I went through a pam install from source on slackware recently because the new free vmware server will not work without it. It was annoying to get working initially because the pam config provided by vmware was not compatible with the pam built from source. Apparently most distros have pam but slack does not. Not sure how much it complicates thing altogether but for getting vmware working, once it was configured properly it was not a problem at all for me. PAM is an authentication system, so yes it does complicate authentication. Vmware uses it for authenticating access to those vmware processes over that funky local network it creates. More info on pam here http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/ I don't know much about gnome because I've been very interested in it. -- Doug Zach wrote: I've heard some technical complaints about Dropline. One of those seems to be that it installs PAM, which isn't really something I'm familiar with. From what I gather, it complicates traditional ways of doing things considerably.