I made sure I had a working boot disk so the system will come back on failure. i renamed the linux directory to redhat_linux and also the other directory that redhat creates. I applied the patch after uncrunching the "pure" kernel cd /usr/src/linux make mrproper make config I deleted the defkeymap.c file from the linux/drivers/char directory. ake dep >tmp 2>&1 & make modules make modules_install Cant remember if the above line is correct or not but it is in the HOWTO directory. cd /usr/src/linux make bzImage >tmp 2>&1 & make install I edited the /etc/lilo.conf file to accommodate the new kernel. The lilo command is covered in the make install command Make sure that the /lib/modules directory contains a directory for the new kernel. cd /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot mv bzImage /boot/ If your startup directory is different, the lilo.conf must reflect the proper directory or the system will not boot. Now you can shutdown the system and hope that it talks to you. Make sure not to touch any keys until after the synthesizer has reset and said a couple words. If you press the enter key on the numberpad and the synthesizer stops, the review keys are working correctly.Barry