _end symbol that >can be found in System.map? Does the struct page map begins >immediately after the kernel image ? Atleast for UMA systems like x86, the mem_map which is an array of 'struct page' usually begins from ZONE_NORMAL (mostly 16 MB). >I noticed that zone_mem_map address is lower than the address given by _end. >Shouldn't it be above the _end symbol ? AFAIK it should be above _end. The mem_map is created dynamically as the kernel comes up and does the memory management initialization stuff. May be it is different in NUMA machines. -- Kernelnewbies: Help each other learn about the Linux kernel. Archive: http://mail.nl.linux.org/kernelnewbies/ FAQ: http://kernelnewbies.org/faq/