From: Mihai Donțu <mdontu@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
This event is sent when a #PF occurs due to a failed permission check
in the shadow page tables, for a page in which the introspection tool
has shown interest.
Signed-off-by: Mihai Donțu <mdontu@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Co-developed-by: Adalbert Lazăr <alazar@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Adalbert Lazăr <alazar@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
Documentation/virt/kvm/kvmi.rst | 50 ++++
arch/x86/include/asm/kvmi_host.h | 1 +
arch/x86/kvm/kvmi.c | 28 +++
include/uapi/linux/kvmi.h | 10 +
.../testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/kvmi_test.c | 85 +++++++
virt/kvm/introspection/kvmi.c | 221 ++++++++++++++++++
virt/kvm/introspection/kvmi_int.h | 5 +
virt/kvm/introspection/kvmi_msg.c | 27 +++
8 files changed, 427 insertions(+)
diff --git a/Documentation/virt/kvm/kvmi.rst b/Documentation/virt/kvm/kvmi.rst
index 14790171a170..7994d6e8cacf 100644
--- a/Documentation/virt/kvm/kvmi.rst
+++ b/Documentation/virt/kvm/kvmi.rst
@@ -535,6 +535,7 @@ the following events::
KVMI_EVENT_DESCRIPTOR
KVMI_EVENT_HYPERCALL
KVMI_EVENT_MSR
+ KVMI_EVENT_PF
KVMI_EVENT_TRAP
KVMI_EVENT_XSETBV
@@ -1260,3 +1261,52 @@ register (see **KVMI_VCPU_CONTROL_EVENTS**).
``kvmi_event``, the MSR number, the old value and the new value are
sent to the introspection tool. The *CONTINUE* action will set the ``new_val``.
+
+10. KVMI_EVENT_PF
+-----------------
+
+:Architectures: x86
+:Versions: >= 1
+:Actions: CONTINUE, CRASH, RETRY
+:Parameters:
+
+::
+
+ struct kvmi_event;
+ struct kvmi_event_pf {
+ __u64 gva;
+ __u64 gpa;
+ __u8 access;
+ __u8 padding1;
+ __u16 padding2;
+ __u32 padding3;
+ };
+
+:Returns:
+
+::
+
+ struct kvmi_vcpu_hdr;
+ struct kvmi_event_reply;
+
+This event is sent when a hypervisor page fault occurs due to a failed
+permission check in the shadow page tables, the introspection has been
+enabled for this event (see *KVMI_VPUC_CONTROL_EVENTS*) and the event was
+generated for a page in which the introspection tool has shown interest
+(ie. has previously touched it by adjusting the spte permissions).
+
+The shadow page tables can be used by the introspection tool to guarantee
+the purpose of code areas inside the guest (code, rodata, stack, heap
+etc.) Each attempt at an operation unfitting for a certain memory
+range (eg. execute code in heap) triggers a page fault and gives the
+introspection tool the chance to audit the code attempting the operation.
+
+``kvmi_event``, guest virtual address (or 0xffffffff/UNMAPPED_GVA),
+guest physical address and the access flags (eg. KVMI_PAGE_ACCESS_R)
+are sent to the introspection tool.
+
+The *CONTINUE* action will continue the page fault handling via emulation.
+
+The *RETRY* action is used by the introspection tool to retry the
+execution of the current instruction, usually because it changed the
+instruction pointer or the page restrictions.
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvmi_host.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvmi_host.h
index 5f2614ac3b4c..2e4eff501c0a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvmi_host.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvmi_host.h
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_arch_introspection {
};
struct kvm_arch_introspection {
+ struct kvm_page_track_notifier_node kptn_node;
};
#define SLOTS_SIZE BITS_TO_LONGS(KVM_MEM_SLOTS_NUM)
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/kvmi.c b/arch/x86/kvm/kvmi.c
index ae6fef5a9b95..4e8b8e0a2961 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/kvmi.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/kvmi.c
@@ -1078,3 +1078,31 @@ int kvmi_arch_cmd_set_page_access(struct kvm_introspection *kvmi,
return ec;
}
+
+bool kvmi_arch_pf_event(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t gpa, gva_t gva,
+ u8 access)
+{
+ bool ret = false;
+ u32 action;
+
+ action = kvmi_msg_send_pf(vcpu, gpa, gva, access);
+
+ switch (action) {
+ case KVMI_EVENT_ACTION_CONTINUE:
+ ret = true;
+ break;
+ case KVMI_EVENT_ACTION_RETRY:
+ break;
+ default:
+ kvmi_handle_common_event_actions(vcpu->kvm, action, "PF");
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+bool kvmi_arch_pf_of_interest(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return kvm_x86_ops->spt_fault(vcpu) &&
+ !kvm_x86_ops->gpt_translation_fault(vcpu);
+}
+
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/kvmi.h b/include/uapi/linux/kvmi.h
index 4b8462b80553..c74ded097efa 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/kvmi.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/kvmi.h
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ enum {
KVMI_EVENT_XSETBV = 6,
KVMI_EVENT_DESCRIPTOR = 7,
KVMI_EVENT_MSR = 8,
+ KVMI_EVENT_PF = 9,
KVMI_NUM_EVENTS
};
@@ -181,4 +182,13 @@ struct kvmi_event_reply {
__u32 padding2;
};
+struct kvmi_event_pf {
+ __u64 gva;
+ __u64 gpa;
+ __u8 access;
+ __u8 padding1;
+ __u16 padding2;
+ __u32 padding3;
+};
+
#endif /* _UAPI__LINUX_KVMI_H */
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/kvmi_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/kvmi_test.c
index a0bd573ab264..e8d3ccac1caa 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/kvmi_test.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/kvmi_test.c
@@ -41,6 +41,11 @@ struct vcpu_reply {
struct kvmi_event_reply reply;
};
+struct pf_ev {
+ struct kvmi_event common;
+ struct kvmi_event_pf pf;
+};
+
struct vcpu_worker_data {
struct kvm_vm *vm;
int vcpu_id;
@@ -50,6 +55,10 @@ struct vcpu_worker_data {
bool restart_on_shutdown;
};
+typedef void (*fct_pf_event)(struct kvm_vm *vm, struct kvmi_msg_hdr *hdr,
+ struct pf_ev *ev,
+ struct vcpu_reply *rpl);
+
enum {
GUEST_TEST_NOOP = 0,
GUEST_TEST_BP,
@@ -57,6 +66,7 @@ enum {
GUEST_TEST_DESCRIPTOR,
GUEST_TEST_HYPERCALL,
GUEST_TEST_MSR,
+ GUEST_TEST_PF,
GUEST_TEST_XSETBV,
};
@@ -106,6 +116,11 @@ static void guest_msr_test(void)
wrmsr(MSR_MISC_FEATURES_ENABLES, msr);
}
+static void guest_pf_test(void)
+{
+ *((uint8_t *)test_gva) = READ_ONCE(test_write_pattern);
+}
+
/* from fpu/internal.h */
static u64 xgetbv(u32 index)
{
@@ -166,6 +181,9 @@ static void guest_code(void)
case GUEST_TEST_MSR:
guest_msr_test();
break;
+ case GUEST_TEST_PF:
+ guest_pf_test();
+ break;
case GUEST_TEST_XSETBV:
guest_xsetbv_test();
break;
@@ -1580,6 +1598,16 @@ static void set_page_access(struct kvm_vm *vm, __u64 gpa, __u8 access)
gpa, access, -r, kvm_strerror(-r));
}
+static void __set_page_access(struct kvm_vm *vm, __u64 gpa, __u8 access)
+{
+ int r;
+
+ r = __cmd_set_page_access(vm, 1, &gpa, &access);
+ TEST_ASSERT(r == 0,
+ "KVMI_VM_SET_PAGE_ACCESS failed, gpa 0x%llx, access 0x%x, error %d (%s)\n",
+ gpa, access, -r, kvm_strerror(-r));
+}
+
static void test_cmd_vm_set_page_access(struct kvm_vm *vm)
{
__u8 full_access = KVMI_PAGE_ACCESS_R | KVMI_PAGE_ACCESS_W
@@ -1592,6 +1620,62 @@ static void test_cmd_vm_set_page_access(struct kvm_vm *vm)
set_page_access(vm, gpa, full_access);
}
+static void test_pf(struct kvm_vm *vm, fct_pf_event cbk)
+{
+ __u16 event_id = KVMI_EVENT_PF;
+ struct vcpu_worker_data data = {
+ .vm = vm,
+ .vcpu_id = VCPU_ID,
+ .test_id = GUEST_TEST_PF,
+ };
+ struct kvmi_msg_hdr hdr;
+ struct vcpu_reply rpl = {};
+ pthread_t vcpu_thread;
+ struct pf_ev ev;
+
+ set_page_access(vm, test_gpa, KVMI_PAGE_ACCESS_R);
+
+ enable_vcpu_event(vm, event_id);
+
+ new_test_write_pattern(vm);
+
+ vcpu_thread = start_vcpu_worker(&data);
+
+ receive_event(&hdr, &ev.common, sizeof(ev), event_id);
+
+ DEBUG("PF event, gpa 0x%llx, gva 0x%llx, access 0x%x\n",
+ ev.pf.gpa, ev.pf.gva, ev.pf.access);
+
+ TEST_ASSERT(ev.pf.gpa == test_gpa && ev.pf.gva == test_gva,
+ "Unexpected #PF event, gpa 0x%llx (expended 0x%llx), gva 0x%llx (expected 0x%llx)\n",
+ ev.pf.gpa, test_gpa, ev.pf.gva, test_gva);
+
+ cbk(vm, &hdr, &ev, &rpl);
+
+ stop_vcpu_worker(vcpu_thread, &data);
+
+ TEST_ASSERT(*((uint8_t *)test_hva) == test_write_pattern,
+ "Write failed, expected 0x%x, result 0x%x\n",
+ test_write_pattern, *((uint8_t *)test_hva));
+
+ disable_vcpu_event(vm, event_id);
+}
+
+static void cbk_test_event_pf(struct kvm_vm *vm, struct kvmi_msg_hdr *hdr,
+ struct pf_ev *ev, struct vcpu_reply *rpl)
+{
+ __set_page_access(vm, test_gpa, KVMI_PAGE_ACCESS_R
+ | KVMI_PAGE_ACCESS_W);
+
+ reply_to_event(hdr, &ev->common, KVMI_EVENT_ACTION_RETRY,
+ rpl, sizeof(*rpl));
+}
+
+static void test_event_pf(struct kvm_vm *vm)
+{
+ test_pf(vm, cbk_test_event_pf);
+}
+
static void test_introspection(struct kvm_vm *vm)
{
setup_socket();
@@ -1622,6 +1706,7 @@ static void test_introspection(struct kvm_vm *vm)
test_event_descriptor(vm);
test_cmd_vcpu_control_msr(vm);
test_cmd_vm_set_page_access(vm);
+ test_event_pf(vm);
unhook_introspection(vm);
}
diff --git a/virt/kvm/introspection/kvmi.c b/virt/kvm/introspection/kvmi.c
index 6e88735978ae..10d59061fa82 100644
--- a/virt/kvm/introspection/kvmi.c
+++ b/virt/kvm/introspection/kvmi.c
@@ -13,6 +13,21 @@ enum {
MAX_PAUSE_REQUESTS = 1001
};
+static bool kvmi_track_preread(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t gpa, gva_t gva,
+ int bytes,
+ struct kvm_page_track_notifier_node *node);
+static bool kvmi_track_prewrite(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t gpa, gva_t gva,
+ const u8 *new, int bytes,
+ struct kvm_page_track_notifier_node *node);
+static bool kvmi_track_preexec(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t gpa, gva_t gva,
+ struct kvm_page_track_notifier_node *node);
+static void kvmi_track_create_slot(struct kvm *kvm,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *slot,
+ unsigned long npages,
+ struct kvm_page_track_notifier_node *node);
+static void kvmi_track_flush_slot(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_memory_slot *slot,
+ struct kvm_page_track_notifier_node *node);
+
static struct kmem_cache *msg_cache;
static struct kmem_cache *job_cache;
static struct kmem_cache *radix_cache;
@@ -248,6 +263,12 @@ alloc_kvmi(struct kvm *kvm, const struct kvm_introspection_hook *hook)
GFP_KERNEL & ~__GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM);
rwlock_init(&kvmi->access_tree_lock);
+ kvmi->arch.kptn_node.track_preread = kvmi_track_preread;
+ kvmi->arch.kptn_node.track_prewrite = kvmi_track_prewrite;
+ kvmi->arch.kptn_node.track_preexec = kvmi_track_preexec;
+ kvmi->arch.kptn_node.track_create_slot = kvmi_track_create_slot;
+ kvmi->arch.kptn_node.track_flush_slot = kvmi_track_flush_slot;
+
kvm_for_each_vcpu(i, vcpu, kvm) {
int err = create_vcpui(vcpu);
@@ -279,6 +300,8 @@ static void __kvmi_unhook(struct kvm *kvm)
struct kvm_introspection *kvmi = KVMI(kvm);
wait_for_completion_killable(&kvm->kvmi_complete);
+
+ kvm_page_track_unregister_notifier(kvm, &kvmi->arch.kptn_node);
kvmi_sock_put(kvmi);
}
@@ -327,6 +350,8 @@ static int __kvmi_hook(struct kvm *kvm,
if (!kvmi_sock_get(kvmi, hook->fd))
return -EINVAL;
+ kvm_page_track_register_notifier(kvm, &kvmi->arch.kptn_node);
+
return 0;
}
@@ -1075,3 +1100,199 @@ int kvmi_cmd_set_page_access(struct kvm_introspection *kvmi, u64 gpa, u8 access)
return kvmi_set_gfn_access(kvmi->kvm, gfn, access);
}
+
+static int kvmi_get_gfn_access(struct kvm_introspection *kvmi, const gfn_t gfn,
+ u8 *access)
+{
+ struct kvmi_mem_access *m;
+
+ read_lock(&kvmi->access_tree_lock);
+ m = __kvmi_get_gfn_access(kvmi, gfn);
+ if (m)
+ *access = m->access;
+ read_unlock(&kvmi->access_tree_lock);
+
+ return m ? 0 : -1;
+}
+
+static bool kvmi_restricted_access(struct kvm_introspection *kvmi, gpa_t gpa,
+ u8 access)
+{
+ u8 allowed_access;
+ int err;
+
+ err = kvmi_get_gfn_access(kvmi, gpa_to_gfn(gpa), &allowed_access);
+
+ if (err)
+ return false;
+
+ /*
+ * We want to be notified only for violations involving access
+ * bits that we've specifically cleared
+ */
+ if (access & (~allowed_access))
+ return true;
+
+ return false;
+}
+
+static bool is_pf_of_interest(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t gpa, u8 access)
+{
+ struct kvm *kvm = vcpu->kvm;
+
+ if (!kvmi_arch_pf_of_interest(vcpu))
+ return false;
+
+ return kvmi_restricted_access(KVMI(kvm), gpa, access);
+}
+
+static bool __kvmi_track_preread(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t gpa, gva_t gva)
+{
+ if (!is_pf_of_interest(vcpu, gpa, KVMI_PAGE_ACCESS_R))
+ return true;
+
+ return kvmi_arch_pf_event(vcpu, gpa, gva, KVMI_PAGE_ACCESS_R);
+}
+
+static bool kvmi_track_preread(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t gpa, gva_t gva,
+ int bytes,
+ struct kvm_page_track_notifier_node *node)
+{
+ struct kvm_introspection *kvmi;
+ bool ret = true;
+
+ kvmi = kvmi_get(vcpu->kvm);
+ if (!kvmi)
+ return true;
+
+ if (is_event_enabled(vcpu, KVMI_EVENT_PF))
+ ret = __kvmi_track_preread(vcpu, gpa, gva);
+
+ kvmi_put(vcpu->kvm);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static bool __kvmi_track_prewrite(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t gpa, gva_t gva)
+{
+ if (!is_pf_of_interest(vcpu, gpa, KVMI_PAGE_ACCESS_W))
+ return true;
+
+ return kvmi_arch_pf_event(vcpu, gpa, gva, KVMI_PAGE_ACCESS_W);
+}
+
+static bool kvmi_track_prewrite(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t gpa, gva_t gva,
+ const u8 *new, int bytes,
+ struct kvm_page_track_notifier_node *node)
+{
+ struct kvm_introspection *kvmi;
+ bool ret = true;
+
+ kvmi = kvmi_get(vcpu->kvm);
+ if (!kvmi)
+ return true;
+
+ if (is_event_enabled(vcpu, KVMI_EVENT_PF))
+ ret = __kvmi_track_prewrite(vcpu, gpa, gva);
+
+ kvmi_put(vcpu->kvm);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static bool __kvmi_track_preexec(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t gpa, gva_t gva)
+{
+ if (!is_pf_of_interest(vcpu, gpa, KVMI_PAGE_ACCESS_X))
+ return true;
+
+ return kvmi_arch_pf_event(vcpu, gpa, gva, KVMI_PAGE_ACCESS_X);
+}
+
+static bool kvmi_track_preexec(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t gpa, gva_t gva,
+ struct kvm_page_track_notifier_node *node)
+{
+ struct kvm_introspection *kvmi;
+ bool ret = true;
+
+ kvmi = kvmi_get(vcpu->kvm);
+ if (!kvmi)
+ return true;
+
+ if (is_event_enabled(vcpu, KVMI_EVENT_PF))
+ ret = __kvmi_track_preexec(vcpu, gpa, gva);
+
+ kvmi_put(vcpu->kvm);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static void kvmi_track_create_slot(struct kvm *kvm,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *slot,
+ unsigned long npages,
+ struct kvm_page_track_notifier_node *node)
+{
+ struct kvm_introspection *kvmi;
+ gfn_t start = slot->base_gfn;
+ const gfn_t end = start + npages;
+ int idx;
+
+ kvmi = kvmi_get(kvm);
+ if (!kvmi)
+ return;
+
+ idx = srcu_read_lock(&kvm->srcu);
+ spin_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+ read_lock(&kvmi->access_tree_lock);
+
+ while (start < end) {
+ struct kvmi_mem_access *m;
+
+ m = __kvmi_get_gfn_access(kvmi, start);
+ if (m)
+ kvmi_arch_update_page_tracking(kvm, slot, m);
+ start++;
+ }
+
+ read_unlock(&kvmi->access_tree_lock);
+ spin_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+ srcu_read_unlock(&kvm->srcu, idx);
+
+ kvmi_put(kvm);
+}
+
+static void kvmi_track_flush_slot(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_memory_slot *slot,
+ struct kvm_page_track_notifier_node *node)
+{
+ struct kvm_introspection *kvmi;
+ gfn_t start = slot->base_gfn;
+ const gfn_t end = start + slot->npages;
+ int idx;
+
+ kvmi = kvmi_get(kvm);
+ if (!kvmi)
+ return;
+
+ idx = srcu_read_lock(&kvm->srcu);
+ spin_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+ write_lock(&kvmi->access_tree_lock);
+
+ while (start < end) {
+ struct kvmi_mem_access *m;
+
+ m = __kvmi_get_gfn_access(kvmi, start);
+ if (m) {
+ u8 prev_access = m->access;
+
+ m->access = full_access;
+ kvmi_arch_update_page_tracking(kvm, slot, m);
+ m->access = prev_access;
+ }
+ start++;
+ }
+
+ write_unlock(&kvmi->access_tree_lock);
+ spin_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+ srcu_read_unlock(&kvm->srcu, idx);
+
+ kvmi_put(kvm);
+}
diff --git a/virt/kvm/introspection/kvmi_int.h b/virt/kvm/introspection/kvmi_int.h
index a81e400eab17..23a088afe072 100644
--- a/virt/kvm/introspection/kvmi_int.h
+++ b/virt/kvm/introspection/kvmi_int.h
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
| BIT(KVMI_EVENT_MSR) \
| BIT(KVMI_EVENT_TRAP) \
| BIT(KVMI_EVENT_PAUSE_VCPU) \
+ | BIT(KVMI_EVENT_PF) \
| BIT(KVMI_EVENT_XSETBV) \
)
@@ -90,6 +91,7 @@ u32 kvmi_msg_send_vcpu_pause(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
u32 kvmi_msg_send_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
u32 kvmi_msg_send_bp(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 gpa, u8 insn_len);
u32 kvmi_msg_send_descriptor(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u8 descriptor, u8 write);
+u32 kvmi_msg_send_pf(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 gpa, u64 gva, u8 access);
/* kvmi.c */
void *kvmi_msg_alloc(void);
@@ -162,5 +164,8 @@ void kvmi_arch_update_page_tracking(struct kvm *kvm,
int kvmi_arch_cmd_set_page_access(struct kvm_introspection *kvmi,
const struct kvmi_msg_hdr *msg,
const struct kvmi_vm_set_page_access *req);
+bool kvmi_arch_pf_event(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t gpa, gva_t gva,
+ u8 access);
+bool kvmi_arch_pf_of_interest(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
#endif
diff --git a/virt/kvm/introspection/kvmi_msg.c b/virt/kvm/introspection/kvmi_msg.c
index fd7c9993296f..49f49f2401bc 100644
--- a/virt/kvm/introspection/kvmi_msg.c
+++ b/virt/kvm/introspection/kvmi_msg.c
@@ -1072,3 +1072,30 @@ u32 kvmi_msg_send_descriptor(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u8 descriptor, u8 write)
return action;
}
+
+u32 kvmi_msg_send_pf(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 gpa, u64 gva, u8 access)
+{
+ struct kvmi_event_pf e;
+ int err, action;
+
+ memset(&e, 0, sizeof(e));
+ e.gpa = gpa;
+ e.gva = gva;
+ e.access = access;
+
+ err = kvmi_send_event(vcpu, KVMI_EVENT_PF, &e, sizeof(e),
+ NULL, 0, &action);
+ if (err)
+ return KVMI_EVENT_ACTION_CONTINUE;
+
+ if (e.padding1 || e.padding2 || e.padding3) {
+ struct kvm_introspection *kvmi = KVMI(vcpu->kvm);
+
+ kvmi_err(kvmi, "%s: non zero padding %u,%u\n",
+ __func__, e.padding1, e.padding2);
+ kvmi_sock_shutdown(kvmi);
+ return KVMI_EVENT_ACTION_CONTINUE;
+ }
+
+ return action;
+}
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