We are seeing IO space allocation failure on QDF2400 with multiple switch hierarchy below. This card has 20 PCI bridges with endpoints attached to each one to increase the number of endpoints supported. QDF2400 supports a maximum of 64k IO space aka 16 bit IO on the root port. -+-[0003:00]---00.0-[01-16]----00.0-[02-16]--+-00.0-[03]----00.0 | +-01.0-[04]----00.0 | +-02.0-[05]----00.0 | +-03.0-[06]----00.0 | +-04.0-[07]----00.0 | +-05.0-[08]----00.0 | +-06.0-[09]----00.0 | +-07.0-[0a]----00.0 | +-08.0-[0b]-- | +-09.0-[0c]-- | +-0a.0-[0d]-- | +-0b.0-[0e]-- | +-0c.0-[0f]-- | +-0d.0-[10]-- | +-0e.0-[11]-- | +-0f.0-[12]-- | +-10.0-[13]-- | +-11.0-[14]-- | +-12.0-[15]-- | \-13.0-[16]-- What we so far is that Linux is assigning an IO resource for every single bridge that it finds even though there is nothing connected behind on some of the bridges. Do we know the reason for this behavior? [ 4.288269] pci 0003:00:00.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x15000] [ 4.317175] pci 0003:01:00.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x14000] [ 4.644518] pci 0003:02:00.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.657539] pci 0003:02:01.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.670560] pci 0003:02:02.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.683581] pci 0003:02:03.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.696602] pci 0003:02:04.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.709623] pci 0003:02:05.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.722644] pci 0003:02:06.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.735664] pci 0003:02:07.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.748685] pci 0003:02:08.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.761706] pci 0003:02:09.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.774727] pci 0003:02:0a.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.787748] pci 0003:02:0b.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.800768] pci 0003:02:0c.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.813789] pci 0003:02:0d.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.826810] pci 0003:02:0e.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.839831] pci 0003:02:0f.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.852852] pci 0003:02:10.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.865873] pci 0003:02:11.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.878893] pci 0003:02:12.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] [ 4.891914] pci 0003:02:13.0: BAR 13: failed to assign [io size 0x1000] UEFI seems to be assigning an IO resource to bridge only if finds an endpoint behind it with an actual IO BAR space. -- Sinan Kaya Qualcomm Datacenter Technologies, Inc. as an affiliate of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. is a member of the Code Aurora Forum, a Linux Foundation Collaborative Project.