Hi, below is my summary of problems observed with current throttling scheme. I guess other guys will have some changes but this I what I remembered from top of my head. Honza --- The problems people see with current balance_dirty_pages() implementation: a) IO submission from several processes in parallel causes suboptimal IO patterns in some cases because we interleave several sequential IO streams which causes more seeks (IO scheduler does not have queue long enough to sort out everything) and more filesystem fragmentation (currently worked around in each filesystem separately by writing more than asked for etc.). b) IO submission from several threads causes increased pressure on shared data structures and locks. For example inode_bw_list_lock seems to be a bottleneck on large systems. c) In cases where there are only a few large files dirty, throttled process just walks the list of dirty inodes, moves all of them to b_more_io because all of the inodes have I_SYNC set (other processes are already doing writeback against these files) and resorts to waiting for some time after which it just tries again. This creates a possibility for basically locking out a process in balance_dirty_pages() for arbitrarily long time. All of the above issues get resolved when IO submission happens from just a single thread so for the above problems basically any IO-less throttling will do. We get only a single stream of IO, less contention on shared data structures from writeback, no problems with not having another inode to write out. IO less throttling also offers further possibilities for improvement. If we do not submit IO from a throttled thread, we have more flexibility in choosing how often and for how long do we throttle a thread since we are no longer limited by trying to achieve a sensible IO pattern. This creates a possibility for achieving lower latencies and smoother wait time behavior. Fengguang is taking advantage of this in his patch set. -- Jan Kara <jack@xxxxxxx> SUSE Labs, CR -- To unsubscribe, send a message with 'unsubscribe linux-mm' in the body to majordomo@xxxxxxxxxx For more info on Linux MM, see: http://www.linux-mm.org/ . Fight unfair telecom internet charges in Canada: sign http://stopthemeter.ca/ Don't email: <a href=mailto:"dont@xxxxxxxxx";> email@xxxxxxxxx </a>