On Tue, 2005-04-12 at 03:24, Taylor Grant wrote: > > In short, deciding if the ACK and RST flags to together or not is about like deciphering the English language. Luckily I speak native English and Hex. ;-) Try this: In one terminal window run: tcpdump -nn -v -i lo In another terminal window run: hping -A -c 1 -p 5 127.0.0.1 hping -S -c 1 -p 5 127.0.0.1 You'll see the first packet causes a RST only to be returned. The second will cause a RST/ACK to be returned. So either condition is a possibility and a Netfilter rule base needs to handle both of them appropriately. HTH, Chris