From: Pavel Machek > Sent: 02 July 2020 22:17 > > > during a FLASH write or erase can cause from weakened cells, to much > > > larger damage. It is possible to harden the chip or the design against > > > this, but it is *expensive*. And even if warded off by hardening and no > > > FLASH damage happens, an erase/program cycle must be done on the whole > > > erase block to clean up the incomplete program cycle. > > > > It should have been SSD's(including FW) responsibility to avoid data loss when > > the SSD is doing its own BG writing, because power cut can happen any time > > from SSD's viewpoint. > > It should be their responsibility. But we know how well that works > (not well), so we try hard (and should try hard) to power SSDs down > cleanly. I hope modern SSD disks are better than very old CF drives. I had one where the entire contents got scrambled after an unexpected power removal. I suspect it was in the middle of a 'wear levelling' activity. Even though it was only a FAT filesystem I was glad I didn't actually need to recover any of the data. David - Registered Address Lakeside, Bramley Road, Mount Farm, Milton Keynes, MK1 1PT, UK Registration No: 1397386 (Wales)