Hi, I have a doubt, hope some one would have come across the same, For a root complex to send data to PCIe endpoints, Then it has to write data that could hit the BAR region of PCIe endpoints. For a vice versa, if PCIe endpoint which doesn't has DMA descriptor in it and it is trying to send data. which address I need to configure? Any physical address of ram or physical address got for kmalloc or endpoint BAR? If PCIe endpoint can access the entire memory does it has a permission to corrupt the host memory from external. We know linux handle memory violation for process by memory structure assigned in each task_struct. But can someone explain me how it been managed for data comming out from endpoint to Root complex? Regards Nobel -- To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-rt-users" in the body of a message to majordomo@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html