Thanks, Thomas, Actually Janina's tip was the one I was looking for and had overlooked, but this is useful information too. I am using the mbox format since I inherited a bunch of stuff from pine, and am using exim4 for an smtp. Those format strings are not as forbidding as I first thought and I will be doing even more tinkering with them. Thanks, Janina, it was right on the money. Chuck -- The Moon is Waning Gibbous (96% of Full) But you can still get downloads from http://www.mhcable.com/~chuckh