Hi, I got to a slight confusion about what is the correct way to safely disconnect hdd sata over usb adapter with external power unit from laptop running Linux (4.18). my current action list was : 1. unmount everything 2. sync 3. hdpram -S 30 /dev/sdX (I'm not sure if does anything honestly because device is connected over a sata to usb interface) 4. Wait for ~20 minutes 5. physically touch the disk if I feel any movement , if not unplug the usb cord from the laptop and then unplug the power plug cord from the wall socket. else back to step 2 I have found this comment list http://elliotli.blogspot.com/2009/01/safely-remove-usb-hard-drive-in-linux.html but that was true 11 years ago which also mention put socket into suspend mode (which I have failed to do in the past). What is the modern recommendation, should I call a sync after unmounting all ? (or maybe it's absolutely useless ? ). should I do some extra actions except putting a port into a suspend mode ? Is the sync have any meaning in this flow ? The adapter is rated as a usb 2.
