Re: [PATCH hotfix] mm: fix crashes from deferred split racing folio migration

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On 2024/7/2 15:40, Hugh Dickins wrote:
Even on 6.10-rc6, I've been seeing elusive "Bad page state"s (often on
flags when freeing, yet the flags shown are not bad: PG_locked had been
set and cleared??), and VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page_ref_count(page) == 0)s from
deferred_split_scan()'s folio_put(), and a variety of other BUG and WARN
symptoms implying double free by deferred split and large folio migration.

6.7 commit 9bcef5973e31 ("mm: memcg: fix split queue list crash when large
folio migration") was right to fix the memcg-dependent locking broken in
85ce2c517ade ("memcontrol: only transfer the memcg data for migration"),
but missed a subtlety of deferred_split_scan(): it moves folios to its own
local list to work on them without split_queue_lock, during which time
folio->_deferred_list is not empty, but even the "right" lock does nothing
to secure the folio and the list it is on.

Fortunately, deferred_split_scan() is careful to use folio_try_get(): so
folio_migrate_mapping() can avoid the race by folio_undo_large_rmappable()
while the old folio's reference count is temporarily frozen to 0 - adding
such a freeze in the !mapping case too (originally, folio lock and
unmapping and no swap cache left an anon folio unreachable, so no freezing
was needed there: but the deferred split queue offers a way to reach it).

Thanks Hugh.

But after reading your analysis, I am concerned that the folio_undo_large_rmappable() and deferred_split_scan() may still encounter a race condition with the local list, even with your patch.

Suppose folio A has already been queued into the local list in deferred_split_scan() by thread A, but fails to 'folio_trylock' and then releases the reference count. At the same time, folio A can be frozen by another thread B in folio_migrate_mapping(). In such a case, folio_undo_large_rmappable() would remove folio A from the local list without *any* lock protection, creating a race condition with the local list iteration in deferred_split_scan().

Anyway, I think this patch can still fix some possible races. Feel free to add:
Reviewed-by: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>


Fixes: 9bcef5973e31 ("mm: memcg: fix split queue list crash when large folio migration")
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: stable@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
---
This patch against 6.10-rc6: Kefeng has commits in the mm-tree which
which will need adjustment to go over this, but we can both check the
result.  I have wondered whether just reverting 85ce2c517ade and its
subsequent fixups would be better: but that would be a bigger job,
and probably not the right choice.

  mm/memcontrol.c | 11 -----------
  mm/migrate.c    | 13 +++++++++++++
  2 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c
index 71fe2a95b8bd..8f2f1bb18c9c 100644
--- a/mm/memcontrol.c
+++ b/mm/memcontrol.c
@@ -7823,17 +7823,6 @@ void mem_cgroup_migrate(struct folio *old, struct folio *new)
/* Transfer the charge and the css ref */
  	commit_charge(new, memcg);
-	/*
-	 * If the old folio is a large folio and is in the split queue, it needs
-	 * to be removed from the split queue now, in case getting an incorrect
-	 * split queue in destroy_large_folio() after the memcg of the old folio
-	 * is cleared.
-	 *
-	 * In addition, the old folio is about to be freed after migration, so
-	 * removing from the split queue a bit earlier seems reasonable.
-	 */
-	if (folio_test_large(old) && folio_test_large_rmappable(old))
-		folio_undo_large_rmappable(old);
  	old->memcg_data = 0;
  }
diff --git a/mm/migrate.c b/mm/migrate.c
index 20cb9f5f7446..a8c6f466e33a 100644
--- a/mm/migrate.c
+++ b/mm/migrate.c
@@ -415,6 +415,15 @@ int folio_migrate_mapping(struct address_space *mapping,
  		if (folio_ref_count(folio) != expected_count)
  			return -EAGAIN;
+ /* Take off deferred split queue while frozen and memcg set */
+		if (folio_test_large(folio) &&
+		    folio_test_large_rmappable(folio)) {
+			if (!folio_ref_freeze(folio, expected_count))
+				return -EAGAIN;
+			folio_undo_large_rmappable(folio);
+			folio_ref_unfreeze(folio, expected_count);
+		}
+
  		/* No turning back from here */
  		newfolio->index = folio->index;
  		newfolio->mapping = folio->mapping;
@@ -433,6 +442,10 @@ int folio_migrate_mapping(struct address_space *mapping,
  		return -EAGAIN;
  	}
+ /* Take off deferred split queue while frozen and memcg set */
+	if (folio_test_large(folio) && folio_test_large_rmappable(folio))
+		folio_undo_large_rmappable(folio);
+
  	/*
  	 * Now we know that no one else is looking at the folio:
  	 * no turning back from here.




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