On Thu, Sep 17, 2020 at 12:39 AM Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote: > > On Wed, Sep 16, 2020 at 11:43:02PM +0200, Daniel Vetter wrote: > > On Wed, Sep 16, 2020 at 10:58 PM Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote: > > > > > > On Wed, Sep 16, 2020 at 10:29:06PM +0200, Daniel Vetter wrote: > > > > On Wed, Sep 16, 2020 at 5:29 PM Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote: > > > > > > > > > > On Wed, Sep 16, 2020 at 09:37:17AM +0200, Daniel Vetter wrote: > > > > > > On Tue, Sep 15, 2020 at 7:35 PM Linus Torvalds > > > > > > <torvalds@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote: > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Tue, Sep 15, 2020 at 1:39 AM Thomas Gleixner <tglx@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote: > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > OTOH, having a working 'preemptible()' or maybe better named > > > > > > > > 'can_schedule()' check makes tons of sense to make decisions about > > > > > > > > allocation modes or other things. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > No. I think that those kinds of decisions about actual behavior are > > > > > > > always simply fundamentally wrong. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Note that this is very different from having warnings about invalid > > > > > > > use. THAT is correct. It may not warn in all configurations, but that > > > > > > > doesn't matter: what matters is that it warns in common enough > > > > > > > configurations that developers will catch it. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > So having a warning in "might_sleep()" that doesn't always trigger, > > > > > > > because you have a limited configuration that can't even detect the > > > > > > > situation, that's fine and dandy and intentional. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > But having code like > > > > > > > > > > > > > > if (can_schedule()) > > > > > > > .. do something different .. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > is fundamentally complete and utter garbage. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > It's one thing if you test for "am I in hardware interrupt context". > > > > > > > Those tests aren't great either, but at least they make sense. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > But a driver - or some library routine - making a difference based on > > > > > > > some nebulous "can I schedule" is fundamentally and basically WRONG. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > If some code changes behavior, it needs to be explicit to the *caller* > > > > > > > of that code. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > So this is why GFP_ATOMIC is fine, but "if (!can_schedule()) > > > > > > > do_something_atomic()" is pure shite. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > And I am not IN THE LEAST interested in trying to help people doing > > > > > > > pure shite. We need to fix them. Like the crypto code is getting > > > > > > > fixed. > > > > > > > > > > > > Just figured I'll throw my +1 in from reading too many (gpu) drivers. > > > > > > Code that tries to cleverly adjust its behaviour depending upon the > > > > > > context it's running in is harder to understand and blows up in more > > > > > > interesting ways. We still have drm_can_sleep() and it's mostly just > > > > > > used for debug code, and I've largely ended up just deleting > > > > > > everything that used it because when you're driver is blowing up the > > > > > > last thing you want is to realize your debug code and output can't be > > > > > > relied upon. Or worse, that the only Oops you have is the one in the > > > > > > debug code, because the real one scrolled away - the original idea > > > > > > behind drm_can_sleep was to make all the modeset code work > > > > > > automagically both in normal ioctl/kworker context and in the panic > > > > > > handlers or kgdb callbacks. Wishful thinking at best. > > > > > > > > > > > > Also at least for me that extends to everything, e.g. I much prefer > > > > > > explicit spin_lock and spin_lock_irq vs magic spin_lock_irqsave for > > > > > > locks shared with interrupt handlers, since the former two gives me > > > > > > clear information from which contexts such function can be called. > > > > > > Other end is the memalloc_no*_save/restore functions, where I recently > > > > > > made a real big fool of myself because I didn't realize how much that > > > > > > impacts everything that's run within - suddenly "GFP_KERNEL for small > > > > > > stuff never fails" is wrong everywhere. > > > > > > > > > > > > It's all great for debugging and sanity checks (and we run with all > > > > > > that stuff enabled in our CI), but really semantic changes depending > > > > > > upon magic context checks freak my out :-) > > > > > > > > > > All fair, but some of us need to write code that must handle being > > > > > invoked from a wide variety of contexts. Now perhaps you like the idea of > > > > > call_rcu() for schedulable contexts, call_rcu_nosched() when preemption > > > > > is disabled, call_rcu_irqs_are_disabled() when interrupts are disabled, > > > > > call_rcu_raw_atomic() from contexts where (for example) raw spinlocks > > > > > are held, and so on. However, from what I can see, most people instead > > > > > consistently prefer that the RCU API instead be consolidated. > > > > > > > > > > Some in-flight cache-efficiency work for kvfree_rcu() and call_rcu() > > > > > needs to be able to allocate memory occasionally. It can do that when > > > > > invoked from some contexts, but not when invoked from others. Right now, > > > > > in !PREEMPT kernels, it cannot tell, and must either do things to the > > > > > memory allocators that some of the MM hate or must unnecessarily invoke > > > > > workqueues. Thomas's patches would allow the code to just allocate in > > > > > the common case when these primitives are invoked from contexts where > > > > > allocation is permitted. > > > > > > > > > > If we want to restrict access to the can_schedule() or whatever primitive, > > > > > fine and good. We can add a check to checkpatch.pl, for example. Maybe > > > > > we can go back to the old brlock approach of requiring certain people's > > > > > review for each addition to the kernel. > > > > > > > > > > But there really are use cases that it would greatly help. > > > > > > > > We can deadlock in random fun places if random stuff we're calling > > > > suddenly starts allocating. Sometimes. Maybe once in a blue moon, to > > > > make it extra fun to reproduce. Maybe most driver subsystems are less > > > > brittle, but gpu drivers definitely need to know about the details for > > > > exactly this example. And yes gpu drivers use rcu for freeing > > > > dma_fence structures, and that tends to happen in code that we only > > > > recently figured out should really not allocate memory. > > > > > > > > I think minimally you need to throw in an unconditional > > > > fs_reclaim_acquire();fs_reclaim_release(); so that everyone who runs > > > > with full debugging knows what might happen. It's kinda like > > > > might_sleep, but a lot more specific. might_sleep() alone is not > > > > enough, because in the specific code paths I'm thinking of (and > > > > created special lockdep annotations for just recently) sleeping is > > > > allowed, but any memory allocations with GFP_RECLAIM set are no-go. > > > > > > Completely agreed! Any allocation on any free path must be handled > > > -extremely- carefully. To that end... > > > > > > First, there is always a fallback in case the allocation fails. Which > > > might have performance or corner-case robustness issues, but which will > > > at least allow forward progress. Second, we consulted with a number of > > > MM experts to arrive at appropriate GFP_* flags (and their patience is > > > greatly appreciated). Third, the paths that can allocate will do so about > > > one time of 500, so any issues should be spotted sooner rather than later. > > > > > > So you are quite right to be concerned, but I believe we will be doing the > > > right things. And based on his previous track record, I am also quite > > > certain that Mr. Murphy will be on hand to provide me any additional > > > education that I might require. > > > > > > Finally, I have noted down your point about fs_reclaim_acquire() and > > > fs_reclaim_release(). Whether or not they prove to be needed, I do > > > appreciate your calling them to my attention. > > > > I just realized that since these dma_fence structs are refcounted and > > userspace can hold references (directly, it can pass them around > > behind file descriptors) we might never hit such a path until slightly > > unusual or evil userspace does something interesting. Do you have > > links to those patches? Some googling didn't turn up anything. I can > > then figure out whether it's better to risk not spotting issues with > > call_rcu vs slapping a memalloc_noio_save/restore around all these > > critical section which force-degrades any allocation to GFP_ATOMIC at > > most, but has the risk that we run into code that assumes "GFP_KERNEL > > never fails for small stuff" and has a decidedly less tested fallback > > path than rcu code. > > Here is the previous early draft version, which will change considerably > for the next version: > > lore.kernel.org/lkml/20200809204354.20137-1-urezki@xxxxxxxxx > > This does kvfree_rcu(), but we expect to handle call_rcu() similarly. > > The version in preparation will use workqueues to do the allocation in a > known-safe environment and also use lockless access to certain portions > of the allocator caches (as noted earlier, this last is not much loved > by some of the MM guys). Given Thomas's patch, we could with high > probability allocate directly, perhaps even not needing memory-allocator > modifications. > > Either way, kvfree_rcu(), and later call_rcu(), will avoid asking the > allocator to do anything that the calling context prohibits. So what > types of bugs are you looking for? Where reclaim calls back into the > driver or some such? Yeah pretty much. It's a problem for gpu, fs, block drivers and really anything else that's remotely involved in memory reclaim somehow. Generally this is all handled explicitly by passing gfp_t flags down any call chain, but in some cases it's instead solved with the memalloc_no* functions. E.g. sunrpc uses that to make sure the network stack (which generally just assumes it can allocate memory) doesn't, to avoid recursions back into nfs/sunrpc. To my knowledge there's no way to check at runtime with which gfp flags you're allowed to allocate memory, a preemptible check is definitely not enough. Disabled preemption implies only GFP_ATOMIC is allowed (ignoring nmi and stuff like that), but the inverse is not true. So if you want the automagic in call_rcu I think either - we need to replace all explicit gfp flags with the context marking memalloc_no* across the entire kernel, or at least anywhere rcu might be used. - audit all callchains and make sure a call_rcu_noalloc is used anywhere there might be a problem. probably better to have a call_rcu_gfp with explicit gfp flags parameter, since generally that needs to be passed down. But at least to me the lockless magic in mm sounds a lot safer, since it contains the complexity and doesn't leak it out to callers of call_rcu. -Daniel -- Daniel Vetter Software Engineer, Intel Corporation http://blog.ffwll.ch
