The existed pGp shows the names of page flags only, rather than the full information including section, node, zone, last cpuipid and kasan tag. While it is not easy to parse these information manually because there are so many flavors. We'd better interpret them in printf. To avoid breaking some tools which parsing pGp via debugfs or affecting the printf buffer, other new formats are introduced, so the user can choose what and in which order they want, suggested by Andy. These new introduced format as follows, pGpb: print other information first and then the names of page flags pGpl: print the names of page flags first and then the other info The differece between them looks like the difference between big-endian and little-endian, that's why they are named like that. The examples of the output as follows, %pGpb 0x17ffffc0010200(node=0|zone=2|lastcpupid=0x1fffff|slab|head) %pGpl 0x17ffffc0010200(slab|head|node=0|zone=2|lastcpupid=0x1fffff) To be compitable with the existed format of pGp, the new introduced ones also use '|' as the separator, then the user tools parsing pGp won't need to make change, suggested by Matthew. The doc and test cases are also updated. Below is the output of the test cases, [ 4299.847655] test_printf: loaded. [ 4299.848301] test_printf: all 404 tests passed [ 4299.850371] test_printf: unloaded. This patchset also includes some code cleanup in mm/slub.c. v3: - coding improvement, per Joe and Andy - the possible impact on debugfs and the fix of it, per Joe and Matthew - introduce new format instead of changing pGp, per Andy v2: - various coding improvement, per Joe, Miaohe, Vlastimil and Andy - remove the prefix completely in patch #2, per Vlastimil - Update the test cases, per Andy Yafang Shao (3): mm, slub: use pGp to print page flags mm, slub: don't combine pr_err with INFO vsprintf: introduce new format to dump full information of page flags Documentation/core-api/printk-formats.rst | 2 + lib/test_printf.c | 126 +++++++++++++++++++--- lib/vsprintf.c | 115 +++++++++++++++++++- mm/slub.c | 13 +-- 4 files changed, 233 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-) -- 2.17.1