>Is there a way to find the PHYSICAL ADDRESSES of all >the devices used in a Computer ? does cat /proc/iomem serves the purpose ? >Also , does the VM in linux translate the memory >address of programs into actual Physical addresses >of RAM , or is it that Hardware does the actual >translation to Physical addresses ( since the RAM >addresses would differ across different Computers >depending on the amount of RAM & also the Motherboard >design ) . Most of the processors will require the OS to setup page directories/tables which it will refer to convert the virtual address to physical address. You are right that the RAM addresses differ across systems, In one of the boards i worked, the SDRAM physical start address was 0xc4000000, so the kernel page tables were set such that, virtual address 0xc000 0000 was mapped to physical address 0xc400 0000 and so on. -- Kernelnewbies: Help each other learn about the Linux kernel. Archive: http://mail.nl.linux.org/kernelnewbies/ FAQ: http://kernelnewbies.org/faq/