I noticed this code in alloc_user_pages() in drivers/staging/media/atomisp/pci/hmm/hmm_bo.c: /* * Convert user space virtual address into pages list */ static int alloc_user_pages(struct hmm_buffer_object *bo, const void __user *userptr, bool cached) { int page_nr; int i; struct vm_area_struct *vma; struct page **pages; pages = [...] [...] mmap_read_lock(current->mm); vma = find_vma(current->mm, (unsigned long)userptr); mmap_read_unlock(current->mm); if (!vma) { [...] return -EFAULT; } [...] /* * Handle frame buffer allocated in other kerenl space driver * and map to user space */ [...] if (vma->vm_flags & (VM_IO | VM_PFNMAP)) { page_nr = pin_user_pages((unsigned long)userptr, bo->pgnr, FOLL_LONGTERM | FOLL_WRITE, pages, NULL); bo->mem_type = HMM_BO_MEM_TYPE_PFN; } else { /*Handle frame buffer allocated in user space*/ [...] page_nr = get_user_pages_fast((unsigned long)userptr, (int)(bo->pgnr), 1, pages); [...] } [...] } This code looks extremely dodgy to me. After mmap_read_unlock(current->mm), the vma can be freed, and the following access to vma->vm_flags can be a use-after-free. Also, pin_user_pages() must be called with the mmap lock held, and you're calling it without holding that lock.