Update Raw Gadget documentation and Kconfig. Make the description more
precise and clear, fix typos and grammar mistakes, and do other cleanups.
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
Documentation/usb/raw-gadget.rst | 102 ++++++++++++++++--------------
drivers/usb/gadget/legacy/Kconfig | 13 ++--
2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 50 deletions(-)
diff --git a/Documentation/usb/raw-gadget.rst b/Documentation/usb/raw-gadget.rst
index 68d879a8009e..818a1648b387 100644
--- a/Documentation/usb/raw-gadget.rst
+++ b/Documentation/usb/raw-gadget.rst
@@ -2,83 +2,93 @@
USB Raw Gadget
==============
-USB Raw Gadget is a kernel module that provides a userspace interface for
-the USB Gadget subsystem. Essentially it allows to emulate USB devices
-from userspace. Enabled with CONFIG_USB_RAW_GADGET. Raw Gadget is
-currently a strictly debugging feature and shouldn't be used in
-production, use GadgetFS instead.
+USB Raw Gadget is a gadget driver that gives userspace low-level control over
+the gadget's communication process.
+
+Like any other gadget driver, Raw Gadget implements USB devices via the
+USB gadget API. Unlike most gadget drivers, Raw Gadget does not implement
+any concrete USB functions itself but requires userspace to do that.
+
+Raw Gadget is currently a strictly debugging feature and should not be used
+in production. Use GadgetFS instead.
+
+Enabled with CONFIG_USB_RAW_GADGET.
Comparison to GadgetFS
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-Raw Gadget is similar to GadgetFS, but provides a more low-level and
-direct access to the USB Gadget layer for the userspace. The key
-differences are:
+Raw Gadget is similar to GadgetFS but provides more direct access to the
+USB gadget layer for userspace. The key differences are:
-1. Every USB request is passed to the userspace to get a response, while
+1. Raw Gadget passes every USB request to userspace to get a response, while
GadgetFS responds to some USB requests internally based on the provided
- descriptors. However note, that the UDC driver might respond to some
- requests on its own and never forward them to the Gadget layer.
+ descriptors. Note that the UDC driver might respond to some requests on
+ its own and never forward them to the gadget layer.
-2. GadgetFS performs some sanity checks on the provided USB descriptors,
- while Raw Gadget allows you to provide arbitrary data as responses to
- USB requests.
+2. Raw Gadget allows providing arbitrary data as responses to USB requests,
+ while GadgetFS performs sanity checks on the provided USB descriptors.
+ This makes Raw Gadget suitable for fuzzing by providing malformed data as
+ responses to USB requests.
3. Raw Gadget provides a way to select a UDC device/driver to bind to,
- while GadgetFS currently binds to the first available UDC.
+ while GadgetFS currently binds to the first available UDC. This allows
+ having multiple Raw Gadget instances bound to different UDCs.
4. Raw Gadget explicitly exposes information about endpoints addresses and
- capabilities allowing a user to write UDC-agnostic gadgets.
+ capabilities. This allows the user to write UDC-agnostic gadgets.
-5. Raw Gadget has ioctl-based interface instead of a filesystem-based one.
+5. Raw Gadget has an ioctl-based interface instead of a filesystem-based
+ one.
Userspace interface
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-To create a Raw Gadget instance open /dev/raw-gadget. Multiple raw-gadget
-instances (bound to different UDCs) can be used at the same time. The
-interaction with the opened file happens through the ioctl() calls, see
-comments in include/uapi/linux/usb/raw_gadget.h for details.
+The user can interact with Raw Gadget by opening ``/dev/raw-gadget`` and
+issuing ioctl calls; see the comments in include/uapi/linux/usb/raw_gadget.h
+for details. Multiple Raw Gadget instances (bound to different UDCs) can be
+used at the same time.
-The typical usage of Raw Gadget looks like:
+A typical usage scenario of Raw Gadget:
-1. Open Raw Gadget instance via /dev/raw-gadget.
-2. Initialize the instance via USB_RAW_IOCTL_INIT.
-3. Launch the instance with USB_RAW_IOCTL_RUN.
-4. In a loop issue USB_RAW_IOCTL_EVENT_FETCH calls to receive events from
- Raw Gadget and react to those depending on what kind of USB device
- needs to be emulated.
+1. Create a Raw Gadget instance by opening ``/dev/raw-gadget``.
+2. Initialize the instance via ``USB_RAW_IOCTL_INIT``.
+3. Launch the instance with ``USB_RAW_IOCTL_RUN``.
+4. In a loop issue ``USB_RAW_IOCTL_EVENT_FETCH`` to receive events from
+ Raw Gadget and react to those depending on what kind of USB gadget must
+ be implemented.
-Note, that some UDC drivers have fixed addresses assigned to endpoints, and
-therefore arbitrary endpoint addresses can't be used in the descriptors.
-Nevertheles, Raw Gadget provides a UDC-agnostic way to write USB gadgets.
-Once a USB_RAW_EVENT_CONNECT event is received via USB_RAW_IOCTL_EVENT_FETCH,
-the USB_RAW_IOCTL_EPS_INFO ioctl can be used to find out information about
-endpoints that the UDC driver has. Based on that information, the user must
-chose UDC endpoints that will be used for the gadget being emulated, and
-properly assign addresses in endpoint descriptors.
+Note that some UDC drivers have fixed addresses assigned to endpoints, and
+therefore arbitrary endpoint addresses cannot be used in the descriptors.
+Nevertheless, Raw Gadget provides a UDC-agnostic way to write USB gadgets.
+Once ``USB_RAW_EVENT_CONNECT`` is received via ``USB_RAW_IOCTL_EVENT_FETCH``,
+``USB_RAW_IOCTL_EPS_INFO`` can be used to find out information about the
+endpoints that the UDC driver has. Based on that, userspace must choose UDC
+endpoints for the gadget and assign addresses in the endpoint descriptors
+correspondingly.
-You can find usage examples (along with a test suite) here:
+Raw Gadget usage examples and a test suite:
https://github.com/xairy/raw-gadget
Internal details
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-Currently every endpoint read/write ioctl submits a USB request and waits until
-its completion. This is the desired mode for coverage-guided fuzzing (as we'd
-like all USB request processing happen during the lifetime of a syscall),
-and must be kept in the implementation. (This might be slow for real world
-applications, thus the O_NONBLOCK improvement suggestion below.)
+Every Raw Gadget endpoint read/write ioctl submits a USB request and waits
+until its completion. This is done deliberately to assist with coverage-guided
+fuzzing by having a single syscall fully process a single USB request. This
+feature must be kept in the implementation.
Potential future improvements
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-- Report more events (suspend, resume, etc.) through USB_RAW_IOCTL_EVENT_FETCH.
+- Report more events (suspend, resume, etc.) through
+ ``USB_RAW_IOCTL_EVENT_FETCH``.
-- Support O_NONBLOCK I/O.
+- Support ``O_NONBLOCK`` I/O. This would be another mode of operation, where
+ Raw Gadget would not wait until the completion of each USB request.
- Support USB 3 features (accept SS endpoint companion descriptor when
- enabling endpoints; allow providing stream_id for bulk transfers).
+ enabling endpoints; allow providing ``stream_id`` for bulk transfers).
-- Support ISO transfer features (expose frame_number for completed requests).
+- Support ISO transfer features (expose ``frame_number`` for completed
+ requests).
diff --git a/drivers/usb/gadget/legacy/Kconfig b/drivers/usb/gadget/legacy/Kconfig
index f02c38b32a2b..11dd6e8adc8a 100644
--- a/drivers/usb/gadget/legacy/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/usb/gadget/legacy/Kconfig
@@ -515,10 +515,15 @@ config USB_G_WEBCAM
config USB_RAW_GADGET
tristate "USB Raw Gadget"
help
- USB Raw Gadget is a kernel module that provides a userspace interface
- for the USB Gadget subsystem. Essentially it allows to emulate USB
- devices from userspace. See Documentation/usb/raw-gadget.rst for
- details.
+ USB Raw Gadget is a gadget driver that gives userspace low-level
+ control over the gadget's communication process.
+
+ Like any other gadget driver, Raw Gadget implements USB devices via
+ the USB gadget API. Unlike most gadget drivers, Raw Gadget does not
+ implement any concrete USB functions itself but requires userspace
+ to do that.
+
+ See Documentation/usb/raw-gadget.rst for details.
Say "y" to link the driver statically, or "m" to build a
dynamically linked module called "raw_gadget".
--
2.30.0.280.ga3ce27912f-goog
