From: "Madhavan T. Venkataraman" <madvenka@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> Reliable stacktracing requires that we identify when a stacktrace is terminated early. We can do this by ensuring all tasks have a final frame record at a known location on their task stack, and checking that this is the final frame record in the chain. All tasks have a pt_regs structure right after the task stack in the stack page. The pt_regs structure contains a stackframe field. Make this stackframe field the final frame in the task stack so all stack traces end at a fixed stack offset. For kernel tasks, this is simple to understand. For user tasks, there is some extra detail. User tasks get created via fork() et al. Once they return from fork, they enter the kernel only on an EL0 exception. In arm64, system calls are also EL0 exceptions. The EL0 exception handler uses the task pt_regs mentioned above to save register state and call different exception functions. All stack traces from EL0 exception code must end at the pt_regs. So, make pt_regs->stackframe the final frame in the EL0 exception stack. To summarize, task_pt_regs(task)->stackframe will always be the final frame in a stack trace. Sample stack traces =================== The final frame for the idle tasks is different from v1. The rest of the stack traces are the same. Primary CPU's idle task (changed from v1) ======================= [ 0.022365] arch_stack_walk+0x0/0xd0 [ 0.022376] callfd_stack+0x30/0x60 [ 0.022387] rest_init+0xd8/0xf8 [ 0.022397] arch_call_rest_init+0x18/0x24 [ 0.022411] start_kernel+0x5b8/0x5f4 [ 0.022424] __primary_switched+0xa8/0xac Secondary CPU's idle task (changed from v1) ========================= [ 0.022484] arch_stack_walk+0x0/0xd0 [ 0.022494] callfd_stack+0x30/0x60 [ 0.022502] secondary_start_kernel+0x188/0x1e0 [ 0.022513] __secondary_switched+0x80/0x84 --- Changelog: v1 - Set up task_pt_regs(current)->stackframe as the final frame when a new task is initialized in copy_thread(). - Create pt_regs for the idle tasks and set up pt_regs->stackframe as the final frame for the idle tasks. - Set up task_pt_regs(current)->stackframe as the final frame in the EL0 exception handler so the EL0 exception stack trace ends there. - Terminate the stack trace successfully in unwind_frame() when the FP reaches task_pt_regs(current)->stackframe. - The stack traces (above) in the kernel will terminate at the correct place. Debuggers may show an extra record 0x0 at the end for pt_regs->stackframe. That said, I did not see that extra frame when I did stack traces using gdb. v2 - Changed some wordings as suggested by Mark Rutland. - Removed the synthetic return PC for idle tasks. Changed the branches to start_kernel() and secondary_start_kernel() to calls so that they will have a proper return PC. Madhavan T. Venkataraman (1): arm64: Implement stack trace termination record arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S | 8 +++++--- arch/arm64/kernel/head.S | 29 +++++++++++++++++++++++------ arch/arm64/kernel/process.c | 5 +++++ arch/arm64/kernel/stacktrace.c | 10 +++++----- 4 files changed, 38 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-) base-commit: 0d02ec6b3136c73c09e7859f0d0e4e2c4c07b49b -- 2.25.1
