hi, again. thanks a lot for quick reply. re-compiled the kernels, using egcc-2.91, but no luck. is there still older version i should be using? & i guess you were referring to file arch/mips/mm/r4xx.c. the board support is detected & load_mmu_r4k() is called. so this looks okay. yes, LSI CPUs differ from the main stream, right in the cache opcodes. but this problem apart, as i have been using kernel in un-cached mode & anyway i have build almost all the commands by static linking. hence shared library issue i shall deal with later. ***right now my main concern is file system getting corrupted. the bdflush/update processes flushes the inode buffers & corrupts the fs. to be precise the "update" process wakes up & writes some buffers to the disk from the function sync_old_buffers() in fs/buffer.c. the pci-ide bus mastering controller is non standard & that the driver is also self written. however since reads from the disk are working as i can see all the commands getting loaded & executed, the writes also should be working properly, as they differ only in a command to the controller. so where could be the problem? please help me. many thanks & best regards, girish. ps. ralf, liked your comment abt my caps lock getting stuck;-) it just shows how desperate i'm in solving this problem. _________________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com