On Tue 22-10-19 10:32:11, David Hildenbrand wrote: [...] > E.g., arch/x86/kvm/mmu.c:kvm_is_mmio_pfn() Thanks for these references. I am not really familiar with kvm so I cannot really comment on the specific code but I am wondering why it simply doesn't check for ZONE_DEVICE explicitly? Also we do care about holes in RAM (from the early boot), those should be reserved already AFAIR. So we are left with hotplugged memory with holes and I am not really sure we should bother with this until there is a clear usecase in sight. -- Michal Hocko SUSE Labs