I'm a little confused over the interaction between fast_iob() and non-zero PHYS_OFFSET. The __fast_iob() macro performs a load from CKSEG1. AFAICT, CKSEG1 is always (on 32-bit systems) defined to 0xa0000000. In case of a non-zero PHYS_OFFSET, this address might not map to anything in particular, and almost certainly not RAM. There is a special case for IP28, but this is not the only system with an unusual address map. What am I missing? -- Måns Rullgård mans@xxxxxxxxx