through the kernel panic info: CPU Regs : =========================================================== $0 : 00000000 80290000 00000100 fffdffff 00000007 00000006 8023427c 820e83d4 $8 : 00000000 00000000 00000000 820e83dc 820e83f4 820e8000 80278010 00000000 $16: 8028f7b8 0000d32b 0000132b 802a53a0 0000d34d 7fff7d48 00000004 00000014 $24: 8200000c 2abe4090 820e8000 820e9e70 00000000 0000000a we can know , the ra register is 0x0000000a after sub-function executed completely , it will return $ra. through code trace , I know the last function is "__call_console_drivers" . I dissable the vmlinux code, and grab section: 00000000800b9364 <__call_console_drivers>: 800b9364: 27bdffd8 addiu $sp,$sp,-40 800b9368: afb00010 sw $s0,16($sp) 800b936c: 3c108028 lui $s0,0x8028 800b9370: 8e107d1c lw $s0,32028($s0) 800b9374: afb10014 sw $s1,20($sp) 800b9378: 00808821 move $s1,$a0 800b937c: afb40020 sw $s4,32($sp) 800b9380: 00a0a021 move $s4,$a1 800b9384: afbf0024 sw $ra,36($sp) #save ra into SP 800b9388: afb3001c sw $s3,28($sp) 800b938c: 12000012 beqz $s0,800b93d8 <__call_console_drivers+74> 800b9390: afb20018 sw $s2,24($sp) 800b9394: 32323fff andi $s2,$s1,0x3fff 800b9398: 3c13802a lui $s3,0x802a 800b939c: 267353a0 addiu $s3,$s3,21408 800b93a0: 9602001c lhu $v0,28($s0) 800b93a4: 30420004 andi $v0,$v0,0x4 800b93a8: 50400009 beqzl $v0,800b93d0 <__call_console_drivers+6c> 800b93ac: 8e100024 lw $s0,36($s0) 800b93b0: 8e020008 lw $v0,8($s0) 800b93b4: 50400006 beqzl $v0,800b93d0 <__call_console_drivers+6c> 800b93b8: 8e100024 lw $s0,36($s0) 800b93bc: 02002021 move $a0,$s0 800b93c0: 02532821 addu $a1,$s2,$s3 800b93c4: 0040f809 jalr $v0 800b93c8: 02913023 subu $a2,$s4,$s1 800b93cc: 8e100024 lw $s0,36($s0) 800b93d0: 5600fff4 bnezl $s0,800b93a4 <__call_console_drivers+40> 800b93d4: 9602001c lhu $v0,28($s0) 800b93d8: 8fbf0024 lw $ra,36($sp) 800b93dc: 8fb40020 lw $s4,32($sp) 800b93e0: 8fb3001c lw $s3,28($sp) 800b93e4: 8fb20018 lw $s2,24($sp) 800b93e8: 8fb10014 lw $s1,20($sp) 800b93ec: 8fb00010 lw $s0,16($sp) 800b93f0: 03e00008 jr $ra # error should be here. 800b93f4: 27bd0028 addiu $sp,$sp,40 Any comment? thanks.