when you have x= ioremap(y,size) isnt x like any other normal virtual address accessed through page tables , so why cant we use the normal kernel functions pgd_offset,pmd_offset,pte_offset to convert x to a physical address in kernel mode ? P.S : I know pgd_offset takes a mm_struct as parameter..but that apart.. *********************************************************************** Power is not revealed by striking hard or often,but by striking true. -Honore de Balzac *********************************************************************** Dharshan Rangegowda Graduate Assistant Dept. of Computer Science Texas A&M University dharshar@cs.tamu.edu -- Kernelnewbies: Help each other learn about the Linux kernel. Archive: http://mail.nl.linux.org/kernelnewbies/ FAQ: http://kernelnewbies.org/faq/