Add support for broadcast TLB invalidation using AMD's INVLPGB instruction. This allows the kernel to invalidate TLB entries on remote CPUs without needing to send IPIs, without having to wait for remote CPUs to handle those interrupts, and with less interruption to what was running on those CPUs. Because x86 PCID space is limited, and there are some very large systems out there, broadcast TLB invalidation is only used for processes that are active on 3 or more CPUs, with the threshold being gradually increased the more the PCID space gets exhausted. Combined with the removal of unnecessary lru_add_drain calls (see https://lkml.org/lkml/2024/12/19/1388) this results in a nice performance boost for the will-it-scale tlb_flush2_threads test on an AMD Milan system with 36 cores: - vanilla kernel: 527k loops/second - lru_add_drain removal: 731k loops/second - only INVLPGB: 527k loops/second - lru_add_drain + INVLPGB: 1157k loops/second Profiling with only the INVLPGB changes showed while TLB invalidation went down from 40% of the total CPU time to only around 4% of CPU time, the contention simply moved to the LRU lock. Fixing both at the same time about doubles the number of iterations per second from this case. Some numbers closer to real world performance can be found at Phoronix, thanks to Michael: https://www.phoronix.com/news/AMD-INVLPGB-Linux-Benefits The code is now in a state where I am not sure what else needs to be done before it can be merged. If you can think of something, please let me know ;) v5: - use byte assembly for compatibility with older toolchains (Borislav, Michael) - ensure a panic on an invalid number of extra pages (Dave, Tom) - add cant_migrate() assertion to tlbsync (Jann) - a bunch more cleanups (Nadav) - key TCE enabling off X86_FEATURE_TCE (Andrew) - fix a race between reclaim and ASID transition (Jann) v4: - Use only bitmaps to track free global ASIDs (Nadav) - Improved AMD initialization (Borislav & Tom) - Various naming and documentation improvements (Peter, Nadav, Tom, Dave) - Fixes for subtle race conditions (Jann) v3: - Remove paravirt tlb_remove_table call (thank you Qi Zheng) - More suggested cleanups and changelog fixes by Peter and Nadav v2: - Apply suggestions by Peter and Borislav (thank you!) - Fix bug in arch_tlbbatch_flush, where we need to do both the TLBSYNC, and flush the CPUs that are in the cpumask. - Some updates to comments and changelogs based on questions.
