Are you sure about this ... > the kopt way is actually less work as if you append speakup_synth > to the kernel lines, you will need to redo it whenever you install > a new kernel. The advantage to kopt is that when a new kernel-image > gets installed, update-grub is automatically run and your > speakup_synth line affects the new version. Grub reads the menu.lst from your disk, unlike lilo, which doesn't do this. Quoting a web page: Unlike Lilo, it is not necessary to re-run or re-install the boot loader after every change to /boot/grub/menu.lst. menu.lst is automatically found on GRUB's root disk and read during GRUB's boot process. From http://myrddin.org/howto/debian-grub.html I don't think you need to update-grub every time you change menu-lst. In fact, as I said earlier, I added a line for a new slackware install before even installing slackware, and grub just worked. update-grub generates a menu-lst ... I never use that because I just edit the menu.lst myself. Haven't found a need for update-grub or kopt yet. Another way of installing grub is by using these commands: grub < start the grub shell root (hd0,3) < tell grub where the menu.lst will be setup (hd0) < install grub in the mbr -- Doug