Use __GFP_COMP for gigantic folios can greatly reduce not only the amount of code but also the allocation and free time. Approximate LOC to mm/hugetlb.c: +60, -240 Allocate and free 500 1GB hugeTLB memory without HVO by: time echo 500 >/sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-1048576kB/nr_hugepages time echo 0 >/sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-1048576kB/nr_hugepages Before After Alloc ~13s ~10s Free ~15s <1s The above magnitude generally holds for multiple x86 and arm64 CPU models. Perf profile before: Alloc - 99.99% alloc_pool_huge_folio - __alloc_fresh_hugetlb_folio - 83.23% alloc_contig_pages_noprof - 47.46% alloc_contig_range_noprof - 20.96% isolate_freepages_range 16.10% split_page - 14.10% start_isolate_page_range - 12.02% undo_isolate_page_range Free - update_and_free_pages_bulk - 87.71% free_contig_range - 76.02% free_unref_page - 41.30% free_unref_page_commit - 32.58% free_pcppages_bulk - 24.75% __free_one_page 13.96% _raw_spin_trylock 12.27% __update_and_free_hugetlb_folio Perf profile after: Alloc - 99.99% alloc_pool_huge_folio alloc_gigantic_folio - alloc_contig_pages_noprof - 59.15% alloc_contig_range_noprof - 20.72% start_isolate_page_range 20.64% prep_new_page - 17.13% undo_isolate_page_range Free - update_and_free_pages_bulk - __folio_put - __free_pages_ok 7.46% free_tail_page_prepare - 1.97% free_one_page 1.86% __free_one_page Yu Zhao (3): mm/contig_alloc: support __GFP_COMP mm/cma: add cma_{alloc,free}_folio() mm/hugetlb: use __GFP_COMP for gigantic folios include/linux/cma.h | 16 +++ include/linux/gfp.h | 23 ++++ include/linux/hugetlb.h | 9 +- mm/cma.c | 55 ++++++-- mm/compaction.c | 41 +----- mm/hugetlb.c | 293 ++++++++-------------------------------- mm/page_alloc.c | 111 ++++++++++----- 7 files changed, 226 insertions(+), 322 deletions(-) -- 2.46.0.76.ge559c4bf1a-goog