Shuanglin, This is what I did. Download the Linux kernel source from the MIPS ftp site and extract it on the development host: % tar -xzf linux-2.4.3.mips-src-01.00.tar.gz % cd linux-2.4.3 I patched this kernel to make the FPU emulator more reliable using patches from this list's archive. Setup the configuration file: % cp .config.malta .config % chmod +w .config For little endian mode, edit this file changing the line: # CONFIG_CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN is not set to: CONFIG_CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN=y Setup the make file: % chmod +w Makefile Edit this file changing the line: CROSS_COMPILE = to: CROSS_COMPILE = mipsel-linux- Build and install the kernel: % make oldconfig % make dep % make To use TFTP to boot the kernel: % mipsel-linux-objcopy -O srec vmlinux vmlinux.srec % cp vmlinux.srec /tftpboot/mipsel-2.4.3 Andrew Thornton