Both the file pages and anonymous pages support large folio, high-order pages except PMD_ORDER will also be allocated frequently which could increase the zone lock contention, allow high-order pages on pcp lists could reduce the big zone lock contention, but as commit 44042b449872 ("mm/page_alloc: allow high-order pages to be stored on the per-cpu lists") pointed, it may not win in all the scenes, add a new control sysfs to enable or disable specified high-order pages stored on PCP lists, the order (PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY_ORDER, PMD_ORDER) won't be stored on PCP list by default. With perf lock tools, the lock contention from will-it-scale page_fault1 (with 90 tasks run 10s, hugepage-2048KB never, hugepage-64K always) show below(only care about zone spinlock and pcp spinlock), Without patches, contended total wait max wait avg wait type caller 713 4.64 ms 74.37 us 6.51 us spinlock __alloc_pages+0x23c With patches, contended total wait max wait avg wait type caller 2 25.66 us 16.31 us 12.83 us spinlock rmqueue_pcplist+0x2b0 Similar results on shell8 from unixbench, Without patches, 4942 901.09 ms 1.31 ms 182.33 us spinlock __alloc_pages+0x23c 1556 298.76 ms 1.23 ms 192.01 us spinlock rmqueue_pcplist+0x2b0 991 182.73 ms 879.80 us 184.39 us spinlock rmqueue_pcplist+0x2b0 With patches, contended total wait max wait avg wait type caller 988 187.63 ms 855.18 us 189.91 us spinlock rmqueue_pcplist+0x2b0 505 88.99 ms 793.27 us 176.21 us spinlock rmqueue_pcplist+0x2b0 The Benchmarks Score shows a little improvoment(0.28%) from shell8, but the zone lock from __alloc_pages() disappeared. Kefeng Wang (3): mm: prepare more high-order pages to be stored on the per-cpu lists mm: add control to allow specified high-order pages stored on PCP list mm: pcp: show each order page count Documentation/admin-guide/mm/transhuge.rst | 11 ++++ include/linux/gfp.h | 1 + include/linux/huge_mm.h | 1 + include/linux/mmzone.h | 10 ++- include/linux/vmstat.h | 19 ++++++ mm/Kconfig.debug | 8 +++ mm/huge_memory.c | 74 ++++++++++++++++++++++ mm/page_alloc.c | 30 +++++++-- mm/vmstat.c | 16 +++++ 9 files changed, 164 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) -- 2.27.0