>I started looking for workloads to profile but then lost interest. >The current code can theoretically end up walking through a lot of >partially used blocks if a string of allocations never fit any of >them. The number of these blocks depends on previous allocations that >leave them unusable for future allocations and whether any other >vmalloc/vmap user recently flushed them all. So it's painful to think >about it and hard to impossible to pin down should this ever actually >result in a performance problem. vm_map_ram() is allowed to be called by external kernel module. I profiled some kernel module as bellow perf log. Its mapping behavior was most of the workload. yes, we can improve its inefficient mapping. But, This shows the allocation bitmap has the potential to cause significant overhead. # Overhead Command Shared Object Symbol # ........ ............... ................... ............................................. # 42.74% XXXXXXTextureSc [kernel.kallsyms] [k] __reg_op | --- __reg_op | |--5.39%-- 0xaf57de00 | | | --100.00%-- malloc | |--2.35%-- 0xaf57da00 | | | --100.00%-- malloc | |--2.10%-- 0xaf57ce00 | | | --100.00%-- malloc | |--1.46%-- 0xaf57c800 | | | --100.00%-- malloc | |--1.43%-- 0xaf57dc00 | | | --100.00%-- malloc | |--1.36%-- 0xaf57c200 | | | --100.00%-- malloc | |--1.34%-- 0xaf57c000 | | | --100.00%-- malloc | |--1.26%-- 0xae915400 | | | --100.00%-- malloc | |--0.80%-- 0xae914200 | | | --100.00%-- malloc | |--0.79%-- 0xaf57ca00 | | | --100.00%-- malloc | |--0.67%-- 0xaf57d000 | | | --100.00%-- malloc | |--0.52%-- 0xaf57cc00 | | | --100.00%-- malloc --80.54%-- [...] 17.39% XXXXXXTextureSc [kernel.kallsyms] [k] bitmap_find_free_region | --- bitmap_find_free_region | |--99.93%-- vm_map_ram | 0x7f00097c | 0x7f00985c | | | |--99.79%-- 0x7f009948 | | | | | |--50.24%-- 0x7f00ab90 | | | 0x7f006c50 | | | 0x7f00e948 | | | 0x7f019630 | | | 0x7f00f0ac | | | 0x7f002384 | | | vfs_ioctl | | | do_vfs_ioctl | | | sys_ioctl | | | ret_fast_syscall | | | | | |--49.60%-- 0x7f00acfc | | | 0x7f006bfc | | | 0x7f018fac | | | 0x7f00f0ac | | | 0x7f002384 | | | vfs_ioctl | | | do_vfs_ioctl | | | sys_ioctl | | | ret_fast_syscall | | | malloc | | --0.16%-- [...] ... Thanks Chanho Min -- To unsubscribe, send a message with 'unsubscribe linux-mm' in the body to majordomo@xxxxxxxxx. For more info on Linux MM, see: http://www.linux-mm.org/ . Don't email: <a href=mailto:"dont@xxxxxxxxx"> email@xxxxxxxxx </a>