On 09/04/2021 10:05, Qi Liu wrote:
PCIe PMU Root Complex Integrated End Point(RCiEP) device is supported
to sample bandwidth, latency, buffer occupation etc.
Each PMU RCiEP device monitors multiple Root Ports, and each RCiEP is
registered as a PMU in /sys/bus/event_source/devices, so users can
select target PMU, and use filter to do further sets.
Filtering options contains:
event - select the event.
subevent - select the subevent.
port - select target Root Ports. Information of Root Ports
are shown under sysfs.
bdf - select requester_id of target EP device.
trig_len - set trigger condition for starting event statistics.
trigger_mode - set trigger mode. 0 means starting to statistic when
bigger than trigger condition, and 1 means smaller.
thr_len - set threshold for statistics.
thr_mode - set threshold mode. 0 means count when bigger than
threshold, and 1 means smaller.
Signed-off-by: Qi Liu <liuqi115@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
MAINTAINERS | 6 +
drivers/perf/Kconfig | 2 +
drivers/perf/Makefile | 1 +
drivers/perf/pci/Kconfig | 16 +
drivers/perf/pci/Makefile | 2 +
drivers/perf/pci/hisilicon/Makefile | 5 +
drivers/perf/pci/hisilicon/hisi_pcie_pmu.c | 1011 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
include/linux/cpuhotplug.h | 1 +
8 files changed, 1044 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 drivers/perf/pci/Kconfig
create mode 100644 drivers/perf/pci/Makefile
create mode 100644 drivers/perf/pci/hisilicon/Makefile
create mode 100644 drivers/perf/pci/hisilicon/hisi_pcie_pmu.c
diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS
index 3353de0..46c7861 100644
--- a/MAINTAINERS
+++ b/MAINTAINERS
@@ -8023,6 +8023,12 @@ W: http://www.hisilicon.com
F: Documentation/admin-guide/perf/hisi-pmu.rst
F: drivers/perf/hisilicon
+HISILICON PCIE PMU DRIVER
+M: Qi Liu <liuqi115@xxxxxxxxxx>
+S: Maintained
+F: Documentation/admin-guide/perf/hisi-pcie-pmu.rst
nit: this does not exist yet...
+F: drivers/perf/pci/hisilicon/hisi_pcie_pmu.c
+
HISILICON QM AND ZIP Controller DRIVER
M: Zhou Wang <wangzhou1@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
L: linux-crypto@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
diff --git a/drivers/perf/Kconfig b/drivers/perf/Kconfig
index 3075cf1..99d4760 100644
--- a/drivers/perf/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/perf/Kconfig
@@ -139,4 +139,6 @@ config ARM_DMC620_PMU
source "drivers/perf/hisilicon/Kconfig"
+source "drivers/perf/pci/Kconfig"
+
endmenu
diff --git a/drivers/perf/Makefile b/drivers/perf/Makefile
index 5260b11..1208c08 100644
--- a/drivers/perf/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/perf/Makefile
@@ -14,3 +14,4 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_THUNDERX2_PMU) += thunderx2_pmu.o
obj-$(CONFIG_XGENE_PMU) += xgene_pmu.o
obj-$(CONFIG_ARM_SPE_PMU) += arm_spe_pmu.o
obj-$(CONFIG_ARM_DMC620_PMU) += arm_dmc620_pmu.o
+obj-y += pci/
diff --git a/drivers/perf/pci/Kconfig b/drivers/perf/pci/Kconfig
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a119486
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/perf/pci/Kconfig
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+#
+# PCIe Performance Monitor Drivers
+#
+menu "PCIe Performance Monitor"
+
+config HISI_PCIE_PMU
+ tristate "HiSilicon PCIE PERF PMU"
+ depends on ARM64 && PCI && HISI_PMU
What from HISI_PMU is needed? I couldn't find anything here
+ help
+ Provide support for HiSilicon PCIe performance monitoring unit (PMU)
+ RCiEP devices.
+ Adds the PCIe PMU into perf events system for monitoring latency,
+ bandwidth etc.
+
+endmenu
diff --git a/drivers/perf/pci/Makefile b/drivers/perf/pci/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a56b1a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/perf/pci/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+obj-y += hisilicon/
diff --git a/drivers/perf/pci/hisilicon/Makefile b/drivers/perf/pci/hisilicon/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f99f52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/perf/pci/hisilicon/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+
+ccflags-y := -I $(srctree)/drivers/perf/hisilicon
+
+obj-$(CONFIG_HISI_PCIE_PMU) += hisi_pcie_pmu.o
diff --git a/drivers/perf/pci/hisilicon/hisi_pcie_pmu.c b/drivers/perf/pci/hisilicon/hisi_pcie_pmu.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac0e444
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/perf/pci/hisilicon/hisi_pcie_pmu.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1011 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * This driver adds support for PCIe PMU RCiEP device. Related
+ * perf events are bandwidth, bandwidth utilization, latency
+ * etc.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 HiSilicon Limited
+ * Author: Qi Liu<liuqi115@xxxxxxxxxx>
+ */
+#include <linux/bitfield.h>
+#include <linux/bitmap.h>
+#include <linux/bug.h>
+#include <linux/cpuhotplug.h>
+#include <linux/cpumask.h>
+#include <linux/device.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/irq.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/list.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/pci.h>
+#include <linux/perf_event.h>
+
+#include "hisi_uncore_pmu.h"
+
+/* Define registers */
+#define HISI_PCIE_GLOBAL_CTRL 0x00
+#define HISI_PCIE_EVENT_CTRL 0x010
+#define HISI_PCIE_CNT 0x090
+#define HISI_PCIE_EXT_CNT 0x110
+#define HISI_PCIE_INT_STAT 0x150
+#define HISI_PCIE_INT_MASK 0x154
+#define HISI_PCIE_REG_BDF 0xfe0
+#define HISI_PCIE_REG_VERSION 0xfe4
+#define HISI_PCIE_REG_INFO 0xfe8
+#define HISI_PCIE_REG_FREQ 0xfec
+
+/* Define PCIE CTRL CMD */
+#define HISI_PCIE_GLOBAL_EN 0x01
+#define HISI_PCIE_GLOBAL_NONE 0
+#define HISI_PCIE_EVENT_EN BIT(20)
+#define HISI_PCIE_RESET_CNT BIT(22)
+#define HISI_PCIE_DEFAULT_SET BIT(34)
+#define HISI_PCIE_THR_EN BIT(26)
+#define HISI_PCIE_TARGET_EN BIT(32)
+#define HISI_PCIE_TRIG_EN BIT(52)
+
+/* Define offsets in event ctrl regesiter */
+#define HISI_PCIE_EVENT_M GENMASK_ULL(7, 0)
+#define HISI_PCIE_SUBEVENT_M GENMASK_ULL(15, 8)
+#define HISI_PCIE_THR_MODE_M GENMASK_ULL(27, 27)
+#define HISI_PCIE_THR_M GENMASK_ULL(31, 28)
+#define HISI_PCIE_TARGET_M GENMASK_ULL(52, 36)
+#define HISI_PCIE_TRIG_MODE_M GENMASK_ULL(53, 53)
+#define HISI_PCIE_TRIG_M GENMASK_ULL(59, 56)
+
+#define HISI_PCIE_MAX_COUNTERS 8
+#define HISI_PCIE_REG_STEP 8
+#define HISI_PCIE_EVENT_MAX 0xa2
+#define HISI_PCIE_SUBEVENT_MAX 0x20
+#define HISI_PCIE_THR_MAX_VAL 10
+#define HISI_PCIE_TRIG_MAX_VAL 10
+#define HISI_PCIE_COUNTER_BITS 64
+#define HISI_PCIE_MAX_PERIOD BIT_ULL(63)
+
+struct hisi_pcie_pmu {
+ struct perf_event *hw_events[HISI_PCIE_MAX_COUNTERS];
+ struct hlist_node node;
+ struct pci_dev *pdev;
+ struct pmu pmu;
+ void __iomem *base;
+ cpumask_t cpumask;
+ int irq;
+ u32 identifier;
+ /* Minimum and maximum bdf of root ports monitored by PMU */
+ u16 bdf_min;
+ u16 bdf_max;
+};
+
+#define to_pcie_pmu(p) (container_of((p), struct hisi_pcie_pmu, pmu))
+#define GET_PCI_DEVFN(bdf) ((bdf) & 0xff)
+
+#define HISI_PCIE_PMU_FILTER_ATTR(_name, _config, _hi, _lo) \
+ static inline u64 hisi_pcie_get_##_name(struct perf_event *event) \
+ { \
+ return FIELD_GET(GENMASK(_hi, _lo), event->attr._config); \
+ } \
+
+HISI_PCIE_PMU_FILTER_ATTR(event, config, 7, 0);
+HISI_PCIE_PMU_FILTER_ATTR(subevent, config, 15, 8);
+HISI_PCIE_PMU_FILTER_ATTR(thr_len, config1, 3, 0);
+HISI_PCIE_PMU_FILTER_ATTR(thr_mode, config1, 4, 4);
+HISI_PCIE_PMU_FILTER_ATTR(trig_len, config1, 8, 5);
+HISI_PCIE_PMU_FILTER_ATTR(trig_mode, config1, 9, 9);
+HISI_PCIE_PMU_FILTER_ATTR(port, config2, 15, 0);
+HISI_PCIE_PMU_FILTER_ATTR(bdf, config2, 31, 16);
+
+#define HISI_PCIE_CHECK_EVENTS(name, list) \
"check" in a function name is too vague, as it does not imply any
side-effect from calling this function.
And I think "build" or similar would be good to be included in the macro
name.
+ static inline bool is_##name##_event(u32 idx) \
why inline?
+ { \
+ if ((idx >= list[0] && idx <= list[1]) || idx == list[2]) \
+ return true; \
+ return false; \
isn't this just:
{
return (idx >= list[0] && idx <= list[1]) || idx == list[2])
}
+ }
+
+/*
+ * The first element of event list is minimum index of TL-layer events
+ * and the second element is maximum index. The third element is index
+ * of a DL-layer event.
+ */
+static const u32 bw_events_list[] = {0x04, 0x08, 0x84};
+static const u32 latency_events_list[] = {0x10, 0x15, 0x85};
+static const u32 bus_util_events_list[] = {0x20, 0x24, 0x09};
+static const u32 buf_util_events_list[] = {0x28, 0x2a, 0x33};
+
+HISI_PCIE_CHECK_EVENTS(bw, bw_events_list);
+HISI_PCIE_CHECK_EVENTS(latency, latency_events_list);
+HISI_PCIE_CHECK_EVENTS(bus_util, bus_util_events_list);
+HISI_PCIE_CHECK_EVENTS(buf_util, buf_util_events_list);
Surely the macro can be fixed such that you need to have:
HISI_PCIE_CHECK_EVENTS(buf_util);
+
+static ssize_t hisi_pcie_cpumask_show(struct device *dev,
+ struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = to_pcie_pmu(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+
+ return cpumap_print_to_pagebuf(true, buf, &pcie_pmu->cpumask);
+}
+
+static ssize_t hisi_pcie_identifier_show(struct device *dev,
+ struct device_attribute *attr,
+ char *buf)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = to_pcie_pmu(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+
+ return sysfs_emit(buf, "0x%x\n", pcie_pmu->identifier);
+}
+
+static ssize_t hisi_pcie_bus_show(struct device *dev,
+ struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = to_pcie_pmu(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+
+ return sysfs_emit(buf, "0x%02x\n", PCI_BUS_NUM(pcie_pmu->bdf_min));
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_parse_data(struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu, u32 reg_off,
hisi_pcie_parse_data() name is way too vague. I mean, parse what data?
is there is some standard format register we use for various data types,
then make that clear please
+ u16 *arg0, u16 *arg1)
+{
+ u32 val = readl(pcie_pmu->base + reg_off);
+
+ *arg0 = val & 0xffff;
+ *arg1 = (val & 0xffff0000) >> 16;
+}
+
+static u32 hisi_pcie_pmu_get_offset(u32 offset, u32 idx)
+{
+ return offset + HISI_PCIE_REG_STEP * idx;
+}
+
+static u32 hisi_pcie_pmu_readl(struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu, u32 reg_offset,
+ u32 idx)
+{
+ u32 offset = hisi_pcie_pmu_get_offset(reg_offset, idx);
+
+ return readl(pcie_pmu->base + offset);
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_writel(struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu, u32 reg_offset,
+ u32 idx, u32 val)
+{
+ u32 offset = hisi_pcie_pmu_get_offset(reg_offset, idx);
+
+ writel(val, pcie_pmu->base + offset);
+}
+
+static u64 hisi_pcie_pmu_readq(struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu, u32 reg_offset,
+ u32 idx)
+{
+ u32 offset = hisi_pcie_pmu_get_offset(reg_offset, idx);
+
+ return readq(pcie_pmu->base + offset);
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_writeq(struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu, u32 reg_offset,
+ u32 idx, u64 val)
+{
+ u32 offset = hisi_pcie_pmu_get_offset(reg_offset, idx);
+
+ writeq(val, pcie_pmu->base + offset);
+}
+
+static u64 hisi_pcie_pmu_get_event(struct perf_event *event)
that function name is too vague
+{
+ return FIELD_PREP(HISI_PCIE_EVENT_M, hisi_pcie_get_event(event)) |
+ FIELD_PREP(HISI_PCIE_SUBEVENT_M, hisi_pcie_get_subevent(event));
+}
+
+static u64 hisi_pcie_pmu_get_target(struct perf_event *event)
same here
+{
+ u64 port, val;
+
+ port = hisi_pcie_get_port(event);
+ if (port) {
+ val = FIELD_PREP(HISI_PCIE_TARGET_M, port);
+ } else {
+ val = FIELD_PREP(HISI_PCIE_TARGET_M, hisi_pcie_get_bdf(event));
+ val |= HISI_PCIE_TARGET_EN;
+ }
+
+ return val;
+}
+
+static u64 hisi_pcie_pmu_get_trigger(struct perf_event *event)
and here
what you really seem to be doing is getting the formatted fields for the
register
Having all these call-once functions seem to make life a bit more
difficult...
+{
+ u64 trig_len, val;
+
+ trig_len = hisi_pcie_get_trig_len(event);
+ if (!trig_len)
+ return 0;
+
+ val = FIELD_PREP(HISI_PCIE_TRIG_M, trig_len);
+ val |= FIELD_PREP(HISI_PCIE_TRIG_MODE_M,
+ hisi_pcie_get_trig_mode(event));
+ val |= HISI_PCIE_TRIG_EN;
+
+ return val;
+}
+
+static u64 hisi_pcie_pmu_get_thr(struct perf_event *event)
+{
+ u64 thr_len, val;
+
+ thr_len = hisi_pcie_get_thr_len(event);
+ if (!thr_len)
+ return 0;
+
+ val = FIELD_PREP(HISI_PCIE_THR_M, thr_len);
+ val |= FIELD_PREP(HISI_PCIE_THR_MODE_M, hisi_pcie_get_thr_mode(event));
+ val |= HISI_PCIE_THR_EN;
+
+ return val;
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_config_filter(struct perf_event *event)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = to_pcie_pmu(event->pmu);
+ struct hw_perf_event *hwc = &event->hw;
+ u32 idx = hwc->idx;
+ u64 val;
+
+ val = HISI_PCIE_DEFAULT_SET;
+ val |= hisi_pcie_pmu_get_event(event);
+ val |= hisi_pcie_pmu_get_target(event);
+ val |= hisi_pcie_pmu_get_trigger(event);
+ val |= hisi_pcie_pmu_get_thr(event);
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_writeq(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_EVENT_CTRL, idx, val);
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_clear_filter(struct perf_event *event)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = to_pcie_pmu(event->pmu);
+ struct hw_perf_event *hwc = &event->hw;
+
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_writeq(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_EVENT_CTRL, hwc->idx,
+ HISI_PCIE_DEFAULT_SET);
+}
+
+static bool hisi_pcie_pmu_valid_port(struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu, u16 bdf)
+{
+ return bdf <= pcie_pmu->bdf_max && bdf >= pcie_pmu->bdf_min;
nit: it is standard to have:
if (x >= min && x <= max)
i.e. have min on the left
2nd nit: it is passed bdf, yet "port" is in the name
+}
+
+static bool hisi_pcie_pmu_valid_requester_id(struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu,
+ u32 bdf)
+{
+ struct pci_dev *root_port, *pdev;
+
+ pdev = pci_get_domain_bus_and_slot(pci_domain_nr(pcie_pmu->pdev->bus),
+ PCI_BUS_NUM(bdf),
+ GET_PCI_DEVFN(bdf));
+ if (!pdev)
+ return false;
+
+ root_port = pcie_find_root_port(pdev);
+ if (!root_port)
+ return false;
+
+ pci_dev_put(pdev);
+ return hisi_pcie_pmu_valid_port(pcie_pmu, pci_dev_id(root_port));
+}
+
+static bool hisi_pcie_pmu_valid_filter(struct perf_event *event,
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu)
+{
+ u32 subev_idx = hisi_pcie_get_subevent(event);
+ u32 event_idx = hisi_pcie_get_event(event);
+ u32 requester_id = hisi_pcie_get_bdf(event);
+
+ if (subev_idx > HISI_PCIE_SUBEVENT_MAX ||
+ event_idx > HISI_PCIE_EVENT_MAX) {
+ pci_err(pcie_pmu->pdev,
+ "Max event index and max subevent index is: %d, %d.\n",
+ HISI_PCIE_EVENT_MAX, HISI_PCIE_SUBEVENT_MAX);
if this is just going to be fed back to userspace, I don't see why we
need a kernel log
and the only caller also triggers an error message, which I doubt is needed
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (hisi_pcie_get_thr_len(event) > HISI_PCIE_THR_MAX_VAL)
+ return false;
+
+ if (hisi_pcie_get_trig_len(event) > HISI_PCIE_TRIG_MAX_VAL)
+ return false;
+
+ if (requester_id) {
+ if (!hisi_pcie_pmu_valid_requester_id(pcie_pmu, requester_id)) {
+ pci_err(pcie_pmu->pdev, "Invalid requester id.\n");
see previous comments
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+static bool hisi_pcie_pmu_validate_event_group(struct perf_event *event)
+{
+ struct perf_event *sibling, *leader = event->group_leader;
+ int counters = 1;
+
+ if (!is_software_event(leader)) {
+ if (leader->pmu != event->pmu)
+ return false;
+
+ if (leader != event)
+ counters++;
+ }
+
+ for_each_sibling_event(sibling, event->group_leader) {
+ if (is_software_event(sibling))
+ continue;
+
+ if (sibling->pmu != event->pmu)
+ return false;
+
+ counters++;
+ }
+
+ return counters <= HISI_PCIE_MAX_COUNTERS;
+}
+
+static int hisi_pcie_pmu_event_init(struct perf_event *event)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = to_pcie_pmu(event->pmu);
+
+ event->cpu = cpumask_first(&pcie_pmu->cpumask);
+
+ if (event->attr.type != event->pmu->type)
+ return -ENOENT;
+
+ /* Sampling is not supported. */
+ if (is_sampling_event(event) || event->attach_state & PERF_ATTACH_TASK)
+ return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+ /* Per-task mode is not supported. */
+ if (event->cpu < 0)
cpumask_first() gives an unsigned int - this can never happen
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ if (!hisi_pcie_pmu_valid_filter(event, pcie_pmu)) {
+ pci_err(pcie_pmu->pdev, "Invalid filter!\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ if (!hisi_pcie_pmu_validate_event_group(event))
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static u64 hisi_pcie_pmu_process_data(struct perf_event *event, u64 val,
function name too vague, as are the argument names
+ u64 val_ext)
+{
+#define CONVERT_DW_TO_BYTE(x) (sizeof(u32) * (x))
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = to_pcie_pmu(event->pmu);
+ u64 us_per_cycle = readl(pcie_pmu->base + HISI_PCIE_REG_FREQ);
+ u32 idx = hisi_pcie_get_event(event);
+
+ if (!val_ext)
+ return 0;
+
+ /*
+ * The bandwidth, latency, bus utilization and buffer occupancy
+ * are obtained by the (COMMON_COUNTER and EXT_COUNTER). And other
+ * features are obtained by COMMON_COUNTER.
+ */
+ if (is_bw_event(idx)) {
+ if (!val_ext / 1000)
+ return 0;
+
+ /* Process data to set unit of bandwidth as "Byte/ms". */
+ return (CONVERT_DW_TO_BYTE(val)) / (val_ext / 1000);
+ }
+
+ if (is_latency_event(idx))
+ /* Process data to set unit of latency as "us". */
it's not a good programming practice to put comments after an if
statement like this
+ return (val * us_per_cycle) / val_ext;
+
+ if (is_bus_util_event(idx))
+ return (val * us_per_cycle) / val_ext;
+
+ if (is_buf_util_event(idx))
+ return val / (val_ext * us_per_cycle);
+
+ return val;
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_read_counter(struct perf_event *event, u64 *cnt,
+ u64 *cnt_ext)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = to_pcie_pmu(event->pmu);
+ u32 idx = event->hw.idx;
+
+ *cnt = hisi_pcie_pmu_readq(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_CNT, idx);
+ *cnt_ext = hisi_pcie_pmu_readq(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_EXT_CNT, idx);
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_write_counter(struct perf_event *event, u64 val,
+ u64 val_ext)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = to_pcie_pmu(event->pmu);
+ u32 idx = event->hw.idx;
+
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_writeq(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_CNT, idx, val);
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_writeq(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_EXT_CNT, idx, val_ext);
+}
+
+static int hisi_pcie_pmu_get_event_idx(struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu)
+{
+ int idx;
+
+ for (idx = 0; idx < HISI_PCIE_MAX_COUNTERS; idx++) {
+ if (!pcie_pmu->hw_events[idx])
+ return idx;
+ }
+
+ return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_read(struct perf_event *event)
+{
+ struct hw_perf_event *hwc = &event->hw;
+ struct hw_perf_event_extra *hwc_ext = &hwc->extra_reg;
+ u64 new_cnt_ext, prev_cnt_ext;
+ u64 new_cnt, prev_cnt, delta;
+
+ hwc_ext = &hwc->extra_reg;
+ do {
+ prev_cnt = local64_read(&hwc->prev_count);
+ prev_cnt_ext = hwc_ext->config;
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_read_counter(event, &new_cnt, &new_cnt_ext);
+ } while (local64_cmpxchg(&hwc->prev_count, prev_cnt,
+ new_cnt) != prev_cnt);
+
+ hwc_ext->config = new_cnt_ext;
+
+ delta = hisi_pcie_pmu_process_data(event, new_cnt - prev_cnt,
+ new_cnt_ext - prev_cnt_ext);
+ local64_add(delta, &event->count);
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_set_period(struct perf_event *event)
+{
+ struct hw_perf_event *hwc = &event->hw;
+ struct hw_perf_event_extra *hwc_ext;
+ u64 val = BIT_ULL(HISI_PCIE_COUNTER_BITS - 1);
+
+ hwc_ext = &hwc->extra_reg;
+ local64_set(&hwc->prev_count, val);
+ hwc_ext->config = 0;
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_write_counter(event, val, 0);
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_enable_counter(struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu,
+ struct hw_perf_event *hwc)
+{
+ u32 idx = hwc->idx;
+ u64 val;
+
+ val = hisi_pcie_pmu_readq(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_EVENT_CTRL, idx);
+ val |= HISI_PCIE_EVENT_EN;
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_writeq(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_EVENT_CTRL, idx, val);
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_disable_counter(struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu,
+ struct hw_perf_event *hwc)
+{
+ u32 idx = hwc->idx;
+ u64 val;
+
+ val = hisi_pcie_pmu_readq(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_EVENT_CTRL, idx);
+ val &= ~HISI_PCIE_EVENT_EN;
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_writeq(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_EVENT_CTRL, idx, val);
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_enable_int(struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu,
+ struct hw_perf_event *hwc)
+{
+ u32 idx = hwc->idx;
+
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_writel(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_INT_MASK, idx, 0);
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_disable_int(struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu,
+ struct hw_perf_event *hwc)
+{
+ u32 idx = hwc->idx;
+
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_writel(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_INT_MASK, idx, 1);
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_reset_counter(struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu,
+ struct hw_perf_event *hwc)
+{
+ u32 idx = hwc->idx;
+
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_writeq(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_EVENT_CTRL, idx,
+ HISI_PCIE_RESET_CNT);
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_writeq(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_EVENT_CTRL, idx,
+ HISI_PCIE_DEFAULT_SET);
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_start(struct perf_event *event, int flags)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = to_pcie_pmu(event->pmu);
+ struct hw_perf_event *hwc = &event->hw;
+ struct hw_perf_event_extra *hwc_ext;
+ u64 prev_cnt, prev_cnt_ext;
+
+ hwc_ext = &hwc->extra_reg;
+ if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!(hwc->state & PERF_HES_STOPPED)))
+ return;
+
+ WARN_ON_ONCE(!(hwc->state & PERF_HES_UPTODATE));
+ hwc->state = 0;
+
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_config_filter(event);
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_enable_counter(pcie_pmu, hwc);
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_enable_int(pcie_pmu, hwc);
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_set_period(event);
+
+ if (flags & PERF_EF_RELOAD) {
+ prev_cnt = local64_read(&hwc->prev_count);
+ prev_cnt_ext = hwc_ext->config;
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_write_counter(event, prev_cnt, prev_cnt_ext);
+ }
+
+ perf_event_update_userpage(event);
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_stop(struct perf_event *event, int flags)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = to_pcie_pmu(event->pmu);
+ struct hw_perf_event *hwc = &event->hw;
+
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_read(event);
why do this - it just reads a register? and so why not check the return
value?
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_disable_int(pcie_pmu, hwc);
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_disable_counter(pcie_pmu, hwc);
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_clear_filter(event);
+ WARN_ON_ONCE(hwc->state & PERF_HES_STOPPED);
+ hwc->state |= PERF_HES_STOPPED;
+
+ if (hwc->state & PERF_HES_UPTODATE)
+ return;
+
+ hwc->state |= PERF_HES_UPTODATE;
+}
+
+static int hisi_pcie_pmu_add(struct perf_event *event, int flags)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = to_pcie_pmu(event->pmu);
+ struct hw_perf_event *hwc = &event->hw;
+ int idx;
+
+ hwc->state = PERF_HES_STOPPED | PERF_HES_UPTODATE;
+ idx = hisi_pcie_pmu_get_event_idx(pcie_pmu);
+ if (idx < 0)
+ return idx;
+
+ hwc->idx = idx;
+ pcie_pmu->hw_events[idx] = event;
+
+ /* Reset PMC to avoid interference caused by previous statistic. */
what is PMC?
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_reset_counter(pcie_pmu, hwc);
+
+ if (flags & PERF_EF_START)
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_start(event, PERF_EF_RELOAD);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_del(struct perf_event *event, int flags)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = to_pcie_pmu(event->pmu);
+ struct hw_perf_event *hwc = &event->hw;
+
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_stop(event, PERF_EF_UPDATE);
+ pcie_pmu->hw_events[hwc->idx] = NULL;
+ perf_event_update_userpage(event);
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_enable(struct pmu *pmu)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = to_pcie_pmu(pmu);
+ int num;
+
+ for (num = 0; num < HISI_PCIE_MAX_COUNTERS; num++) {
+ if (pcie_pmu->hw_events[num])
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (num == HISI_PCIE_MAX_COUNTERS)
+ return;
+
+ writel(HISI_PCIE_GLOBAL_EN, pcie_pmu->base + HISI_PCIE_GLOBAL_CTRL);
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_disable(struct pmu *pmu)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = to_pcie_pmu(pmu);
+
+ writel(HISI_PCIE_GLOBAL_NONE, pcie_pmu->base + HISI_PCIE_GLOBAL_CTRL);
+}
+
+static irqreturn_t hisi_pcie_pmu_irq(int irq, void *data)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = data;
+ irqreturn_t ret = IRQ_NONE;
+ struct perf_event *event;
+ u32 overflown;
+ int idx;
+
+ for (idx = 0; idx < HISI_PCIE_MAX_COUNTERS; idx++) {
+ overflown = hisi_pcie_pmu_readl(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_INT_STAT,
+ idx);
+ if (!overflown)
+ continue;
+
+ /* Clear status of interrupt. */
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_writel(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_INT_STAT, idx, 1);
+ event = pcie_pmu->hw_events[idx];
+ if (!event)
+ continue;
+
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_read(event);
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_set_period(event);
+ ret = IRQ_HANDLED;
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static int hisi_pcie_pmu_irq_register(struct pci_dev *pdev,
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu)
+{
+ int irq, ret;
+
+ ret = pci_alloc_irq_vectors(pdev, 1, 1, PCI_IRQ_MSI);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ pci_err(pdev, "Failed to enable MSI vectors, ret = %d!\n", ret);
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ irq = pci_irq_vector(pdev, 0);
+ ret = request_irq(irq, hisi_pcie_pmu_irq, IRQF_SHARED, "hisi_pcie_pmu",
is this interrupt line really shared?
+ pcie_pmu);
+ if (ret) {
+ pci_err(pdev, "Failed to register irq, ret = %d!\n", ret);
+ pci_free_irq_vectors(pdev);
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ pcie_pmu->irq = irq;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_irq_unregister(struct pci_dev *pdev,
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu)
+{
+ free_irq(pcie_pmu->irq, pcie_pmu);
+ pci_free_irq_vectors(pdev);
+}
+
+static int hisi_pcie_pmu_online_cpu(unsigned int cpu, struct hlist_node *node)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = hlist_entry_safe(node,
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu, node);
+
+ if (cpumask_empty(&pcie_pmu->cpumask)) {
+ cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, &pcie_pmu->cpumask);
+ WARN_ON(irq_set_affinity_hint(pcie_pmu->irq, cpumask_of(cpu)));
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int hisi_pcie_pmu_offline_cpu(unsigned int cpu, struct hlist_node *node)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu = hlist_entry_safe(node,
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu, node);
+ unsigned int target;
+
+ if (!cpumask_test_and_clear_cpu(cpu, &pcie_pmu->cpumask))
I do wonder why we even need maintain pcie_pmu->cpumask
Can't we just use cpu_online_mask as appropiate instead?
+ return 0;
+
+ /* Choose a new CPU from all online cpus. */
+ target = cpumask_any_but(cpu_online_mask, cpu);
+ if (target >= nr_cpu_ids)
+ return 0;
+
+ perf_pmu_migrate_context(&pcie_pmu->pmu, cpu, target);
+ WARN_ON(irq_set_affinity_hint(pcie_pmu->irq, cpumask_of(target)));
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Events with the "dl" suffix in their names count performance in DL layer,
+ * otherswise, events count performance in TL layer.
+ */
+static struct attribute *hisi_pcie_pmu_events_attr[] = {
+ HISI_PMU_EVENT_ATTR(bw_rx_mwr, 0x0104),
+ HISI_PMU_EVENT_ATTR(bw_rx_mrd, 0x1005),
+ HISI_PMU_EVENT_ATTR(bw_tx_mwr, 0x0105),
+ HISI_PMU_EVENT_ATTR(bw_tx_mrd, 0x2004),
+ HISI_PMU_EVENT_ATTR(lat_rx_mwr, 0x0010),
+ HISI_PMU_EVENT_ATTR(lat_rx_mrd, 0x0210),
+ HISI_PMU_EVENT_ATTR(lat_tx_mrd, 0x0011),
+ HISI_PMU_EVENT_ATTR(lat_tx_cfg, 0x0111),
+ HISI_PMU_EVENT_ATTR(bw_rx_dl, 0x0184),
+ HISI_PMU_EVENT_ATTR(bw_tx_dl, 0x0384),
it would be nice to see JSONs for these as well with full event descriptions
+ NULL
+};
+
+static struct attribute_group hisi_pcie_pmu_events_group = {
+ .name = "events",
+ .attrs = hisi_pcie_pmu_events_attr,
+};
+
+static struct attribute *hisi_pcie_pmu_format_attr[] = {
+ HISI_PMU_FORMAT_ATTR(event, "config:0-7"),
+ HISI_PMU_FORMAT_ATTR(subevent, "config:8-15"),
+ HISI_PMU_FORMAT_ATTR(thr_len, "config1:0-3"),
+ HISI_PMU_FORMAT_ATTR(thr_mode, "config1:4"),
+ HISI_PMU_FORMAT_ATTR(trig_len, "config1:5-8"),
+ HISI_PMU_FORMAT_ATTR(trig_mode, "config1:9"),
+ HISI_PMU_FORMAT_ATTR(port, "config2:0-15"),
+ HISI_PMU_FORMAT_ATTR(bdf, "config2:16-31"),
+ NULL
+};
+
+static struct attribute_group hisi_pcie_pmu_format_group = {
+ .name = "format",
+ .attrs = hisi_pcie_pmu_format_attr,
+};
+
+static struct device_attribute hisi_pcie_pmu_bus_attr =
+ __ATTR(bus, 0444, hisi_pcie_bus_show, NULL);
+
+static struct attribute *hisi_pcie_pmu_bus_attrs[] = {
+ &hisi_pcie_pmu_bus_attr.attr,
+ NULL
+};
+
+static struct attribute_group hisi_pcie_pmu_bus_attr_group = {
+ .attrs = hisi_pcie_pmu_bus_attrs,
+};
+
+static struct device_attribute hisi_pcie_pmu_cpumask_attr =
+ __ATTR(cpumask, 0444, hisi_pcie_cpumask_show, NULL);
+
+static struct attribute *hisi_pcie_pmu_cpumask_attrs[] = {
+ &hisi_pcie_pmu_cpumask_attr.attr,
+ NULL
+};
+
+static struct attribute_group hisi_pcie_pmu_cpumask_attr_group = {
+ .attrs = hisi_pcie_pmu_cpumask_attrs,
+};
+
+static struct device_attribute hisi_pcie_pmu_identifier_attr =
+ __ATTR(identifier, 0444, hisi_pcie_identifier_show, NULL);
+
+static struct attribute *hisi_pcie_pmu_identifier_attrs[] = {
+ &hisi_pcie_pmu_identifier_attr.attr,
+ NULL
+};
+
+static struct attribute_group hisi_pcie_pmu_identifier_attr_group = {
+ .attrs = hisi_pcie_pmu_identifier_attrs,
+};
+
+static const struct attribute_group *hisi_pcie_pmu_attr_groups[] = {
+ &hisi_pcie_pmu_events_group,
+ &hisi_pcie_pmu_format_group,
+ &hisi_pcie_pmu_bus_attr_group,
+ &hisi_pcie_pmu_cpumask_attr_group,
+ &hisi_pcie_pmu_identifier_attr_group,
+ NULL
+};
+
+static int hisi_pcie_alloc_pmu(struct pci_dev *pdev,
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu)
+{
+ u16 sicl_id, device_id;
+ char *name;
+
+ pcie_pmu->base = pci_ioremap_bar(pdev, 2);
+ if (!pcie_pmu->base) {
+ pci_err(pdev, "Ioremap failed for pcie_pmu resource.\n");
+ return -ENOMEM;
+ }
+
+ hisi_pcie_parse_data(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_REG_BDF, &pcie_pmu->bdf_min,
+ &pcie_pmu->bdf_max);
+ hisi_pcie_parse_data(pcie_pmu, HISI_PCIE_REG_INFO, &device_id,
+ &sicl_id);
+ name = devm_kasprintf(&pdev->dev, GFP_KERNEL,
+ "hisi_pcie%u_%u", sicl_id, device_id);
+ if (!name) {
+ pci_err(pdev, "Failed to allocate name for PMU.\n");
no need for that log
+ return -ENOMEM;
+ }
+
+ pcie_pmu->pdev = pdev;
+ pcie_pmu->identifier = readl(pcie_pmu->base + HISI_PCIE_REG_VERSION);
+ pcie_pmu->pmu = (struct pmu) {
+ .name = name,
+ .module = THIS_MODULE,
+ .event_init = hisi_pcie_pmu_event_init,
+ .pmu_enable = hisi_pcie_pmu_enable,
+ .pmu_disable = hisi_pcie_pmu_disable,
+ .add = hisi_pcie_pmu_add,
+ .del = hisi_pcie_pmu_del,
+ .start = hisi_pcie_pmu_start,
+ .stop = hisi_pcie_pmu_stop,
+ .read = hisi_pcie_pmu_read,
+ .task_ctx_nr = perf_invalid_context,
+ .attr_groups = hisi_pcie_pmu_attr_groups,
+ .capabilities = PERF_PMU_CAP_NO_EXCLUDE,
+ };
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int hisi_pcie_init_pmu(struct pci_dev *pdev,
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu)
+{
+ int ret;
+
+ ret = hisi_pcie_alloc_pmu(pdev, pcie_pmu);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ ret = hisi_pcie_pmu_irq_register(pdev, pcie_pmu);
+ if (ret)
+ goto err_set_pmu_fail;
+
+ ret = cpuhp_state_add_instance(CPUHP_AP_PERF_ARM_HISI_PCIE_PMU_ONLINE,
+ &pcie_pmu->node);
+ if (ret) {
+ pci_err(pdev, "Failed to register hotplug, ret = %d.\n", ret);
+ goto err_irq_unregister;
+ }
+
+ ret = perf_pmu_register(&pcie_pmu->pmu, pcie_pmu->pmu.name, -1);
+ if (ret) {
+ pci_err(pdev, "Failed to register PCIe PMU, ret = %d.\n", ret);
+ goto err_hotplug_unregister;
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+
+err_hotplug_unregister:
+ cpuhp_state_remove_instance(CPUHP_AP_PERF_ARM_HISI_PCIE_PMU_ONLINE,
+ &pcie_pmu->node);
+ irq_set_affinity_hint(pcie_pmu->irq, NULL);
+
+err_irq_unregister:
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_irq_unregister(pdev, pcie_pmu);
+
+err_set_pmu_fail:
+ iounmap(pcie_pmu->base);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_uninit_pmu(struct pci_dev *pdev,
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu)
+{
+ perf_pmu_unregister(&pcie_pmu->pmu);
+ cpuhp_state_remove_instance(CPUHP_AP_PERF_ARM_HISI_PCIE_PMU_ONLINE,
+ &pcie_pmu->node);
+ irq_set_affinity_hint(pcie_pmu->irq, NULL);
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_irq_unregister(pdev, pcie_pmu);
+ iounmap(pcie_pmu->base);
+}
+
+static int hisi_pcie_init_dev(struct pci_dev *pdev)
+{
+ int ret;
+
+ ret = pci_enable_device(pdev);
+ if (ret) {
+ pci_err(pdev, "Failed to enable pci device, ret = %d.\n", ret);
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ ret = pci_request_mem_regions(pdev, "hisi_pcie_pmu");
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ pci_err(pdev, "Failed to request pci mem regions, ret = %d.\n",
+ ret);
+ pci_disable_device(pdev);
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ pci_set_master(pdev);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_uninit_dev(struct pci_dev *pdev)
+{
+ pci_clear_master(pdev);
+ pci_release_mem_regions(pdev);
+ pci_disable_device(pdev);
+}
+
+static int hisi_pcie_pmu_probe(struct pci_dev *pdev,
+ const struct pci_device_id *id)
+{
+ struct hisi_pcie_pmu *pcie_pmu;
+ int ret;
+
+ pcie_pmu = devm_kzalloc(&pdev->dev, sizeof(*pcie_pmu), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!pcie_pmu)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ ret = hisi_pcie_init_dev(pdev);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ ret = hisi_pcie_init_pmu(pdev, pcie_pmu);
+ if (ret)
+ hisi_pcie_uninit_dev(pdev);
+
+ pci_set_drvdata(pdev, pcie_pmu);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static void hisi_pcie_pmu_remove(struct pci_dev *pdev)
+{
+ hisi_pcie_uninit_pmu(pdev, pci_get_drvdata(pdev));
passing both pdev and pci_get_drvdata(pdev) should not be needed
+ hisi_pcie_uninit_dev(pdev);
+ pci_set_drvdata(pdev, NULL); > +}
+
+static const struct pci_device_id hisi_pcie_pmu_ids[] = {
+ { PCI_DEVICE(PCI_VENDOR_ID_HUAWEI, 0xa12d) },
+ { 0, }
+};
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pci, hisi_pcie_pmu_ids);
+
+static struct pci_driver hisi_pcie_pmu_driver = {
+ .name = "hisi_pcie_pmu",
+ .id_table = hisi_pcie_pmu_ids,
+ .probe = hisi_pcie_pmu_probe,
+ .remove = hisi_pcie_pmu_remove,
+};
+
+static int __init hisi_pcie_module_init(void)
+{
+ int ret;
+
+ ret = cpuhp_setup_state_multi(CPUHP_AP_PERF_ARM_HISI_PCIE_PMU_ONLINE,
+ "AP_PERF_ARM_HISI_PCIE_PMU_ONLINE",
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_online_cpu,
+ hisi_pcie_pmu_offline_cpu);
+ if (ret) {
+ pr_err("Failed to setup PCIE PMU hotplug, ret = %d.\n", ret);
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ ret = pci_register_driver(&hisi_pcie_pmu_driver);
+ if (ret)
+ cpuhp_remove_multi_state(
+ CPUHP_AP_PERF_ARM_HISI_PCIE_PMU_ONLINE);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+module_init(hisi_pcie_module_init);
+
+static void __exit hisi_pcie_module_exit(void)
+{
+ pci_unregister_driver(&hisi_pcie_pmu_driver);
+ cpuhp_remove_multi_state(CPUHP_AP_PERF_ARM_HISI_PCIE_PMU_ONLINE);
+}
+module_exit(hisi_pcie_module_exit);
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("HiSilicon PCIe PMU driver");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Qi Liu <liuqi115@xxxxxxxxxx>");
diff --git a/include/linux/cpuhotplug.h b/include/linux/cpuhotplug.h
index 113f51f..c17861a 100644
--- a/include/linux/cpuhotplug.h
+++ b/include/linux/cpuhotplug.h
@@ -174,6 +174,7 @@ enum cpuhp_state {
CPUHP_AP_PERF_ARM_HISI_DDRC_ONLINE,
CPUHP_AP_PERF_ARM_HISI_HHA_ONLINE,
CPUHP_AP_PERF_ARM_HISI_L3_ONLINE,
+ CPUHP_AP_PERF_ARM_HISI_PCIE_PMU_ONLINE,
CPUHP_AP_PERF_ARM_L2X0_ONLINE,
CPUHP_AP_PERF_ARM_QCOM_L2_ONLINE,
CPUHP_AP_PERF_ARM_QCOM_L3_ONLINE,
