The patch titled
Subject: mm: introduce vma_start_read_locked{_nested} helpers
has been added to the -mm mm-unstable branch. Its filename is
mm-introduce-vma_start_read_locked_nested-helpers.patch
This patch will shortly appear at
https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/25-new.git/tree/patches/mm-introduce-vma_start_read_locked_nested-helpers.patch
This patch will later appear in the mm-unstable branch at
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
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------------------------------------------------------
From: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@xxxxxxxxxx>
Subject: mm: introduce vma_start_read_locked{_nested} helpers
Date: Thu, 26 Dec 2024 09:06:53 -0800
Patch series "move per-vma lock into vm_area_struct", v7.
Back when per-vma locks were introduces, vm_lock was moved out of
vm_area_struct in [1] because of the performance regression caused by
false cacheline sharing. Recent investigation [2] revealed that the
regressions is limited to a rather old Broadwell microarchitecture and
even there it can be mitigated by disabling adjacent cacheline
prefetching, see [3].
Splitting single logical structure into multiple ones leads to more
complicated management, extra pointer dereferences and overall less
maintainable code. When that split-away part is a lock, it complicates
things even further. With no performance benefits, there are no reasons
for this split. Merging the vm_lock back into vm_area_struct also allows
vm_area_struct to use SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU later in this patchset. This
patchset:
1. moves vm_lock back into vm_area_struct, aligning it at the
cacheline boundary and changing the cache to be cacheline-aligned to
minimize cacheline sharing;
2. changes vm_area_struct initialization to mark new vma as detached
until it is inserted into vma tree;
3. replaces vm_lock and vma->detached flag with a reference counter;
4. changes vm_area_struct cache to SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU to allow for
their reuse and to minimize call_rcu() calls.
Pagefault microbenchmarks show performance improvement:
Hmean faults/cpu-1 507926.5547 ( 0.00%) 506519.3692 * -0.28%*
Hmean faults/cpu-4 479119.7051 ( 0.00%) 481333.6802 * 0.46%*
Hmean faults/cpu-7 452880.2961 ( 0.00%) 455845.6211 * 0.65%*
Hmean faults/cpu-12 347639.1021 ( 0.00%) 352004.2254 * 1.26%*
Hmean faults/cpu-21 200061.2238 ( 0.00%) 229597.0317 * 14.76%*
Hmean faults/cpu-30 145251.2001 ( 0.00%) 164202.5067 * 13.05%*
Hmean faults/cpu-48 106848.4434 ( 0.00%) 120641.5504 * 12.91%*
Hmean faults/cpu-56 92472.3835 ( 0.00%) 103464.7916 * 11.89%*
Hmean faults/sec-1 507566.1468 ( 0.00%) 506139.0811 * -0.28%*
Hmean faults/sec-4 1880478.2402 ( 0.00%) 1886795.6329 * 0.34%*
Hmean faults/sec-7 3106394.3438 ( 0.00%) 3140550.7485 * 1.10%*
Hmean faults/sec-12 4061358.4795 ( 0.00%) 4112477.0206 * 1.26%*
Hmean faults/sec-21 3988619.1169 ( 0.00%) 4577747.1436 * 14.77%*
Hmean faults/sec-30 3909839.5449 ( 0.00%) 4311052.2787 * 10.26%*
Hmean faults/sec-48 4761108.4691 ( 0.00%) 5283790.5026 * 10.98%*
Hmean faults/sec-56 4885561.4590 ( 0.00%) 5415839.4045 * 10.85%*
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230227173632.3292573-34-surenb@xxxxxxxxxx/
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/all/ZsQyI%2F087V34JoIt@xsang-OptiPlex-9020/
[3] https://lore.kernel.org/all/CAJuCfpEisU8Lfe96AYJDZ+OM4NoPmnw9bP53cT_kbfP_pR+-2g@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx/
This patch (of 17):
Introduce helper functions which can be used to read-lock a VMA when
holding mmap_lock for read. Replace direct accesses to vma->vm_lock with
these new helpers.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20241226170710.1159679-1-surenb@xxxxxxxxxx
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20241226170710.1159679-2-surenb@xxxxxxxxxx
Signed-off-by: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@xxxxxxxxxx>
Reviewed-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@xxxxxxxxxx>
Reviewed-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@xxxxxxxxx>
Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@xxxxxxx>
Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hdanton@xxxxxxxx>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@xxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@xxxxxxx>
Cc: kernel test robot <oliver.sang@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Klara Modin <klarasmodin@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Lokesh Gidra <lokeshgidra@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Mateusz Guzik <mjguzik@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@xxxxxxxx>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Sourav Panda <souravpanda@xxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
include/linux/mm.h | 24 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
mm/userfaultfd.c | 22 +++++-----------------
2 files changed, 29 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)
--- a/include/linux/mm.h~mm-introduce-vma_start_read_locked_nested-helpers
+++ a/include/linux/mm.h
@@ -735,6 +735,30 @@ static inline bool vma_start_read(struct
return true;
}
+/*
+ * Use only while holding mmap read lock which guarantees that locking will not
+ * fail (nobody can concurrently write-lock the vma). vma_start_read() should
+ * not be used in such cases because it might fail due to mm_lock_seq overflow.
+ * This functionality is used to obtain vma read lock and drop the mmap read lock.
+ */
+static inline void vma_start_read_locked_nested(struct vm_area_struct *vma, int subclass)
+{
+ mmap_assert_locked(vma->vm_mm);
+ down_read_nested(&vma->vm_lock->lock, subclass);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Use only while holding mmap read lock which guarantees that locking will not
+ * fail (nobody can concurrently write-lock the vma). vma_start_read() should
+ * not be used in such cases because it might fail due to mm_lock_seq overflow.
+ * This functionality is used to obtain vma read lock and drop the mmap read lock.
+ */
+static inline void vma_start_read_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+{
+ mmap_assert_locked(vma->vm_mm);
+ down_read(&vma->vm_lock->lock);
+}
+
static inline void vma_end_read(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
rcu_read_lock(); /* keeps vma alive till the end of up_read */
--- a/mm/userfaultfd.c~mm-introduce-vma_start_read_locked_nested-helpers
+++ a/mm/userfaultfd.c
@@ -84,16 +84,8 @@ static struct vm_area_struct *uffd_lock_
mmap_read_lock(mm);
vma = find_vma_and_prepare_anon(mm, address);
- if (!IS_ERR(vma)) {
- /*
- * We cannot use vma_start_read() as it may fail due to
- * false locked (see comment in vma_start_read()). We
- * can avoid that by directly locking vm_lock under
- * mmap_lock, which guarantees that nobody can lock the
- * vma for write (vma_start_write()) under us.
- */
- down_read(&vma->vm_lock->lock);
- }
+ if (!IS_ERR(vma))
+ vma_start_read_locked(vma);
mmap_read_unlock(mm);
return vma;
@@ -1491,14 +1483,10 @@ static int uffd_move_lock(struct mm_stru
mmap_read_lock(mm);
err = find_vmas_mm_locked(mm, dst_start, src_start, dst_vmap, src_vmap);
if (!err) {
- /*
- * See comment in uffd_lock_vma() as to why not using
- * vma_start_read() here.
- */
- down_read(&(*dst_vmap)->vm_lock->lock);
+ vma_start_read_locked(*dst_vmap);
if (*dst_vmap != *src_vmap)
- down_read_nested(&(*src_vmap)->vm_lock->lock,
- SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
+ vma_start_read_locked_nested(*src_vmap,
+ SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
}
mmap_read_unlock(mm);
return err;
_
Patches currently in -mm which might be from surenb@xxxxxxxxxx are
seqlock-add-raw_seqcount_try_begin.patch
mm-convert-mm_lock_seq-to-a-proper-seqcount.patch
mm-introduce-mmap_lock_speculate_try_beginretry.patch
mm-introduce-vma_start_read_locked_nested-helpers.patch
mm-move-per-vma-lock-into-vm_area_struct.patch
mm-mark-vma-as-detached-until-its-added-into-vma-tree.patch
mm-modify-vma_iter_store_gfp-to-indicate-if-its-storing-a-new-vma.patch
mm-mark-vmas-detached-upon-exit.patch
mm-nommu-fix-the-last-places-where-vma-is-not-locked-before-being-attached.patch
types-move-struct-rcuwait-into-typesh.patch
mm-allow-vma_start_read_locked-vma_start_read_locked_nested-to-fail.patch
mm-move-mmap_init_lock-out-of-the-header-file.patch
mm-uninline-the-main-body-of-vma_start_write.patch
refcount-introduce-__refcount_addinc_not_zero_limited.patch
mm-replace-vm_lock-and-detached-flag-with-a-reference-count.patch
mm-debug-print-vm_refcnt-state-when-dumping-the-vma.patch
mm-debug-print-vm_refcnt-state-when-dumping-the-vma-fix.patch
mm-remove-extra-vma_numab_state_init-call.patch
mm-prepare-lock_vma_under_rcu-for-vma-reuse-possibility.patch
mm-make-vma-cache-slab_typesafe_by_rcu.patch
docs-mm-document-latest-changes-to-vm_lock.patch
