The patch titled
Subject: mm: swap: remove CLUSTER_FLAG_HUGE from swap_cluster_info:flags
has been added to the -mm mm-unstable branch. Its filename is
mm-swap-remove-cluster_flag_huge-from-swap_cluster_info-flags.patch
This patch will shortly appear at
https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/25-new.git/tree/patches/mm-swap-remove-cluster_flag_huge-from-swap_cluster_info-flags.patch
This patch will later appear in the mm-unstable branch at
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
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------------------------------------------------------
From: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@xxxxxxx>
Subject: mm: swap: remove CLUSTER_FLAG_HUGE from swap_cluster_info:flags
Date: Wed, 3 Apr 2024 12:40:27 +0100
This series adds support for swapping out multi-size THP (mTHP) without
needing to first split the large folio via
split_huge_page_to_list_to_order(). It closely follows the approach
already used to swap-out PMD-sized THP.
There are a couple of reasons for swapping out mTHP without splitting:
- Performance: It is expensive to split a large folio and under extreme memory
pressure some workloads regressed performance when using 64K mTHP vs 4K
small folios because of this extra cost in the swap-out path. This series
not only eliminates the regression but makes it faster to swap out 64K mTHP
vs 4K small folios.
- Memory fragmentation avoidance: If we can avoid splitting a large folio
memory is less likely to become fragmented, making it easier to re-allocate
a large folio in future.
- Performance: Enables a separate series [6] to swap-in whole mTHPs, which
means we won't lose the TLB-efficiency benefits of mTHP once the memory has
been through a swap cycle.
I've done what I thought was the smallest change possible, and as a
result, this approach is only employed when the swap is backed by a
non-rotating block device (just as PMD-sized THP is supported today).
Discussion against the RFC concluded that this is sufficient.
Performance Testing
===================
I've run some swap performance tests on Ampere Altra VM (arm64) with 8
CPUs. The VM is set up with a 35G block ram device as the swap device and
the test is run from inside a memcg limited to 40G memory. I've then run
`usemem` from vm-scalability with 70 processes, each allocating and
writing 1G of memory. I've repeated everything 6 times and taken the mean
performance improvement relative to 4K page baseline:
| alloc size | baseline | + this series |
| | mm-unstable (~v6.9-rc1) | |
|:-----------|------------------------:|------------------------:|
| 4K Page | 0.0% | 1.3% |
| 64K THP | -13.6% | 46.3% |
| 2M THP | 91.4% | 89.6% |
So with this change, the 64K swap performance goes from a 14% regression
to a 46% improvement. While 2M shows a small regression I'm confident
that this is just noise.
This patch (of 6):
As preparation for supporting small-sized THP in the swap-out path,
without first needing to split to order-0, Remove the CLUSTER_FLAG_HUGE,
which, when present, always implies PMD-sized THP, which is the same as
the cluster size.
The only use of the flag was to determine whether a swap entry refers to a
single page or a PMD-sized THP in swap_page_trans_huge_swapped(). Instead
of relying on the flag, we now pass in nr_pages, which originates from the
folio's number of pages. This allows the logic to work for folios of any
order.
The one snag is that one of the swap_page_trans_huge_swapped() call sites
does not have the folio. But it was only being called there to shortcut a
call __try_to_reclaim_swap() in some cases. __try_to_reclaim_swap() gets
the folio and (via some other functions) calls
swap_page_trans_huge_swapped(). So I've removed the problematic call site
and believe the new logic should be functionally equivalent.
That said, removing the fast path means that we will take a reference and
trylock a large folio much more often, which we would like to avoid. The
next patch will solve this.
Removing CLUSTER_FLAG_HUGE also means we can remove split_swap_cluster()
which used to be called during folio splitting, since
split_swap_cluster()'s only job was to remove the flag.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240403114032.1162100-1-ryan.roberts@xxxxxxx
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240403114032.1162100-2-ryan.roberts@xxxxxxx
Signed-off-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@xxxxxxx>
Reviewed-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Barry Song <21cnbao@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Chris Li <chrisl@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Gao Xiang <xiang@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Lance Yang <ioworker0@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@xxxxxxxx>
Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@xxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
include/linux/swap.h | 10 --------
mm/huge_memory.c | 3 --
mm/swapfile.c | 47 ++++++-----------------------------------
3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)
--- a/include/linux/swap.h~mm-swap-remove-cluster_flag_huge-from-swap_cluster_info-flags
+++ a/include/linux/swap.h
@@ -259,7 +259,6 @@ struct swap_cluster_info {
};
#define CLUSTER_FLAG_FREE 1 /* This cluster is free */
#define CLUSTER_FLAG_NEXT_NULL 2 /* This cluster has no next cluster */
-#define CLUSTER_FLAG_HUGE 4 /* This cluster is backing a transparent huge page */
/*
* We assign a cluster to each CPU, so each CPU can allocate swap entry from
@@ -587,15 +586,6 @@ static inline int add_swap_extent(struct
}
#endif /* CONFIG_SWAP */
-#ifdef CONFIG_THP_SWAP
-extern int split_swap_cluster(swp_entry_t entry);
-#else
-static inline int split_swap_cluster(swp_entry_t entry)
-{
- return 0;
-}
-#endif
-
#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
static inline int mem_cgroup_swappiness(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
{
--- a/mm/huge_memory.c~mm-swap-remove-cluster_flag_huge-from-swap_cluster_info-flags
+++ a/mm/huge_memory.c
@@ -2844,9 +2844,6 @@ static void __split_huge_page(struct pag
shmem_uncharge(folio->mapping->host, nr_dropped);
remap_page(folio, nr);
- if (folio_test_swapcache(folio))
- split_swap_cluster(folio->swap);
-
/*
* set page to its compound_head when split to non order-0 pages, so
* we can skip unlocking it below, since PG_locked is transferred to
--- a/mm/swapfile.c~mm-swap-remove-cluster_flag_huge-from-swap_cluster_info-flags
+++ a/mm/swapfile.c
@@ -343,18 +343,6 @@ static inline void cluster_set_null(stru
info->data = 0;
}
-static inline bool cluster_is_huge(struct swap_cluster_info *info)
-{
- if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_THP_SWAP))
- return info->flags & CLUSTER_FLAG_HUGE;
- return false;
-}
-
-static inline void cluster_clear_huge(struct swap_cluster_info *info)
-{
- info->flags &= ~CLUSTER_FLAG_HUGE;
-}
-
static inline struct swap_cluster_info *lock_cluster(struct swap_info_struct *si,
unsigned long offset)
{
@@ -1027,7 +1015,7 @@ static int swap_alloc_cluster(struct swa
offset = idx * SWAPFILE_CLUSTER;
ci = lock_cluster(si, offset);
alloc_cluster(si, idx);
- cluster_set_count_flag(ci, SWAPFILE_CLUSTER, CLUSTER_FLAG_HUGE);
+ cluster_set_count(ci, SWAPFILE_CLUSTER);
memset(si->swap_map + offset, SWAP_HAS_CACHE, SWAPFILE_CLUSTER);
unlock_cluster(ci);
@@ -1365,7 +1353,6 @@ void put_swap_folio(struct folio *folio,
ci = lock_cluster_or_swap_info(si, offset);
if (size == SWAPFILE_CLUSTER) {
- VM_BUG_ON(!cluster_is_huge(ci));
map = si->swap_map + offset;
for (i = 0; i < SWAPFILE_CLUSTER; i++) {
val = map[i];
@@ -1373,7 +1360,6 @@ void put_swap_folio(struct folio *folio,
if (val == SWAP_HAS_CACHE)
free_entries++;
}
- cluster_clear_huge(ci);
if (free_entries == SWAPFILE_CLUSTER) {
unlock_cluster_or_swap_info(si, ci);
spin_lock(&si->lock);
@@ -1395,23 +1381,6 @@ void put_swap_folio(struct folio *folio,
unlock_cluster_or_swap_info(si, ci);
}
-#ifdef CONFIG_THP_SWAP
-int split_swap_cluster(swp_entry_t entry)
-{
- struct swap_info_struct *si;
- struct swap_cluster_info *ci;
- unsigned long offset = swp_offset(entry);
-
- si = _swap_info_get(entry);
- if (!si)
- return -EBUSY;
- ci = lock_cluster(si, offset);
- cluster_clear_huge(ci);
- unlock_cluster(ci);
- return 0;
-}
-#endif
-
static int swp_entry_cmp(const void *ent1, const void *ent2)
{
const swp_entry_t *e1 = ent1, *e2 = ent2;
@@ -1519,22 +1488,23 @@ out:
}
static bool swap_page_trans_huge_swapped(struct swap_info_struct *si,
- swp_entry_t entry)
+ swp_entry_t entry,
+ unsigned int nr_pages)
{
struct swap_cluster_info *ci;
unsigned char *map = si->swap_map;
unsigned long roffset = swp_offset(entry);
- unsigned long offset = round_down(roffset, SWAPFILE_CLUSTER);
+ unsigned long offset = round_down(roffset, nr_pages);
int i;
bool ret = false;
ci = lock_cluster_or_swap_info(si, offset);
- if (!ci || !cluster_is_huge(ci)) {
+ if (!ci || nr_pages == 1) {
if (swap_count(map[roffset]))
ret = true;
goto unlock_out;
}
- for (i = 0; i < SWAPFILE_CLUSTER; i++) {
+ for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
if (swap_count(map[offset + i])) {
ret = true;
break;
@@ -1556,7 +1526,7 @@ static bool folio_swapped(struct folio *
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_THP_SWAP) || likely(!folio_test_large(folio)))
return swap_swapcount(si, entry) != 0;
- return swap_page_trans_huge_swapped(si, entry);
+ return swap_page_trans_huge_swapped(si, entry, folio_nr_pages(folio));
}
/**
@@ -1622,8 +1592,7 @@ int free_swap_and_cache(swp_entry_t entr
}
count = __swap_entry_free(p, entry);
- if (count == SWAP_HAS_CACHE &&
- !swap_page_trans_huge_swapped(p, entry))
+ if (count == SWAP_HAS_CACHE)
__try_to_reclaim_swap(p, swp_offset(entry),
TTRS_UNMAPPED | TTRS_FULL);
put_swap_device(p);
_
Patches currently in -mm which might be from ryan.roberts@xxxxxxx are
mm-swap-remove-cluster_flag_huge-from-swap_cluster_info-flags.patch
mm-swap-free_swap_and_cache_nr-as-batched-free_swap_and_cache.patch
mm-swap-simplify-struct-percpu_cluster.patch
mm-swap-allow-storage-of-all-mthp-orders.patch
mm-vmscan-avoid-split-during-shrink_folio_list.patch
mm-madvise-avoid-split-during-madv_pageout-and-madv_cold.patch
mm-madvise-avoid-split-during-madv_pageout-and-madv_cold-fix.patch
