On Thu, Mar 9, 2023 at 2:53 PM Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote: > On Thu, Mar 09, 2023 at 02:40:10PM +0100, Oliver Neukum wrote: > > On 09.03.23 08:10, Ye Xiang wrote: > > > > > +#define LJCA_GPIO_BUF_SIZE 60 > > > +struct ljca_gpio_dev { > > > + struct platform_device *pdev; > > > + struct gpio_chip gc; > > > + struct ljca_gpio_info *gpio_info; > > > + DECLARE_BITMAP(unmasked_irqs, LJCA_MAX_GPIO_NUM); > > > + DECLARE_BITMAP(enabled_irqs, LJCA_MAX_GPIO_NUM); > > > + DECLARE_BITMAP(reenable_irqs, LJCA_MAX_GPIO_NUM); > > > + u8 *connect_mode; > > > + /* mutex to protect irq bus */ > > > + struct mutex irq_lock; > > > + struct work_struct work; > > > + /* lock to protect package transfer to Hardware */ > > > + struct mutex trans_lock; > > > + > > > + u8 obuf[LJCA_GPIO_BUF_SIZE]; > > > + u8 ibuf[LJCA_GPIO_BUF_SIZE]; > > > > And here we have a violation of DMA coherency rules. > > Basically you cannot embed buffers into other data structures > > if they can be subject to DMA. > > Huh?! > > The problem here is alignment. But other than that I can't see the issue with > embedding into structures the instances of which will be allocated on the heap. Yups. And I think the solution looks something like this: u8 obuf[LJCA_GPIO_BUF_SIZE] __aligned(8); u8 ibuf[LJCA_GPIO_BUF_SIZE] __aligned(8); __aligned(4) if it's 32bit DMA I guess? 8 always works that's why we use it all over the IIO subsystem. Yours, Linus Walleij