On Wed, 24 May 2017 13:20:21 -0400
Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
> This patch add a new memory migration helpers, which migrate memory
> backing a range of virtual address of a process to different memory
> (which can be allocated through special allocator). It differs from
> numa migration by working on a range of virtual address and thus by
> doing migration in chunk that can be large enough to use DMA engine
> or special copy offloading engine.
>
> Expected users are any one with heterogeneous memory where different
> memory have different characteristics (latency, bandwidth, ...). As
> an example IBM platform with CAPI bus can make use of this feature
> to migrate between regular memory and CAPI device memory. New CPU
> architecture with a pool of high performance memory not manage as
> cache but presented as regular memory (while being faster and with
> lower latency than DDR) will also be prime user of this patch.
>
> Migration to private device memory will be useful for device that
> have large pool of such like GPU, NVidia plans to use HMM for that.
>
It is helpful, for HMM-CDM however we would like to avoid the downsides
of MIGRATE_SYNC_NOCOPY
> Changes since v3:
> - Rebase
>
> Changes since v2:
> - droped HMM prefix and HMM specific code
> Changes since v1:
> - typos fix
> - split early unmap optimization for page with single mapping
>
> Signed-off-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@xxxxxxxxxx>
> Signed-off-by: Evgeny Baskakov <ebaskakov@xxxxxxxxxx>
> Signed-off-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@xxxxxxxxxx>
> Signed-off-by: Mark Hairgrove <mhairgrove@xxxxxxxxxx>
> Signed-off-by: Sherry Cheung <SCheung@xxxxxxxxxx>
> Signed-off-by: Subhash Gutti <sgutti@xxxxxxxxxx>
> ---
> include/linux/migrate.h | 104 ++++++++++++
> mm/migrate.c | 444 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> 2 files changed, 548 insertions(+)
>
> diff --git a/include/linux/migrate.h b/include/linux/migrate.h
> index 78a0fdc..576b3f5 100644
> --- a/include/linux/migrate.h
> +++ b/include/linux/migrate.h
> @@ -127,4 +127,108 @@ static inline int migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page(struct mm_struct *mm,
> }
> #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING && CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE*/
>
> +
> +#ifdef CONFIG_MIGRATION
> +
> +#define MIGRATE_PFN_VALID (1UL << 0)
> +#define MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE (1UL << 1)
> +#define MIGRATE_PFN_LOCKED (1UL << 2)
> +#define MIGRATE_PFN_WRITE (1UL << 3)
> +#define MIGRATE_PFN_ERROR (1UL << 4)
> +#define MIGRATE_PFN_SHIFT 5
> +
> +static inline struct page *migrate_pfn_to_page(unsigned long mpfn)
> +{
> + if (!(mpfn & MIGRATE_PFN_VALID))
> + return NULL;
> + return pfn_to_page(mpfn >> MIGRATE_PFN_SHIFT);
> +}
> +
> +static inline unsigned long migrate_pfn(unsigned long pfn)
> +{
> + return (pfn << MIGRATE_PFN_SHIFT) | MIGRATE_PFN_VALID;
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * struct migrate_vma_ops - migrate operation callback
> + *
> + * @alloc_and_copy: alloc destination memory and copy source memory to it
> + * @finalize_and_map: allow caller to map the successfully migrated pages
> + *
> + *
> + * The alloc_and_copy() callback happens once all source pages have been locked,
> + * unmapped and checked (checked whether pinned or not). All pages that can be
> + * migrated will have an entry in the src array set with the pfn value of the
> + * page and with the MIGRATE_PFN_VALID and MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE flag set (other
> + * flags might be set but should be ignored by the callback).
> + *
> + * The alloc_and_copy() callback can then allocate destination memory and copy
> + * source memory to it for all those entries (ie with MIGRATE_PFN_VALID and
> + * MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE flag set). Once these are allocated and copied, the
> + * callback must update each corresponding entry in the dst array with the pfn
> + * value of the destination page and with the MIGRATE_PFN_VALID and
> + * MIGRATE_PFN_LOCKED flags set (destination pages must have their struct pages
> + * locked, via lock_page()).
> + *
> + * At this point the alloc_and_copy() callback is done and returns.
> + *
> + * Note that the callback does not have to migrate all the pages that are
> + * marked with MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE flag in src array unless this is a migration
> + * from device memory to system memory (ie the MIGRATE_PFN_DEVICE flag is also
> + * set in the src array entry). If the device driver cannot migrate a device
> + * page back to system memory, then it must set the corresponding dst array
> + * entry to MIGRATE_PFN_ERROR. This will trigger a SIGBUS if CPU tries to
> + * access any of the virtual addresses originally backed by this page. Because
> + * a SIGBUS is such a severe result for the userspace process, the device
> + * driver should avoid setting MIGRATE_PFN_ERROR unless it is really in an
> + * unrecoverable state.
> + *
> + * THE alloc_and_copy() CALLBACK MUST NOT CHANGE ANY OF THE SRC ARRAY ENTRIES
> + * OR BAD THINGS WILL HAPPEN !
> + *
> + *
> + * The finalize_and_map() callback happens after struct page migration from
> + * source to destination (destination struct pages are the struct pages for the
> + * memory allocated by the alloc_and_copy() callback). Migration can fail, and
> + * thus the finalize_and_map() allows the driver to inspect which pages were
> + * successfully migrated, and which were not. Successfully migrated pages will
> + * have the MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE flag set for their src array entry.
> + *
> + * It is safe to update device page table from within the finalize_and_map()
> + * callback because both destination and source page are still locked, and the
> + * mmap_sem is held in read mode (hence no one can unmap the range being
> + * migrated).
> + *
> + * Once callback is done cleaning up things and updating its page table (if it
> + * chose to do so, this is not an obligation) then it returns. At this point,
> + * the HMM core will finish up the final steps, and the migration is complete.
> + *
> + * THE finalize_and_map() CALLBACK MUST NOT CHANGE ANY OF THE SRC OR DST ARRAY
> + * ENTRIES OR BAD THINGS WILL HAPPEN !
> + */
> +struct migrate_vma_ops {
> + void (*alloc_and_copy)(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> + const unsigned long *src,
> + unsigned long *dst,
> + unsigned long start,
> + unsigned long end,
> + void *private);
> + void (*finalize_and_map)(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> + const unsigned long *src,
> + const unsigned long *dst,
> + unsigned long start,
> + unsigned long end,
> + void *private);
> +};
> +
> +int migrate_vma(const struct migrate_vma_ops *ops,
> + struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> + unsigned long start,
> + unsigned long end,
> + unsigned long *src,
> + unsigned long *dst,
> + void *private);
> +
> +#endif /* CONFIG_MIGRATION */
> +
> #endif /* _LINUX_MIGRATE_H */
> diff --git a/mm/migrate.c b/mm/migrate.c
> index 66410fc..12063f3 100644
> --- a/mm/migrate.c
> +++ b/mm/migrate.c
> @@ -397,6 +397,14 @@ int migrate_page_move_mapping(struct address_space *mapping,
> int expected_count = 1 + extra_count;
> void **pslot;
>
> + /*
> + * ZONE_DEVICE pages have 1 refcount always held by their device
> + *
> + * Note that DAX memory will never reach that point as it does not have
> + * the MEMORY_DEVICE_ALLOW_MIGRATE flag set (see memory_hotplug.h).
I couldn't find this flag in memory_hotplug.h? stale comment?
> + */
> + expected_count += is_zone_device_page(page);
> +
> if (!mapping) {
> /* Anonymous page without mapping */
> if (page_count(page) != expected_count)
> @@ -2077,3 +2085,439 @@ int migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page(struct mm_struct *mm,
> #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
>
> #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA */
> +
> +
> +struct migrate_vma {
> + struct vm_area_struct *vma;
> + unsigned long *dst;
> + unsigned long *src;
> + unsigned long cpages;
> + unsigned long npages;
> + unsigned long start;
> + unsigned long end;
Could we add a flags that specify if the migration should be MIGRATE_SYNC_NOCOPY or not?
I think the generic routine is helpful outside of the specific HMM use case as well.
> +};
> +
> +static int migrate_vma_collect_hole(unsigned long start,
> + unsigned long end,
> + struct mm_walk *walk)
> +{
> + struct migrate_vma *migrate = walk->private;
> + unsigned long addr, next;
> +
> + for (addr = start & PAGE_MASK; addr < end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
> + migrate->dst[migrate->npages] = 0;
> + migrate->src[migrate->npages++] = 0;
> + }
> +
> + return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int migrate_vma_collect_pmd(pmd_t *pmdp,
> + unsigned long start,
> + unsigned long end,
> + struct mm_walk *walk)
> +{
> + struct migrate_vma *migrate = walk->private;
> + struct mm_struct *mm = walk->vma->vm_mm;
> + unsigned long addr = start;
> + spinlock_t *ptl;
> + pte_t *ptep;
> +
> + if (pmd_none(*pmdp) || pmd_trans_unstable(pmdp)) {
> + /* FIXME support THP */
> + return migrate_vma_collect_hole(start, end, walk);
> + }
> +
> + ptep = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmdp, addr, &ptl);
> + for (; addr < end; addr += PAGE_SIZE, ptep++) {
> + unsigned long mpfn, pfn;
> + struct page *page;
> + pte_t pte;
> +
> + pte = *ptep;
> + pfn = pte_pfn(pte);
> +
> + if (!pte_present(pte)) {
> + mpfn = pfn = 0;
> + goto next;
> + }
> +
> + /* FIXME support THP */
> + page = vm_normal_page(migrate->vma, addr, pte);
> + if (!page || !page->mapping || PageTransCompound(page)) {
> + mpfn = pfn = 0;
> + goto next;
> + }
> +
> + /*
> + * By getting a reference on the page we pin it and that blocks
> + * any kind of migration. Side effect is that it "freezes" the
> + * pte.
> + *
> + * We drop this reference after isolating the page from the lru
> + * for non device page (device page are not on the lru and thus
> + * can't be dropped from it).
> + */
> + get_page(page);
> + migrate->cpages++;
> + mpfn = migrate_pfn(pfn) | MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE;
> + mpfn |= pte_write(pte) ? MIGRATE_PFN_WRITE : 0;
> +
> +next:
> + migrate->src[migrate->npages++] = mpfn;
> + }
> + pte_unmap_unlock(ptep - 1, ptl);
> +
> + return 0;
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * migrate_vma_collect() - collect pages over a range of virtual addresses
> + * @migrate: migrate struct containing all migration information
> + *
> + * This will walk the CPU page table. For each virtual address backed by a
> + * valid page, it updates the src array and takes a reference on the page, in
> + * order to pin the page until we lock it and unmap it.
> + */
> +static void migrate_vma_collect(struct migrate_vma *migrate)
> +{
> + struct mm_walk mm_walk;
> +
> + mm_walk.pmd_entry = migrate_vma_collect_pmd;
> + mm_walk.pte_entry = NULL;
> + mm_walk.pte_hole = migrate_vma_collect_hole;
> + mm_walk.hugetlb_entry = NULL;
> + mm_walk.test_walk = NULL;
> + mm_walk.vma = migrate->vma;
> + mm_walk.mm = migrate->vma->vm_mm;
> + mm_walk.private = migrate;
> +
> + walk_page_range(migrate->start, migrate->end, &mm_walk);
> +
> + migrate->end = migrate->start + (migrate->npages << PAGE_SHIFT);
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * migrate_vma_check_page() - check if page is pinned or not
> + * @page: struct page to check
> + *
> + * Pinned pages cannot be migrated. This is the same test as in
> + * migrate_page_move_mapping(), except that here we allow migration of a
> + * ZONE_DEVICE page.
> + */
> +static bool migrate_vma_check_page(struct page *page)
> +{
> + /*
> + * One extra ref because caller holds an extra reference, either from
> + * isolate_lru_page() for a regular page, or migrate_vma_collect() for
> + * a device page.
> + */
> + int extra = 1;
> +
> + /*
> + * FIXME support THP (transparent huge page), it is bit more complex to
> + * check them than regular pages, because they can be mapped with a pmd
> + * or with a pte (split pte mapping).
> + */
> + if (PageCompound(page))
> + return false;
> +
> + if ((page_count(page) - extra) > page_mapcount(page))
> + return false;
> +
> + return true;
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * migrate_vma_prepare() - lock pages and isolate them from the lru
> + * @migrate: migrate struct containing all migration information
> + *
> + * This locks pages that have been collected by migrate_vma_collect(). Once each
> + * page is locked it is isolated from the lru (for non-device pages). Finally,
> + * the ref taken by migrate_vma_collect() is dropped, as locked pages cannot be
> + * migrated by concurrent kernel threads.
> + */
> +static void migrate_vma_prepare(struct migrate_vma *migrate)
> +{
> + const unsigned long npages = migrate->npages;
> + const unsigned long start = migrate->start;
> + unsigned long addr, i, restore = 0;
> + bool allow_drain = true;
> +
> + lru_add_drain();
> +
> + for (i = 0; i < npages; i++) {
> + struct page *page = migrate_pfn_to_page(migrate->src[i]);
> +
> + if (!page)
> + continue;
> +
> + lock_page(page);
> + migrate->src[i] |= MIGRATE_PFN_LOCKED;
> +
> + if (!PageLRU(page) && allow_drain) {
> + /* Drain CPU's pagevec */
> + lru_add_drain_all();
> + allow_drain = false;
> + }
> +
> + if (isolate_lru_page(page)) {
> + migrate->src[i] = 0;
> + unlock_page(page);
> + migrate->cpages--;
> + put_page(page);
> + continue;
> + }
> +
> + if (!migrate_vma_check_page(page)) {
> + migrate->src[i] = 0;
> + unlock_page(page);
> + migrate->cpages--;
> +
> + putback_lru_page(page);
> + }
> + }
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * migrate_vma_unmap() - replace page mapping with special migration pte entry
> + * @migrate: migrate struct containing all migration information
> + *
> + * Replace page mapping (CPU page table pte) with a special migration pte entry
> + * and check again if it has been pinned. Pinned pages are restored because we
> + * cannot migrate them.
> + *
> + * This is the last step before we call the device driver callback to allocate
> + * destination memory and copy contents of original page over to new page.
> + */
> +static void migrate_vma_unmap(struct migrate_vma *migrate)
> +{
> + int flags = TTU_MIGRATION | TTU_IGNORE_MLOCK | TTU_IGNORE_ACCESS;
> + const unsigned long npages = migrate->npages;
> + const unsigned long start = migrate->start;
> + unsigned long addr, i, restore = 0;
> +
> + for (i = 0; i < npages; i++) {
> + struct page *page = migrate_pfn_to_page(migrate->src[i]);
> +
> + if (!page || !(migrate->src[i] & MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE))
> + continue;
> +
> + try_to_unmap(page, flags);
> + if (page_mapped(page) || !migrate_vma_check_page(page)) {
> + migrate->src[i] &= ~MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE;
> + migrate->cpages--;
> + restore++;
> + }
> + }
> +
> + for (addr = start, i = 0; i < npages && restore; addr += PAGE_SIZE, i++) {
> + struct page *page = migrate_pfn_to_page(migrate->src[i]);
> +
> + if (!page || (migrate->src[i] & MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE))
> + continue;
> +
> + remove_migration_ptes(page, page, false);
> +
> + migrate->src[i] = 0;
> + unlock_page(page);
> + restore--;
> +
> + putback_lru_page(page);
> + }
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * migrate_vma_pages() - migrate meta-data from src page to dst page
> + * @migrate: migrate struct containing all migration information
> + *
> + * This migrates struct page meta-data from source struct page to destination
> + * struct page. This effectively finishes the migration from source page to the
> + * destination page.
> + */
> +static void migrate_vma_pages(struct migrate_vma *migrate)
> +{
> + const unsigned long npages = migrate->npages;
> + const unsigned long start = migrate->start;
> + unsigned long addr, i;
> +
> + for (i = 0, addr = start; i < npages; addr += PAGE_SIZE, i++) {
> + struct page *newpage = migrate_pfn_to_page(migrate->dst[i]);
> + struct page *page = migrate_pfn_to_page(migrate->src[i]);
> + struct address_space *mapping;
> + int r;
> +
> + if (!page || !newpage)
> + continue;
> + if (!(migrate->src[i] & MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE))
> + continue;
> +
> + mapping = page_mapping(page);
> +
> + r = migrate_page(mapping, newpage, page, MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY);
Could we use a flags field to determine if we should use MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY or not?
> + if (r != MIGRATEPAGE_SUCCESS)
> + migrate->src[i] &= ~MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE;
> + }
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * migrate_vma_finalize() - restore CPU page table entry
> + * @migrate: migrate struct containing all migration information
> + *
> + * This replaces the special migration pte entry with either a mapping to the
> + * new page if migration was successful for that page, or to the original page
> + * otherwise.
> + *
> + * This also unlocks the pages and puts them back on the lru, or drops the extra
> + * refcount, for device pages.
> + */
> +static void migrate_vma_finalize(struct migrate_vma *migrate)
> +{
> + const unsigned long npages = migrate->npages;
> + unsigned long i;
> +
> + for (i = 0; i < npages; i++) {
> + struct page *newpage = migrate_pfn_to_page(migrate->dst[i]);
> + struct page *page = migrate_pfn_to_page(migrate->src[i]);
> +
> + if (!page)
> + continue;
> + if (!(migrate->src[i] & MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE) || !newpage) {
> + if (newpage) {
> + unlock_page(newpage);
> + put_page(newpage);
> + }
> + newpage = page;
> + }
> +
> + remove_migration_ptes(page, newpage, false);
> + unlock_page(page);
> + migrate->cpages--;
> +
> + putback_lru_page(page);
> +
> + if (newpage != page) {
> + unlock_page(newpage);
> + putback_lru_page(newpage);
> + }
> + }
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * migrate_vma() - migrate a range of memory inside vma
> + *
> + * @ops: migration callback for allocating destination memory and copying
> + * @vma: virtual memory area containing the range to be migrated
> + * @start: start address of the range to migrate (inclusive)
> + * @end: end address of the range to migrate (exclusive)
> + * @src: array of hmm_pfn_t containing source pfns
> + * @dst: array of hmm_pfn_t containing destination pfns
> + * @private: pointer passed back to each of the callback
> + * Returns: 0 on success, error code otherwise
> + *
> + * This function tries to migrate a range of memory virtual address range, using
> + * callbacks to allocate and copy memory from source to destination. First it
> + * collects all the pages backing each virtual address in the range, saving this
> + * inside the src array. Then it locks those pages and unmaps them. Once the pages
> + * are locked and unmapped, it checks whether each page is pinned or not. Pages
> + * that aren't pinned have the MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE flag set (by this function)
> + * in the corresponding src array entry. It then restores any pages that are
> + * pinned, by remapping and unlocking those pages.
> + *
> + * At this point it calls the alloc_and_copy() callback. For documentation on
> + * what is expected from that callback, see struct migrate_vma_ops comments in
> + * include/linux/migrate.h
> + *
> + * After the alloc_and_copy() callback, this function goes over each entry in
> + * the src array that has the MIGRATE_PFN_VALID and MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE flag
> + * set. If the corresponding entry in dst array has MIGRATE_PFN_VALID flag set,
> + * then the function tries to migrate struct page information from the source
> + * struct page to the destination struct page. If it fails to migrate the struct
> + * page information, then it clears the MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE flag in the src
> + * array.
> + *
> + * At this point all successfully migrated pages have an entry in the src
> + * array with MIGRATE_PFN_VALID and MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE flag set and the dst
> + * array entry with MIGRATE_PFN_VALID flag set.
> + *
> + * It then calls the finalize_and_map() callback. See comments for "struct
> + * migrate_vma_ops", in include/linux/migrate.h for details about
> + * finalize_and_map() behavior.
> + *
> + * After the finalize_and_map() callback, for successfully migrated pages, this
> + * function updates the CPU page table to point to new pages, otherwise it
> + * restores the CPU page table to point to the original source pages.
> + *
> + * Function returns 0 after the above steps, even if no pages were migrated
> + * (The function only returns an error if any of the arguments are invalid.)
> + *
> + * Both src and dst array must be big enough for (end - start) >> PAGE_SHIFT
> + * unsigned long entries.
> + */
> +int migrate_vma(const struct migrate_vma_ops *ops,
> + struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> + unsigned long start,
> + unsigned long end,
> + unsigned long *src,
> + unsigned long *dst,
> + void *private)
> +{
> + struct migrate_vma migrate;
> +
> + /* Sanity check the arguments */
> + start &= PAGE_MASK;
> + end &= PAGE_MASK;
> + if (!vma || is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma) || (vma->vm_flags & VM_SPECIAL))
> + return -EINVAL;
> + if (start < vma->vm_start || start >= vma->vm_end)
> + return -EINVAL;
> + if (end <= vma->vm_start || end > vma->vm_end)
> + return -EINVAL;
> + if (!ops || !src || !dst || start >= end)
> + return -EINVAL;
> +
> + memset(src, 0, sizeof(*src) * ((end - start) >> PAGE_SHIFT));
> + migrate.src = src;
> + migrate.dst = dst;
> + migrate.start = start;
> + migrate.npages = 0;
> + migrate.cpages = 0;
> + migrate.end = end;
> + migrate.vma = vma;
> +
> + /* Collect, and try to unmap source pages */
> + migrate_vma_collect(&migrate);
> + if (!migrate.cpages)
> + return 0;
> +
> + /* Lock and isolate page */
> + migrate_vma_prepare(&migrate);
> + if (!migrate.cpages)
> + return 0;
> +
> + /* Unmap pages */
> + migrate_vma_unmap(&migrate);
> + if (!migrate.cpages)
> + return 0;
> +
> + /*
> + * At this point pages are locked and unmapped, and thus they have
> + * stable content and can safely be copied to destination memory that
> + * is allocated by the callback.
> + *
> + * Note that migration can fail in migrate_vma_struct_page() for each
> + * individual page.
> + */
> + ops->alloc_and_copy(vma, src, dst, start, end, private);
> +
> + /* This does the real migration of struct page */
> + migrate_vma_pages(&migrate);
> +
> + ops->finalize_and_map(vma, src, dst, start, end, private);
> +
> + /* Unlock and remap pages */
> + migrate_vma_finalize(&migrate);
> +
> + return 0;
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL(migrate_vma);
In general, its helpful to have
Acked-by: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@xxxxxxxxx>
Balbir Singh.
--
To unsubscribe, send a message with 'unsubscribe linux-mm' in
the body to majordomo@xxxxxxxxx. For more info on Linux MM,
see: http://www.linux-mm.org/ .
Don't email: <a href
