Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@xxxxxxxxx> writes: > refcount_t type and corresponding API should be > used instead of atomic_t when the variable is used as > a reference counter. This allows to avoid accidental > refcounter overflows that might lead to use-after-free > situations. > > Signed-off-by: Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@xxxxxxxxx> > Signed-off-by: Hans Liljestrand <ishkamiel@xxxxxxxxx> > Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@xxxxxxxxxxxx> > Signed-off-by: David Windsor <dwindsor@xxxxxxxxx> > --- > drivers/md/md.c | 6 +++--- > drivers/md/md.h | 3 ++- > 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) When booting linux-next (specifically 5be4921c9958ec) I'm seeing the backtrace below. I suspect this patch is just exposing an existing issue? cheers [ 0.230738] md: Waiting for all devices to be available before autodetect [ 0.230742] md: If you don't use raid, use raid=noautodetect [ 0.230962] refcount_t: increment on 0; use-after-free. [ 0.230988] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 0.230996] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 1 at lib/refcount.c:114 .refcount_inc+0x5c/0x70 [ 0.231001] Modules linked in: [ 0.231006] CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 4.11.0-rc1-gccN-next-20170310-g5be4921 #1 [ 0.231012] task: c000000049400000 task.stack: c000000049440000 [ 0.231016] NIP: c0000000005ac6bc LR: c0000000005ac6b8 CTR: c000000000743390 [ 0.231021] REGS: c000000049443160 TRAP: 0700 Not tainted (4.11.0-rc1-gccN-next-20170310-g5be4921) [ 0.231026] MSR: 8000000000029032 <SF,EE,ME,IR,DR,RI> [ 0.231033] CR: 24024422 XER: 0000000c [ 0.231038] CFAR: c000000000a5356c SOFTE: 1 [ 0.231038] GPR00: c0000000005ac6b8 c0000000494433e0 c000000001079d00 000000000000002b [ 0.231038] GPR04: 0000000000000000 00000000000000ef 0000000000000000 c0000000010418a0 [ 0.231038] GPR08: 000000004af80000 c000000000ecc9a8 c000000000ecc9a8 0000000000000000 [ 0.231038] GPR12: 0000000028024824 c000000006bb0000 0000000000000000 c000000049443a00 [ 0.231038] GPR16: 0000000000000000 c000000049443a10 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 [ 0.231038] GPR20: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 c000000000f7dd20 0000000000000000 [ 0.231038] GPR24: 00000000014080c0 c0000000012060b8 c000000001206080 0000000000000009 [ 0.231038] GPR28: c000000000f7dde0 0000000000900000 0000000000000000 c0000000461ae800 [ 0.231100] NIP [c0000000005ac6bc] .refcount_inc+0x5c/0x70 [ 0.231104] LR [c0000000005ac6b8] .refcount_inc+0x58/0x70 [ 0.231108] Call Trace: [ 0.231112] [c0000000494433e0] [c0000000005ac6b8] .refcount_inc+0x58/0x70 (unreliable) [ 0.231120] [c000000049443450] [c00000000086c008] .mddev_find+0x1e8/0x430 [ 0.231125] [c000000049443530] [c000000000872b6c] .md_open+0x2c/0x140 [ 0.231132] [c0000000494435c0] [c0000000003962a4] .__blkdev_get+0xd4/0x520 [ 0.231138] [c000000049443690] [c000000000396cc0] .blkdev_get+0x1c0/0x4f0 [ 0.231145] [c000000049443790] [c000000000336d64] .do_dentry_open.isra.1+0x2a4/0x410 [ 0.231152] [c000000049443830] [c0000000003523f4] .path_openat+0x624/0x1580 [ 0.231157] [c000000049443990] [c000000000354ce4] .do_filp_open+0x84/0x120 [ 0.231163] [c000000049443b10] [c000000000338d74] .do_sys_open+0x214/0x300 [ 0.231170] [c000000049443be0] [c000000000da69ac] .md_run_setup+0xa0/0xec [ 0.231176] [c000000049443c60] [c000000000da4fbc] .prepare_namespace+0x60/0x240 [ 0.231182] [c000000049443ce0] [c000000000da47a8] .kernel_init_freeable+0x330/0x36c [ 0.231190] [c000000049443db0] [c00000000000dc44] .kernel_init+0x24/0x160 [ 0.231197] [c000000049443e30] [c00000000000badc] .ret_from_kernel_thread+0x58/0x7c [ 0.231202] Instruction dump: [ 0.231206] 60000000 3d22ffee 89296bfb 2f890000 409effdc 3c62ffc6 39200001 3d42ffee [ 0.231216] 38630928 992a6bfb 484a6e79 60000000 <0fe00000> 4bffffb8 60000000 60000000 [ 0.231226] ---[ end trace 8c51f269ad91ffc2 ]--- [ 0.231233] md: Autodetecting RAID arrays. [ 0.231236] md: autorun ... [ 0.231239] md: ... autorun DONE. [ 0.234188] EXT4-fs (sda4): mounting ext3 file system using the ext4 subsystem [ 0.250506] refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. [ 0.250531] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 0.250537] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 3 at lib/refcount.c:207 .refcount_dec_not_one+0x104/0x120 [ 0.250542] Modules linked in: [ 0.250546] CPU: 0 PID: 3 Comm: kworker/0:0 Tainted: G W 4.11.0-rc1-gccN-next-20170310-g5be4921 #1 [ 0.250553] Workqueue: events .delayed_fput [ 0.250557] task: c000000049404900 task.stack: c000000049448000 [ 0.250562] NIP: c0000000005ac964 LR: c0000000005ac960 CTR: c000000000743390 [ 0.250567] REGS: c00000004944b530 TRAP: 0700 Tainted: G W (4.11.0-rc1-gccN-next-20170310-g5be4921) [ 0.250572] MSR: 8000000000029032 <SF,EE,ME,IR,DR,RI> [ 0.250578] CR: 24002422 XER: 00000007 [ 0.250584] CFAR: c000000000a5356c SOFTE: 1 [ 0.250584] GPR00: c0000000005ac960 c00000004944b7b0 c000000001079d00 0000000000000026 [ 0.250584] GPR04: 0000000000000000 0000000000000113 0000000000000000 c0000000010418a0 [ 0.250584] GPR08: 000000004af80000 c000000000ecc9a8 c000000000ecc9a8 0000000000000000 [ 0.250584] GPR12: 0000000022002824 c000000006bb0000 c0000000001116d0 c000000049050200 [ 0.250584] GPR16: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 [ 0.250584] GPR20: 0000000000000001 0000000000000000 c000000048030a98 0000000000000001 [ 0.250584] GPR24: 000000000002001d 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 c0000000461af000 [ 0.250584] GPR28: 0000000000000000 c000000048030bd8 c0000000461aea08 c0000000012060b8 [ 0.250645] NIP [c0000000005ac964] .refcount_dec_not_one+0x104/0x120 [ 0.250650] LR [c0000000005ac960] .refcount_dec_not_one+0x100/0x120 [ 0.250654] Call Trace: [ 0.250658] [c00000004944b7b0] [c0000000005ac960] .refcount_dec_not_one+0x100/0x120 (unreliable) [ 0.250665] [c00000004944b820] [c0000000005ac9a0] .refcount_dec_and_lock+0x20/0xc0 [ 0.250671] [c00000004944b8a0] [c000000000870fa4] .mddev_put+0x34/0x180 [ 0.250677] [c00000004944b930] [c000000000396108] .__blkdev_put+0x288/0x350 [ 0.250683] [c00000004944ba30] [c0000000003968f0] .blkdev_close+0x30/0x50 [ 0.250689] [c00000004944bab0] [c00000000033e7d8] .__fput+0xc8/0x2a0 [ 0.250695] [c00000004944bb60] [c00000000033ea08] .delayed_fput+0x58/0x80 [ 0.250701] [c00000004944bbe0] [c000000000107ea0] .process_one_work+0x2a0/0x630 [ 0.250707] [c00000004944bc80] [c0000000001082c8] .worker_thread+0x98/0x6a0 [ 0.250713] [c00000004944bd70] [c000000000111868] .kthread+0x198/0x1a0 [ 0.250719] [c00000004944be30] [c00000000000badc] .ret_from_kernel_thread+0x58/0x7c [ 0.250724] Instruction dump: [ 0.250728] 419e000c 38210070 4e800020 7c0802a6 3c62ffc6 39200001 3d42ffee 38630958 [ 0.250738] 992a6bfe f8010080 484a6bd1 60000000 <0fe00000> e8010080 38600001 7c0803a6 [ 0.250748] ---[ end trace 8c51f269ad91ffc3 ]--- [ 0.262454] EXT4-fs (sda4): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. 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