This is a roll-up of patches currently in mmotm related to stack reduction and
tracing reclaim. It is based on 2.6.35-rc6 and included for the convenience
of testing.
No signed off required.
---
.../trace/postprocess/trace-vmscan-postprocess.pl | 654 ++++++++++++++++++++
include/linux/memcontrol.h | 5 -
include/linux/mmzone.h | 15 -
include/trace/events/gfpflags.h | 37 ++
include/trace/events/kmem.h | 38 +--
include/trace/events/vmscan.h | 184 ++++++
mm/memcontrol.c | 31 -
mm/page_alloc.c | 2 -
mm/vmscan.c | 429 +++++++-------
mm/vmstat.c | 2 -
10 files changed, 1095 insertions(+), 302 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 Documentation/trace/postprocess/trace-vmscan-postprocess.pl
create mode 100644 include/trace/events/gfpflags.h
create mode 100644 include/trace/events/vmscan.h
diff --git a/Documentation/trace/postprocess/trace-vmscan-postprocess.pl b/Documentation/trace/postprocess/trace-vmscan-postprocess.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d1ddc33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/trace/postprocess/trace-vmscan-postprocess.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,654 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+# This is a POC for reading the text representation of trace output related to
+# page reclaim. It makes an attempt to extract some high-level information on
+# what is going on. The accuracy of the parser may vary
+#
+# Example usage: trace-vmscan-postprocess.pl < /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace_pipe
+# other options
+# --read-procstat If the trace lacks process info, get it from /proc
+# --ignore-pid Aggregate processes of the same name together
+#
+# Copyright (c) IBM Corporation 2009
+# Author: Mel Gorman <mel@xxxxxxxxx>
+use strict;
+use Getopt::Long;
+
+# Tracepoint events
+use constant MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_BEGIN => 1;
+use constant MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_END => 2;
+use constant MM_VMSCAN_KSWAPD_WAKE => 3;
+use constant MM_VMSCAN_KSWAPD_SLEEP => 4;
+use constant MM_VMSCAN_LRU_SHRINK_ACTIVE => 5;
+use constant MM_VMSCAN_LRU_SHRINK_INACTIVE => 6;
+use constant MM_VMSCAN_LRU_ISOLATE => 7;
+use constant MM_VMSCAN_WRITEPAGE_SYNC => 8;
+use constant MM_VMSCAN_WRITEPAGE_ASYNC => 9;
+use constant EVENT_UNKNOWN => 10;
+
+# Per-order events
+use constant MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_BEGIN_PERORDER => 11;
+use constant MM_VMSCAN_WAKEUP_KSWAPD_PERORDER => 12;
+use constant MM_VMSCAN_KSWAPD_WAKE_PERORDER => 13;
+use constant HIGH_KSWAPD_REWAKEUP_PERORDER => 14;
+
+# Constants used to track state
+use constant STATE_DIRECT_BEGIN => 15;
+use constant STATE_DIRECT_ORDER => 16;
+use constant STATE_KSWAPD_BEGIN => 17;
+use constant STATE_KSWAPD_ORDER => 18;
+
+# High-level events extrapolated from tracepoints
+use constant HIGH_DIRECT_RECLAIM_LATENCY => 19;
+use constant HIGH_KSWAPD_LATENCY => 20;
+use constant HIGH_KSWAPD_REWAKEUP => 21;
+use constant HIGH_NR_SCANNED => 22;
+use constant HIGH_NR_TAKEN => 23;
+use constant HIGH_NR_RECLAIM => 24;
+use constant HIGH_NR_CONTIG_DIRTY => 25;
+
+my %perprocesspid;
+my %perprocess;
+my %last_procmap;
+my $opt_ignorepid;
+my $opt_read_procstat;
+
+my $total_wakeup_kswapd;
+my ($total_direct_reclaim, $total_direct_nr_scanned);
+my ($total_direct_latency, $total_kswapd_latency);
+my ($total_direct_writepage_sync, $total_direct_writepage_async);
+my ($total_kswapd_nr_scanned, $total_kswapd_wake);
+my ($total_kswapd_writepage_sync, $total_kswapd_writepage_async);
+
+# Catch sigint and exit on request
+my $sigint_report = 0;
+my $sigint_exit = 0;
+my $sigint_pending = 0;
+my $sigint_received = 0;
+sub sigint_handler {
+ my $current_time = time;
+ if ($current_time - 2 > $sigint_received) {
+ print "SIGINT received, report pending. Hit ctrl-c again to exit\n";
+ $sigint_report = 1;
+ } else {
+ if (!$sigint_exit) {
+ print "Second SIGINT received quickly, exiting\n";
+ }
+ $sigint_exit++;
+ }
+
+ if ($sigint_exit > 3) {
+ print "Many SIGINTs received, exiting now without report\n";
+ exit;
+ }
+
+ $sigint_received = $current_time;
+ $sigint_pending = 1;
+}
+$SIG{INT} = "sigint_handler";
+
+# Parse command line options
+GetOptions(
+ 'ignore-pid' => \$opt_ignorepid,
+ 'read-procstat' => \$opt_read_procstat,
+);
+
+# Defaults for dynamically discovered regex's
+my $regex_direct_begin_default = 'order=([0-9]*) may_writepage=([0-9]*) gfp_flags=([A-Z_|]*)';
+my $regex_direct_end_default = 'nr_reclaimed=([0-9]*)';
+my $regex_kswapd_wake_default = 'nid=([0-9]*) order=([0-9]*)';
+my $regex_kswapd_sleep_default = 'nid=([0-9]*)';
+my $regex_wakeup_kswapd_default = 'nid=([0-9]*) zid=([0-9]*) order=([0-9]*)';
+my $regex_lru_isolate_default = 'isolate_mode=([0-9]*) order=([0-9]*) nr_requested=([0-9]*) nr_scanned=([0-9]*) nr_taken=([0-9]*) contig_taken=([0-9]*) contig_dirty=([0-9]*) contig_failed=([0-9]*)';
+my $regex_lru_shrink_inactive_default = 'lru=([A-Z_]*) nr_scanned=([0-9]*) nr_reclaimed=([0-9]*) priority=([0-9]*)';
+my $regex_lru_shrink_active_default = 'lru=([A-Z_]*) nr_scanned=([0-9]*) nr_rotated=([0-9]*) priority=([0-9]*)';
+my $regex_writepage_default = 'page=([0-9a-f]*) pfn=([0-9]*) sync_io=([0-9]*)';
+
+# Dyanically discovered regex
+my $regex_direct_begin;
+my $regex_direct_end;
+my $regex_kswapd_wake;
+my $regex_kswapd_sleep;
+my $regex_wakeup_kswapd;
+my $regex_lru_isolate;
+my $regex_lru_shrink_inactive;
+my $regex_lru_shrink_active;
+my $regex_writepage;
+
+# Static regex used. Specified like this for readability and for use with /o
+# (process_pid) (cpus ) ( time ) (tpoint ) (details)
+my $regex_traceevent = '\s*([a-zA-Z0-9-]*)\s*(\[[0-9]*\])\s*([0-9.]*):\s*([a-zA-Z_]*):\s*(.*)';
+my $regex_statname = '[-0-9]*\s\((.*)\).*';
+my $regex_statppid = '[-0-9]*\s\(.*\)\s[A-Za-z]\s([0-9]*).*';
+
+sub generate_traceevent_regex {
+ my $event = shift;
+ my $default = shift;
+ my $regex;
+
+ # Read the event format or use the default
+ if (!open (FORMAT, "/sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/$event/format")) {
+ print("WARNING: Event $event format string not found\n");
+ return $default;
+ } else {
+ my $line;
+ while (!eof(FORMAT)) {
+ $line = <FORMAT>;
+ $line =~ s/, REC->.*//;
+ if ($line =~ /^print fmt:\s"(.*)".*/) {
+ $regex = $1;
+ $regex =~ s/%s/\([0-9a-zA-Z|_]*\)/g;
+ $regex =~ s/%p/\([0-9a-f]*\)/g;
+ $regex =~ s/%d/\([-0-9]*\)/g;
+ $regex =~ s/%ld/\([-0-9]*\)/g;
+ $regex =~ s/%lu/\([0-9]*\)/g;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ # Can't handle the print_flags stuff but in the context of this
+ # script, it really doesn't matter
+ $regex =~ s/\(REC.*\) \? __print_flags.*//;
+
+ # Verify fields are in the right order
+ my $tuple;
+ foreach $tuple (split /\s/, $regex) {
+ my ($key, $value) = split(/=/, $tuple);
+ my $expected = shift;
+ if ($key ne $expected) {
+ print("WARNING: Format not as expected for event $event '$key' != '$expected'\n");
+ $regex =~ s/$key=\((.*)\)/$key=$1/;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (defined shift) {
+ die("Fewer fields than expected in format");
+ }
+
+ return $regex;
+}
+
+$regex_direct_begin = generate_traceevent_regex(
+ "vmscan/mm_vmscan_direct_reclaim_begin",
+ $regex_direct_begin_default,
+ "order", "may_writepage",
+ "gfp_flags");
+$regex_direct_end = generate_traceevent_regex(
+ "vmscan/mm_vmscan_direct_reclaim_end",
+ $regex_direct_end_default,
+ "nr_reclaimed");
+$regex_kswapd_wake = generate_traceevent_regex(
+ "vmscan/mm_vmscan_kswapd_wake",
+ $regex_kswapd_wake_default,
+ "nid", "order");
+$regex_kswapd_sleep = generate_traceevent_regex(
+ "vmscan/mm_vmscan_kswapd_sleep",
+ $regex_kswapd_sleep_default,
+ "nid");
+$regex_wakeup_kswapd = generate_traceevent_regex(
+ "vmscan/mm_vmscan_wakeup_kswapd",
+ $regex_wakeup_kswapd_default,
+ "nid", "zid", "order");
+$regex_lru_isolate = generate_traceevent_regex(
+ "vmscan/mm_vmscan_lru_isolate",
+ $regex_lru_isolate_default,
+ "isolate_mode", "order",
+ "nr_requested", "nr_scanned", "nr_taken",
+ "contig_taken", "contig_dirty", "contig_failed");
+$regex_lru_shrink_inactive = generate_traceevent_regex(
+ "vmscan/mm_vmscan_lru_shrink_inactive",
+ $regex_lru_shrink_inactive_default,
+ "nid", "zid",
+ "lru",
+ "nr_scanned", "nr_reclaimed", "priority");
+$regex_lru_shrink_active = generate_traceevent_regex(
+ "vmscan/mm_vmscan_lru_shrink_active",
+ $regex_lru_shrink_active_default,
+ "nid", "zid",
+ "lru",
+ "nr_scanned", "nr_rotated", "priority");
+$regex_writepage = generate_traceevent_regex(
+ "vmscan/mm_vmscan_writepage",
+ $regex_writepage_default,
+ "page", "pfn", "sync_io");
+
+sub read_statline($) {
+ my $pid = $_[0];
+ my $statline;
+
+ if (open(STAT, "/proc/$pid/stat")) {
+ $statline = <STAT>;
+ close(STAT);
+ }
+
+ if ($statline eq '') {
+ $statline = "-1 (UNKNOWN_PROCESS_NAME) R 0";
+ }
+
+ return $statline;
+}
+
+sub guess_process_pid($$) {
+ my $pid = $_[0];
+ my $statline = $_[1];
+
+ if ($pid == 0) {
+ return "swapper-0";
+ }
+
+ if ($statline !~ /$regex_statname/o) {
+ die("Failed to math stat line for process name :: $statline");
+ }
+ return "$1-$pid";
+}
+
+# Convert sec.usec timestamp format
+sub timestamp_to_ms($) {
+ my $timestamp = $_[0];
+
+ my ($sec, $usec) = split (/\./, $timestamp);
+ return ($sec * 1000) + ($usec / 1000);
+}
+
+sub process_events {
+ my $traceevent;
+ my $process_pid;
+ my $cpus;
+ my $timestamp;
+ my $tracepoint;
+ my $details;
+ my $statline;
+
+ # Read each line of the event log
+EVENT_PROCESS:
+ while ($traceevent = <STDIN>) {
+ if ($traceevent =~ /$regex_traceevent/o) {
+ $process_pid = $1;
+ $timestamp = $3;
+ $tracepoint = $4;
+
+ $process_pid =~ /(.*)-([0-9]*)$/;
+ my $process = $1;
+ my $pid = $2;
+
+ if ($process eq "") {
+ $process = $last_procmap{$pid};
+ $process_pid = "$process-$pid";
+ }
+ $last_procmap{$pid} = $process;
+
+ if ($opt_read_procstat) {
+ $statline = read_statline($pid);
+ if ($opt_read_procstat && $process eq '') {
+ $process_pid = guess_process_pid($pid, $statline);
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ next;
+ }
+
+ # Perl Switch() sucks majorly
+ if ($tracepoint eq "mm_vmscan_direct_reclaim_begin") {
+ $timestamp = timestamp_to_ms($timestamp);
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_BEGIN}++;
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{STATE_DIRECT_BEGIN} = $timestamp;
+
+ $details = $5;
+ if ($details !~ /$regex_direct_begin/o) {
+ print "WARNING: Failed to parse mm_vmscan_direct_reclaim_begin as expected\n";
+ print " $details\n";
+ print " $regex_direct_begin\n";
+ next;
+ }
+ my $order = $1;
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_BEGIN_PERORDER}[$order]++;
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{STATE_DIRECT_ORDER} = $order;
+ } elsif ($tracepoint eq "mm_vmscan_direct_reclaim_end") {
+ # Count the event itself
+ my $index = $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_END};
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_END}++;
+
+ # Record how long direct reclaim took this time
+ if (defined $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{STATE_DIRECT_BEGIN}) {
+ $timestamp = timestamp_to_ms($timestamp);
+ my $order = $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{STATE_DIRECT_ORDER};
+ my $latency = ($timestamp - $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{STATE_DIRECT_BEGIN});
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_DIRECT_RECLAIM_LATENCY}[$index] = "$order-$latency";
+ }
+ } elsif ($tracepoint eq "mm_vmscan_kswapd_wake") {
+ $details = $5;
+ if ($details !~ /$regex_kswapd_wake/o) {
+ print "WARNING: Failed to parse mm_vmscan_kswapd_wake as expected\n";
+ print " $details\n";
+ print " $regex_kswapd_wake\n";
+ next;
+ }
+
+ my $order = $2;
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{STATE_KSWAPD_ORDER} = $order;
+ if (!$perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{STATE_KSWAPD_BEGIN}) {
+ $timestamp = timestamp_to_ms($timestamp);
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_KSWAPD_WAKE}++;
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{STATE_KSWAPD_BEGIN} = $timestamp;
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_KSWAPD_WAKE_PERORDER}[$order]++;
+ } else {
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_KSWAPD_REWAKEUP}++;
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_KSWAPD_REWAKEUP_PERORDER}[$order]++;
+ }
+ } elsif ($tracepoint eq "mm_vmscan_kswapd_sleep") {
+
+ # Count the event itself
+ my $index = $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_KSWAPD_SLEEP};
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_KSWAPD_SLEEP}++;
+
+ # Record how long kswapd was awake
+ $timestamp = timestamp_to_ms($timestamp);
+ my $order = $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{STATE_KSWAPD_ORDER};
+ my $latency = ($timestamp - $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{STATE_KSWAPD_BEGIN});
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_KSWAPD_LATENCY}[$index] = "$order-$latency";
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{STATE_KSWAPD_BEGIN} = 0;
+ } elsif ($tracepoint eq "mm_vmscan_wakeup_kswapd") {
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WAKEUP_KSWAPD}++;
+
+ $details = $5;
+ if ($details !~ /$regex_wakeup_kswapd/o) {
+ print "WARNING: Failed to parse mm_vmscan_wakeup_kswapd as expected\n";
+ print " $details\n";
+ print " $regex_wakeup_kswapd\n";
+ next;
+ }
+ my $order = $3;
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WAKEUP_KSWAPD_PERORDER}[$order]++;
+ } elsif ($tracepoint eq "mm_vmscan_lru_isolate") {
+ $details = $5;
+ if ($details !~ /$regex_lru_isolate/o) {
+ print "WARNING: Failed to parse mm_vmscan_lru_isolate as expected\n";
+ print " $details\n";
+ print " $regex_lru_isolate/o\n";
+ next;
+ }
+ my $nr_scanned = $4;
+ my $nr_contig_dirty = $7;
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_NR_SCANNED} += $nr_scanned;
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_NR_CONTIG_DIRTY} += $nr_contig_dirty;
+ } elsif ($tracepoint eq "mm_vmscan_writepage") {
+ $details = $5;
+ if ($details !~ /$regex_writepage/o) {
+ print "WARNING: Failed to parse mm_vmscan_writepage as expected\n";
+ print " $details\n";
+ print " $regex_writepage\n";
+ next;
+ }
+
+ my $sync_io = $3;
+ if ($sync_io) {
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WRITEPAGE_SYNC}++;
+ } else {
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WRITEPAGE_ASYNC}++;
+ }
+ } else {
+ $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{EVENT_UNKNOWN}++;
+ }
+
+ if ($sigint_pending) {
+ last EVENT_PROCESS;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+sub dump_stats {
+ my $hashref = shift;
+ my %stats = %$hashref;
+
+ # Dump per-process stats
+ my $process_pid;
+ my $max_strlen = 0;
+
+ # Get the maximum process name
+ foreach $process_pid (keys %perprocesspid) {
+ my $len = length($process_pid);
+ if ($len > $max_strlen) {
+ $max_strlen = $len;
+ }
+ }
+ $max_strlen += 2;
+
+ # Work out latencies
+ printf("\n") if !$opt_ignorepid;
+ printf("Reclaim latencies expressed as order-latency_in_ms\n") if !$opt_ignorepid;
+ foreach $process_pid (keys %stats) {
+
+ if (!$stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_DIRECT_RECLAIM_LATENCY}[0] &&
+ !$stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_KSWAPD_LATENCY}[0]) {
+ next;
+ }
+
+ printf "%-" . $max_strlen . "s ", $process_pid if !$opt_ignorepid;
+ my $index = 0;
+ while (defined $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_DIRECT_RECLAIM_LATENCY}[$index] ||
+ defined $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_KSWAPD_LATENCY}[$index]) {
+
+ if ($stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_DIRECT_RECLAIM_LATENCY}[$index]) {
+ printf("%s ", $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_DIRECT_RECLAIM_LATENCY}[$index]) if !$opt_ignorepid;
+ my ($dummy, $latency) = split(/-/, $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_DIRECT_RECLAIM_LATENCY}[$index]);
+ $total_direct_latency += $latency;
+ } else {
+ printf("%s ", $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_KSWAPD_LATENCY}[$index]) if !$opt_ignorepid;
+ my ($dummy, $latency) = split(/-/, $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_KSWAPD_LATENCY}[$index]);
+ $total_kswapd_latency += $latency;
+ }
+ $index++;
+ }
+ print "\n" if !$opt_ignorepid;
+ }
+
+ # Print out process activity
+ printf("\n");
+ printf("%-" . $max_strlen . "s %8s %10s %8s %8s %8s %8s %8s\n", "Process", "Direct", "Wokeup", "Pages", "Pages", "Pages", "Time");
+ printf("%-" . $max_strlen . "s %8s %10s %8s %8s %8s %8s %8s\n", "details", "Rclms", "Kswapd", "Scanned", "Sync-IO", "ASync-IO", "Stalled");
+ foreach $process_pid (keys %stats) {
+
+ if (!$stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_BEGIN}) {
+ next;
+ }
+
+ $total_direct_reclaim += $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_BEGIN};
+ $total_wakeup_kswapd += $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WAKEUP_KSWAPD};
+ $total_direct_nr_scanned += $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_NR_SCANNED};
+ $total_direct_writepage_sync += $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WRITEPAGE_SYNC};
+ $total_direct_writepage_async += $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WRITEPAGE_ASYNC};
+
+ my $index = 0;
+ my $this_reclaim_delay = 0;
+ while (defined $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_DIRECT_RECLAIM_LATENCY}[$index]) {
+ my ($dummy, $latency) = split(/-/, $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_DIRECT_RECLAIM_LATENCY}[$index]);
+ $this_reclaim_delay += $latency;
+ $index++;
+ }
+
+ printf("%-" . $max_strlen . "s %8d %10d %8u %8u %8u %8.3f",
+ $process_pid,
+ $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_BEGIN},
+ $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WAKEUP_KSWAPD},
+ $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_NR_SCANNED},
+ $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WRITEPAGE_SYNC},
+ $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WRITEPAGE_ASYNC},
+ $this_reclaim_delay / 1000);
+
+ if ($stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_BEGIN}) {
+ print " ";
+ for (my $order = 0; $order < 20; $order++) {
+ my $count = $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_BEGIN_PERORDER}[$order];
+ if ($count != 0) {
+ print "direct-$order=$count ";
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ if ($stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WAKEUP_KSWAPD}) {
+ print " ";
+ for (my $order = 0; $order < 20; $order++) {
+ my $count = $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WAKEUP_KSWAPD_PERORDER}[$order];
+ if ($count != 0) {
+ print "wakeup-$order=$count ";
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ if ($stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_NR_CONTIG_DIRTY}) {
+ print " ";
+ my $count = $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_NR_CONTIG_DIRTY};
+ if ($count != 0) {
+ print "contig-dirty=$count ";
+ }
+ }
+
+ print "\n";
+ }
+
+ # Print out kswapd activity
+ printf("\n");
+ printf("%-" . $max_strlen . "s %8s %10s %8s %8s %8s %8s\n", "Kswapd", "Kswapd", "Order", "Pages", "Pages", "Pages");
+ printf("%-" . $max_strlen . "s %8s %10s %8s %8s %8s %8s\n", "Instance", "Wakeups", "Re-wakeup", "Scanned", "Sync-IO", "ASync-IO");
+ foreach $process_pid (keys %stats) {
+
+ if (!$stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_KSWAPD_WAKE}) {
+ next;
+ }
+
+ $total_kswapd_wake += $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_KSWAPD_WAKE};
+ $total_kswapd_nr_scanned += $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_NR_SCANNED};
+ $total_kswapd_writepage_sync += $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WRITEPAGE_SYNC};
+ $total_kswapd_writepage_async += $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WRITEPAGE_ASYNC};
+
+ printf("%-" . $max_strlen . "s %8d %10d %8u %8i %8u",
+ $process_pid,
+ $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_KSWAPD_WAKE},
+ $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_KSWAPD_REWAKEUP},
+ $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_NR_SCANNED},
+ $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WRITEPAGE_SYNC},
+ $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WRITEPAGE_ASYNC});
+
+ if ($stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_KSWAPD_WAKE}) {
+ print " ";
+ for (my $order = 0; $order < 20; $order++) {
+ my $count = $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_KSWAPD_WAKE_PERORDER}[$order];
+ if ($count != 0) {
+ print "wake-$order=$count ";
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ if ($stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_KSWAPD_REWAKEUP}) {
+ print " ";
+ for (my $order = 0; $order < 20; $order++) {
+ my $count = $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_KSWAPD_REWAKEUP_PERORDER}[$order];
+ if ($count != 0) {
+ print "rewake-$order=$count ";
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+ }
+
+ # Print out summaries
+ $total_direct_latency /= 1000;
+ $total_kswapd_latency /= 1000;
+ print "\nSummary\n";
+ print "Direct reclaims: $total_direct_reclaim\n";
+ print "Direct reclaim pages scanned: $total_direct_nr_scanned\n";
+ print "Direct reclaim write sync I/O: $total_direct_writepage_sync\n";
+ print "Direct reclaim write async I/O: $total_direct_writepage_async\n";
+ print "Wake kswapd requests: $total_wakeup_kswapd\n";
+ printf "Time stalled direct reclaim: %-1.2f ms\n", $total_direct_latency;
+ print "\n";
+ print "Kswapd wakeups: $total_kswapd_wake\n";
+ print "Kswapd pages scanned: $total_kswapd_nr_scanned\n";
+ print "Kswapd reclaim write sync I/O: $total_kswapd_writepage_sync\n";
+ print "Kswapd reclaim write async I/O: $total_kswapd_writepage_async\n";
+ printf "Time kswapd awake: %-1.2f ms\n", $total_kswapd_latency;
+}
+
+sub aggregate_perprocesspid() {
+ my $process_pid;
+ my $process;
+ undef %perprocess;
+
+ foreach $process_pid (keys %perprocesspid) {
+ $process = $process_pid;
+ $process =~ s/-([0-9])*$//;
+ if ($process eq '') {
+ $process = "NO_PROCESS_NAME";
+ }
+
+ $perprocess{$process}->{MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_BEGIN} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_BEGIN};
+ $perprocess{$process}->{MM_VMSCAN_KSWAPD_WAKE} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_KSWAPD_WAKE};
+ $perprocess{$process}->{MM_VMSCAN_WAKEUP_KSWAPD} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WAKEUP_KSWAPD};
+ $perprocess{$process}->{HIGH_KSWAPD_REWAKEUP} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_KSWAPD_REWAKEUP};
+ $perprocess{$process}->{HIGH_NR_SCANNED} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_NR_SCANNED};
+ $perprocess{$process}->{MM_VMSCAN_WRITEPAGE_SYNC} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WRITEPAGE_SYNC};
+ $perprocess{$process}->{MM_VMSCAN_WRITEPAGE_ASYNC} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WRITEPAGE_ASYNC};
+
+ for (my $order = 0; $order < 20; $order++) {
+ $perprocess{$process}->{MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_BEGIN_PERORDER}[$order] += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_BEGIN_PERORDER}[$order];
+ $perprocess{$process}->{MM_VMSCAN_WAKEUP_KSWAPD_PERORDER}[$order] += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_WAKEUP_KSWAPD_PERORDER}[$order];
+ $perprocess{$process}->{MM_VMSCAN_KSWAPD_WAKE_PERORDER}[$order] += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_VMSCAN_KSWAPD_WAKE_PERORDER}[$order];
+
+ }
+
+ # Aggregate direct reclaim latencies
+ my $wr_index = $perprocess{$process}->{MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_END};
+ my $rd_index = 0;
+ while (defined $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_DIRECT_RECLAIM_LATENCY}[$rd_index]) {
+ $perprocess{$process}->{HIGH_DIRECT_RECLAIM_LATENCY}[$wr_index] = $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_DIRECT_RECLAIM_LATENCY}[$rd_index];
+ $rd_index++;
+ $wr_index++;
+ }
+ $perprocess{$process}->{MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_END} = $wr_index;
+
+ # Aggregate kswapd latencies
+ my $wr_index = $perprocess{$process}->{MM_VMSCAN_KSWAPD_SLEEP};
+ my $rd_index = 0;
+ while (defined $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_KSWAPD_LATENCY}[$rd_index]) {
+ $perprocess{$process}->{HIGH_KSWAPD_LATENCY}[$wr_index] = $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_KSWAPD_LATENCY}[$rd_index];
+ $rd_index++;
+ $wr_index++;
+ }
+ $perprocess{$process}->{MM_VMSCAN_DIRECT_RECLAIM_END} = $wr_index;
+ }
+}
+
+sub report() {
+ if (!$opt_ignorepid) {
+ dump_stats(\%perprocesspid);
+ } else {
+ aggregate_perprocesspid();
+ dump_stats(\%perprocess);
+ }
+}
+
+# Process events or signals until neither is available
+sub signal_loop() {
+ my $sigint_processed;
+ do {
+ $sigint_processed = 0;
+ process_events();
+
+ # Handle pending signals if any
+ if ($sigint_pending) {
+ my $current_time = time;
+
+ if ($sigint_exit) {
+ print "Received exit signal\n";
+ $sigint_pending = 0;
+ }
+ if ($sigint_report) {
+ if ($current_time >= $sigint_received + 2) {
+ report();
+ $sigint_report = 0;
+ $sigint_pending = 0;
+ $sigint_processed = 1;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ } while ($sigint_pending || $sigint_processed);
+}
+
+signal_loop();
+report();
diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
index 9411d32..9f1afd3 100644
--- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h
+++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
@@ -98,11 +98,6 @@ extern void mem_cgroup_end_migration(struct mem_cgroup *mem,
/*
* For memory reclaim.
*/
-extern int mem_cgroup_get_reclaim_priority(struct mem_cgroup *mem);
-extern void mem_cgroup_note_reclaim_priority(struct mem_cgroup *mem,
- int priority);
-extern void mem_cgroup_record_reclaim_priority(struct mem_cgroup *mem,
- int priority);
int mem_cgroup_inactive_anon_is_low(struct mem_cgroup *memcg);
int mem_cgroup_inactive_file_is_low(struct mem_cgroup *memcg);
unsigned long mem_cgroup_zone_nr_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
diff --git a/include/linux/mmzone.h b/include/linux/mmzone.h
index b4d109e..b578eee 100644
--- a/include/linux/mmzone.h
+++ b/include/linux/mmzone.h
@@ -348,21 +348,6 @@ struct zone {
atomic_long_t vm_stat[NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS];
/*
- * prev_priority holds the scanning priority for this zone. It is
- * defined as the scanning priority at which we achieved our reclaim
- * target at the previous try_to_free_pages() or balance_pgdat()
- * invocation.
- *
- * We use prev_priority as a measure of how much stress page reclaim is
- * under - it drives the swappiness decision: whether to unmap mapped
- * pages.
- *
- * Access to both this field is quite racy even on uniprocessor. But
- * it is expected to average out OK.
- */
- int prev_priority;
-
- /*
* The target ratio of ACTIVE_ANON to INACTIVE_ANON pages on
* this zone's LRU. Maintained by the pageout code.
*/
diff --git a/include/trace/events/gfpflags.h b/include/trace/events/gfpflags.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3615c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/trace/events/gfpflags.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * The order of these masks is important. Matching masks will be seen
+ * first and the left over flags will end up showing by themselves.
+ *
+ * For example, if we have GFP_KERNEL before GFP_USER we wil get:
+ *
+ * GFP_KERNEL|GFP_HARDWALL
+ *
+ * Thus most bits set go first.
+ */
+#define show_gfp_flags(flags) \
+ (flags) ? __print_flags(flags, "|", \
+ {(unsigned long)GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE, "GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)GFP_HIGHUSER, "GFP_HIGHUSER"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)GFP_USER, "GFP_USER"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)GFP_TEMPORARY, "GFP_TEMPORARY"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)GFP_KERNEL, "GFP_KERNEL"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)GFP_NOFS, "GFP_NOFS"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)GFP_ATOMIC, "GFP_ATOMIC"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)GFP_NOIO, "GFP_NOIO"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)__GFP_HIGH, "GFP_HIGH"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)__GFP_WAIT, "GFP_WAIT"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)__GFP_IO, "GFP_IO"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)__GFP_COLD, "GFP_COLD"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)__GFP_NOWARN, "GFP_NOWARN"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)__GFP_REPEAT, "GFP_REPEAT"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)__GFP_NOFAIL, "GFP_NOFAIL"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)__GFP_NORETRY, "GFP_NORETRY"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)__GFP_COMP, "GFP_COMP"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)__GFP_ZERO, "GFP_ZERO"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)__GFP_NOMEMALLOC, "GFP_NOMEMALLOC"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)__GFP_HARDWALL, "GFP_HARDWALL"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)__GFP_THISNODE, "GFP_THISNODE"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)__GFP_RECLAIMABLE, "GFP_RECLAIMABLE"}, \
+ {(unsigned long)__GFP_MOVABLE, "GFP_MOVABLE"} \
+ ) : "GFP_NOWAIT"
+
diff --git a/include/trace/events/kmem.h b/include/trace/events/kmem.h
index 3adca0c..a9c87ad 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/kmem.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/kmem.h
@@ -6,43 +6,7 @@
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/tracepoint.h>
-
-/*
- * The order of these masks is important. Matching masks will be seen
- * first and the left over flags will end up showing by themselves.
- *
- * For example, if we have GFP_KERNEL before GFP_USER we wil get:
- *
- * GFP_KERNEL|GFP_HARDWALL
- *
- * Thus most bits set go first.
- */
-#define show_gfp_flags(flags) \
- (flags) ? __print_flags(flags, "|", \
- {(unsigned long)GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE, "GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE"}, \
- {(unsigned long)GFP_HIGHUSER, "GFP_HIGHUSER"}, \
- {(unsigned long)GFP_USER, "GFP_USER"}, \
- {(unsigned long)GFP_TEMPORARY, "GFP_TEMPORARY"}, \
- {(unsigned long)GFP_KERNEL, "GFP_KERNEL"}, \
- {(unsigned long)GFP_NOFS, "GFP_NOFS"}, \
- {(unsigned long)GFP_ATOMIC, "GFP_ATOMIC"}, \
- {(unsigned long)GFP_NOIO, "GFP_NOIO"}, \
- {(unsigned long)__GFP_HIGH, "GFP_HIGH"}, \
- {(unsigned long)__GFP_WAIT, "GFP_WAIT"}, \
- {(unsigned long)__GFP_IO, "GFP_IO"}, \
- {(unsigned long)__GFP_COLD, "GFP_COLD"}, \
- {(unsigned long)__GFP_NOWARN, "GFP_NOWARN"}, \
- {(unsigned long)__GFP_REPEAT, "GFP_REPEAT"}, \
- {(unsigned long)__GFP_NOFAIL, "GFP_NOFAIL"}, \
- {(unsigned long)__GFP_NORETRY, "GFP_NORETRY"}, \
- {(unsigned long)__GFP_COMP, "GFP_COMP"}, \
- {(unsigned long)__GFP_ZERO, "GFP_ZERO"}, \
- {(unsigned long)__GFP_NOMEMALLOC, "GFP_NOMEMALLOC"}, \
- {(unsigned long)__GFP_HARDWALL, "GFP_HARDWALL"}, \
- {(unsigned long)__GFP_THISNODE, "GFP_THISNODE"}, \
- {(unsigned long)__GFP_RECLAIMABLE, "GFP_RECLAIMABLE"}, \
- {(unsigned long)__GFP_MOVABLE, "GFP_MOVABLE"} \
- ) : "GFP_NOWAIT"
+#include "gfpflags.h"
DECLARE_EVENT_CLASS(kmem_alloc,
diff --git a/include/trace/events/vmscan.h b/include/trace/events/vmscan.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2da66a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/trace/events/vmscan.h
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
+#define TRACE_SYSTEM vmscan
+
+#if !defined(_TRACE_VMSCAN_H) || defined(TRACE_HEADER_MULTI_READ)
+#define _TRACE_VMSCAN_H
+
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/tracepoint.h>
+#include "gfpflags.h"
+
+TRACE_EVENT(mm_vmscan_kswapd_sleep,
+
+ TP_PROTO(int nid),
+
+ TP_ARGS(nid),
+
+ TP_STRUCT__entry(
+ __field( int, nid )
+ ),
+
+ TP_fast_assign(
+ __entry->nid = nid;
+ ),
+
+ TP_printk("nid=%d", __entry->nid)
+);
+
+TRACE_EVENT(mm_vmscan_kswapd_wake,
+
+ TP_PROTO(int nid, int order),
+
+ TP_ARGS(nid, order),
+
+ TP_STRUCT__entry(
+ __field( int, nid )
+ __field( int, order )
+ ),
+
+ TP_fast_assign(
+ __entry->nid = nid;
+ __entry->order = order;
+ ),
+
+ TP_printk("nid=%d order=%d", __entry->nid, __entry->order)
+);
+
+TRACE_EVENT(mm_vmscan_wakeup_kswapd,
+
+ TP_PROTO(int nid, int zid, int order),
+
+ TP_ARGS(nid, zid, order),
+
+ TP_STRUCT__entry(
+ __field( int, nid )
+ __field( int, zid )
+ __field( int, order )
+ ),
+
+ TP_fast_assign(
+ __entry->nid = nid;
+ __entry->zid = zid;
+ __entry->order = order;
+ ),
+
+ TP_printk("nid=%d zid=%d order=%d",
+ __entry->nid,
+ __entry->zid,
+ __entry->order)
+);
+
+TRACE_EVENT(mm_vmscan_direct_reclaim_begin,
+
+ TP_PROTO(int order, int may_writepage, gfp_t gfp_flags),
+
+ TP_ARGS(order, may_writepage, gfp_flags),
+
+ TP_STRUCT__entry(
+ __field( int, order )
+ __field( int, may_writepage )
+ __field( gfp_t, gfp_flags )
+ ),
+
+ TP_fast_assign(
+ __entry->order = order;
+ __entry->may_writepage = may_writepage;
+ __entry->gfp_flags = gfp_flags;
+ ),
+
+ TP_printk("order=%d may_writepage=%d gfp_flags=%s",
+ __entry->order,
+ __entry->may_writepage,
+ show_gfp_flags(__entry->gfp_flags))
+);
+
+TRACE_EVENT(mm_vmscan_direct_reclaim_end,
+
+ TP_PROTO(unsigned long nr_reclaimed),
+
+ TP_ARGS(nr_reclaimed),
+
+ TP_STRUCT__entry(
+ __field( unsigned long, nr_reclaimed )
+ ),
+
+ TP_fast_assign(
+ __entry->nr_reclaimed = nr_reclaimed;
+ ),
+
+ TP_printk("nr_reclaimed=%lu", __entry->nr_reclaimed)
+);
+
+TRACE_EVENT(mm_vmscan_lru_isolate,
+
+ TP_PROTO(int order,
+ unsigned long nr_requested,
+ unsigned long nr_scanned,
+ unsigned long nr_taken,
+ unsigned long nr_lumpy_taken,
+ unsigned long nr_lumpy_dirty,
+ unsigned long nr_lumpy_failed,
+ int isolate_mode),
+
+ TP_ARGS(order, nr_requested, nr_scanned, nr_taken, nr_lumpy_taken, nr_lumpy_dirty, nr_lumpy_failed, isolate_mode),
+
+ TP_STRUCT__entry(
+ __field(int, order)
+ __field(unsigned long, nr_requested)
+ __field(unsigned long, nr_scanned)
+ __field(unsigned long, nr_taken)
+ __field(unsigned long, nr_lumpy_taken)
+ __field(unsigned long, nr_lumpy_dirty)
+ __field(unsigned long, nr_lumpy_failed)
+ __field(int, isolate_mode)
+ ),
+
+ TP_fast_assign(
+ __entry->order = order;
+ __entry->nr_requested = nr_requested;
+ __entry->nr_scanned = nr_scanned;
+ __entry->nr_taken = nr_taken;
+ __entry->nr_lumpy_taken = nr_lumpy_taken;
+ __entry->nr_lumpy_dirty = nr_lumpy_dirty;
+ __entry->nr_lumpy_failed = nr_lumpy_failed;
+ __entry->isolate_mode = isolate_mode;
+ ),
+
+ TP_printk("isolate_mode=%d order=%d nr_requested=%lu nr_scanned=%lu nr_taken=%lu contig_taken=%lu contig_dirty=%lu contig_failed=%lu",
+ __entry->isolate_mode,
+ __entry->order,
+ __entry->nr_requested,
+ __entry->nr_scanned,
+ __entry->nr_taken,
+ __entry->nr_lumpy_taken,
+ __entry->nr_lumpy_dirty,
+ __entry->nr_lumpy_failed)
+);
+
+TRACE_EVENT(mm_vmscan_writepage,
+
+ TP_PROTO(struct page *page,
+ int sync_io),
+
+ TP_ARGS(page, sync_io),
+
+ TP_STRUCT__entry(
+ __field(struct page *, page)
+ __field(int, sync_io)
+ ),
+
+ TP_fast_assign(
+ __entry->page = page;
+ __entry->sync_io = sync_io;
+ ),
+
+ TP_printk("page=%p pfn=%lu sync_io=%d",
+ __entry->page,
+ page_to_pfn(__entry->page),
+ __entry->sync_io)
+);
+
+#endif /* _TRACE_VMSCAN_H */
+
+/* This part must be outside protection */
+#include <trace/define_trace.h>
diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c
index 20a8193..31abd1c 100644
--- a/mm/memcontrol.c
+++ b/mm/memcontrol.c
@@ -211,8 +211,6 @@ struct mem_cgroup {
*/
spinlock_t reclaim_param_lock;
- int prev_priority; /* for recording reclaim priority */
-
/*
* While reclaiming in a hierarchy, we cache the last child we
* reclaimed from.
@@ -858,35 +856,6 @@ int task_in_mem_cgroup(struct task_struct *task, const struct mem_cgroup *mem)
return ret;
}
-/*
- * prev_priority control...this will be used in memory reclaim path.
- */
-int mem_cgroup_get_reclaim_priority(struct mem_cgroup *mem)
-{
- int prev_priority;
-
- spin_lock(&mem->reclaim_param_lock);
- prev_priority = mem->prev_priority;
- spin_unlock(&mem->reclaim_param_lock);
-
- return prev_priority;
-}
-
-void mem_cgroup_note_reclaim_priority(struct mem_cgroup *mem, int priority)
-{
- spin_lock(&mem->reclaim_param_lock);
- if (priority < mem->prev_priority)
- mem->prev_priority = priority;
- spin_unlock(&mem->reclaim_param_lock);
-}
-
-void mem_cgroup_record_reclaim_priority(struct mem_cgroup *mem, int priority)
-{
- spin_lock(&mem->reclaim_param_lock);
- mem->prev_priority = priority;
- spin_unlock(&mem->reclaim_param_lock);
-}
-
static int calc_inactive_ratio(struct mem_cgroup *memcg, unsigned long *present_pages)
{
unsigned long active;
diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
index 9bd339e..eefc8b5 100644
--- a/mm/page_alloc.c
+++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
@@ -4089,8 +4089,6 @@ static void __paginginit free_area_init_core(struct pglist_data *pgdat,
zone_seqlock_init(zone);
zone->zone_pgdat = pgdat;
- zone->prev_priority = DEF_PRIORITY;
-
zone_pcp_init(zone);
for_each_lru(l) {
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&zone->lru[l].list);
diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c
index b94fe1b..63447ff 100644
--- a/mm/vmscan.c
+++ b/mm/vmscan.c
@@ -48,6 +48,9 @@
#include "internal.h"
+#define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
+#include <trace/events/vmscan.h>
+
struct scan_control {
/* Incremented by the number of inactive pages that were scanned */
unsigned long nr_scanned;
@@ -398,6 +401,8 @@ static pageout_t pageout(struct page *page, struct address_space *mapping,
/* synchronous write or broken a_ops? */
ClearPageReclaim(page);
}
+ trace_mm_vmscan_writepage(page,
+ sync_writeback == PAGEOUT_IO_SYNC);
inc_zone_page_state(page, NR_VMSCAN_WRITE);
return PAGE_SUCCESS;
}
@@ -617,6 +622,24 @@ static enum page_references page_check_references(struct page *page,
return PAGEREF_RECLAIM;
}
+static noinline_for_stack void free_page_list(struct list_head *free_pages)
+{
+ struct pagevec freed_pvec;
+ struct page *page, *tmp;
+
+ pagevec_init(&freed_pvec, 1);
+
+ list_for_each_entry_safe(page, tmp, free_pages, lru) {
+ list_del(&page->lru);
+ if (!pagevec_add(&freed_pvec, page)) {
+ __pagevec_free(&freed_pvec);
+ pagevec_reinit(&freed_pvec);
+ }
+ }
+
+ pagevec_free(&freed_pvec);
+}
+
/*
* shrink_page_list() returns the number of reclaimed pages
*/
@@ -625,13 +648,12 @@ static unsigned long shrink_page_list(struct list_head *page_list,
enum pageout_io sync_writeback)
{
LIST_HEAD(ret_pages);
- struct pagevec freed_pvec;
+ LIST_HEAD(free_pages);
int pgactivate = 0;
unsigned long nr_reclaimed = 0;
cond_resched();
- pagevec_init(&freed_pvec, 1);
while (!list_empty(page_list)) {
enum page_references references;
struct address_space *mapping;
@@ -806,10 +828,12 @@ static unsigned long shrink_page_list(struct list_head *page_list,
__clear_page_locked(page);
free_it:
nr_reclaimed++;
- if (!pagevec_add(&freed_pvec, page)) {
- __pagevec_free(&freed_pvec);
- pagevec_reinit(&freed_pvec);
- }
+
+ /*
+ * Is there need to periodically free_page_list? It would
+ * appear not as the counts should be low
+ */
+ list_add(&page->lru, &free_pages);
continue;
cull_mlocked:
@@ -832,9 +856,10 @@ keep:
list_add(&page->lru, &ret_pages);
VM_BUG_ON(PageLRU(page) || PageUnevictable(page));
}
+
+ free_page_list(&free_pages);
+
list_splice(&ret_pages, page_list);
- if (pagevec_count(&freed_pvec))
- __pagevec_free(&freed_pvec);
count_vm_events(PGACTIVATE, pgactivate);
return nr_reclaimed;
}
@@ -916,6 +941,9 @@ static unsigned long isolate_lru_pages(unsigned long nr_to_scan,
unsigned long *scanned, int order, int mode, int file)
{
unsigned long nr_taken = 0;
+ unsigned long nr_lumpy_taken = 0;
+ unsigned long nr_lumpy_dirty = 0;
+ unsigned long nr_lumpy_failed = 0;
unsigned long scan;
for (scan = 0; scan < nr_to_scan && !list_empty(src); scan++) {
@@ -993,12 +1021,25 @@ static unsigned long isolate_lru_pages(unsigned long nr_to_scan,
list_move(&cursor_page->lru, dst);
mem_cgroup_del_lru(cursor_page);
nr_taken++;
+ nr_lumpy_taken++;
+ if (PageDirty(cursor_page))
+ nr_lumpy_dirty++;
scan++;
+ } else {
+ if (mode == ISOLATE_BOTH &&
+ page_count(cursor_page))
+ nr_lumpy_failed++;
}
}
}
*scanned = scan;
+
+ trace_mm_vmscan_lru_isolate(order,
+ nr_to_scan, scan,
+ nr_taken,
+ nr_lumpy_taken, nr_lumpy_dirty, nr_lumpy_failed,
+ mode);
return nr_taken;
}
@@ -1035,7 +1076,8 @@ static unsigned long clear_active_flags(struct list_head *page_list,
ClearPageActive(page);
nr_active++;
}
- count[lru]++;
+ if (count)
+ count[lru]++;
}
return nr_active;
@@ -1112,174 +1154,177 @@ static int too_many_isolated(struct zone *zone, int file,
}
/*
- * shrink_inactive_list() is a helper for shrink_zone(). It returns the number
- * of reclaimed pages
+ * TODO: Try merging with migrations version of putback_lru_pages
*/
-static unsigned long shrink_inactive_list(unsigned long max_scan,
- struct zone *zone, struct scan_control *sc,
- int priority, int file)
+static noinline_for_stack void
+putback_lru_pages(struct zone *zone, struct scan_control *sc,
+ unsigned long nr_anon, unsigned long nr_file,
+ struct list_head *page_list)
{
- LIST_HEAD(page_list);
+ struct page *page;
struct pagevec pvec;
- unsigned long nr_scanned = 0;
- unsigned long nr_reclaimed = 0;
struct zone_reclaim_stat *reclaim_stat = get_reclaim_stat(zone, sc);
- while (unlikely(too_many_isolated(zone, file, sc))) {
- congestion_wait(BLK_RW_ASYNC, HZ/10);
+ pagevec_init(&pvec, 1);
- /* We are about to die and free our memory. Return now. */
- if (fatal_signal_pending(current))
- return SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX;
+ /*
+ * Put back any unfreeable pages.
+ */
+ spin_lock(&zone->lru_lock);
+ while (!list_empty(page_list)) {
+ int lru;
+ page = lru_to_page(page_list);
+ VM_BUG_ON(PageLRU(page));
+ list_del(&page->lru);
+ if (unlikely(!page_evictable(page, NULL))) {
+ spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
+ putback_lru_page(page);
+ spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
+ continue;
+ }
+ SetPageLRU(page);
+ lru = page_lru(page);
+ add_page_to_lru_list(zone, page, lru);
+ if (is_active_lru(lru)) {
+ int file = is_file_lru(lru);
+ reclaim_stat->recent_rotated[file]++;
+ }
+ if (!pagevec_add(&pvec, page)) {
+ spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
+ __pagevec_release(&pvec);
+ spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
+ }
}
+ __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_ISOLATED_ANON, -nr_anon);
+ __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_ISOLATED_FILE, -nr_file);
+ spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
+ pagevec_release(&pvec);
+}
- pagevec_init(&pvec, 1);
+static noinline_for_stack void update_isolated_counts(struct zone *zone,
+ struct scan_control *sc,
+ unsigned long *nr_anon,
+ unsigned long *nr_file,
+ struct list_head *isolated_list)
+{
+ unsigned long nr_active;
+ unsigned int count[NR_LRU_LISTS] = { 0, };
+ struct zone_reclaim_stat *reclaim_stat = get_reclaim_stat(zone, sc);
- lru_add_drain();
- spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
- do {
- struct page *page;
- unsigned long nr_taken;
- unsigned long nr_scan;
- unsigned long nr_freed;
- unsigned long nr_active;
- unsigned int count[NR_LRU_LISTS] = { 0, };
- int mode = sc->lumpy_reclaim_mode ? ISOLATE_BOTH : ISOLATE_INACTIVE;
- unsigned long nr_anon;
- unsigned long nr_file;
+ nr_active = clear_active_flags(isolated_list, count);
+ __count_vm_events(PGDEACTIVATE, nr_active);
- if (scanning_global_lru(sc)) {
- nr_taken = isolate_pages_global(SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX,
- &page_list, &nr_scan,
- sc->order, mode,
- zone, 0, file);
- zone->pages_scanned += nr_scan;
- if (current_is_kswapd())
- __count_zone_vm_events(PGSCAN_KSWAPD, zone,
- nr_scan);
- else
- __count_zone_vm_events(PGSCAN_DIRECT, zone,
- nr_scan);
- } else {
- nr_taken = mem_cgroup_isolate_pages(SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX,
- &page_list, &nr_scan,
- sc->order, mode,
- zone, sc->mem_cgroup,
- 0, file);
- /*
- * mem_cgroup_isolate_pages() keeps track of
- * scanned pages on its own.
- */
- }
+ __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_ACTIVE_FILE,
+ -count[LRU_ACTIVE_FILE]);
+ __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_INACTIVE_FILE,
+ -count[LRU_INACTIVE_FILE]);
+ __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_ACTIVE_ANON,
+ -count[LRU_ACTIVE_ANON]);
+ __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_INACTIVE_ANON,
+ -count[LRU_INACTIVE_ANON]);
- if (nr_taken == 0)
- goto done;
+ *nr_anon = count[LRU_ACTIVE_ANON] + count[LRU_INACTIVE_ANON];
+ *nr_file = count[LRU_ACTIVE_FILE] + count[LRU_INACTIVE_FILE];
+ __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_ISOLATED_ANON, *nr_anon);
+ __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_ISOLATED_FILE, *nr_file);
- nr_active = clear_active_flags(&page_list, count);
- __count_vm_events(PGDEACTIVATE, nr_active);
+ reclaim_stat->recent_scanned[0] += *nr_anon;
+ reclaim_stat->recent_scanned[1] += *nr_file;
+}
- __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_ACTIVE_FILE,
- -count[LRU_ACTIVE_FILE]);
- __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_INACTIVE_FILE,
- -count[LRU_INACTIVE_FILE]);
- __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_ACTIVE_ANON,
- -count[LRU_ACTIVE_ANON]);
- __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_INACTIVE_ANON,
- -count[LRU_INACTIVE_ANON]);
+/*
+ * shrink_inactive_list() is a helper for shrink_zone(). It returns the number
+ * of reclaimed pages
+ */
+static noinline_for_stack unsigned long
+shrink_inactive_list(unsigned long nr_to_scan, struct zone *zone,
+ struct scan_control *sc, int priority, int file)
+{
+ LIST_HEAD(page_list);
+ unsigned long nr_scanned;
+ unsigned long nr_reclaimed = 0;
+ unsigned long nr_taken;
+ unsigned long nr_active;
+ unsigned long nr_anon;
+ unsigned long nr_file;
- nr_anon = count[LRU_ACTIVE_ANON] + count[LRU_INACTIVE_ANON];
- nr_file = count[LRU_ACTIVE_FILE] + count[LRU_INACTIVE_FILE];
- __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_ISOLATED_ANON, nr_anon);
- __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_ISOLATED_FILE, nr_file);
+ while (unlikely(too_many_isolated(zone, file, sc))) {
+ congestion_wait(BLK_RW_ASYNC, HZ/10);
- reclaim_stat->recent_scanned[0] += nr_anon;
- reclaim_stat->recent_scanned[1] += nr_file;
+ /* We are about to die and free our memory. Return now. */
+ if (fatal_signal_pending(current))
+ return SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX;
+ }
- spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
- nr_scanned += nr_scan;
- nr_freed = shrink_page_list(&page_list, sc, PAGEOUT_IO_ASYNC);
+ lru_add_drain();
+ spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
+ if (scanning_global_lru(sc)) {
+ nr_taken = isolate_pages_global(nr_to_scan,
+ &page_list, &nr_scanned, sc->order,
+ sc->lumpy_reclaim_mode ?
+ ISOLATE_BOTH : ISOLATE_INACTIVE,
+ zone, 0, file);
+ zone->pages_scanned += nr_scanned;
+ if (current_is_kswapd())
+ __count_zone_vm_events(PGSCAN_KSWAPD, zone,
+ nr_scanned);
+ else
+ __count_zone_vm_events(PGSCAN_DIRECT, zone,
+ nr_scanned);
+ } else {
+ nr_taken = mem_cgroup_isolate_pages(nr_to_scan,
+ &page_list, &nr_scanned, sc->order,
+ sc->lumpy_reclaim_mode ?
+ ISOLATE_BOTH : ISOLATE_INACTIVE,
+ zone, sc->mem_cgroup,
+ 0, file);
/*
- * If we are direct reclaiming for contiguous pages and we do
- * not reclaim everything in the list, try again and wait
- * for IO to complete. This will stall high-order allocations
- * but that should be acceptable to the caller
+ * mem_cgroup_isolate_pages() keeps track of
+ * scanned pages on its own.
*/
- if (nr_freed < nr_taken && !current_is_kswapd() &&
- sc->lumpy_reclaim_mode) {
- congestion_wait(BLK_RW_ASYNC, HZ/10);
+ }
- /*
- * The attempt at page out may have made some
- * of the pages active, mark them inactive again.
- */
- nr_active = clear_active_flags(&page_list, count);
- count_vm_events(PGDEACTIVATE, nr_active);
+ if (nr_taken == 0) {
+ spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
+ return 0;
+ }
- nr_freed += shrink_page_list(&page_list, sc,
- PAGEOUT_IO_SYNC);
- }
+ update_isolated_counts(zone, sc, &nr_anon, &nr_file, &page_list);
- nr_reclaimed += nr_freed;
+ spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
- local_irq_disable();
- if (current_is_kswapd())
- __count_vm_events(KSWAPD_STEAL, nr_freed);
- __count_zone_vm_events(PGSTEAL, zone, nr_freed);
+ nr_reclaimed = shrink_page_list(&page_list, sc, PAGEOUT_IO_ASYNC);
+
+ /*
+ * If we are direct reclaiming for contiguous pages and we do
+ * not reclaim everything in the list, try again and wait
+ * for IO to complete. This will stall high-order allocations
+ * but that should be acceptable to the caller
+ */
+ if (nr_reclaimed < nr_taken && !current_is_kswapd() &&
+ sc->lumpy_reclaim_mode) {
+ congestion_wait(BLK_RW_ASYNC, HZ/10);
- spin_lock(&zone->lru_lock);
/*
- * Put back any unfreeable pages.
+ * The attempt at page out may have made some
+ * of the pages active, mark them inactive again.
*/
- while (!list_empty(&page_list)) {
- int lru;
- page = lru_to_page(&page_list);
- VM_BUG_ON(PageLRU(page));
- list_del(&page->lru);
- if (unlikely(!page_evictable(page, NULL))) {
- spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
- putback_lru_page(page);
- spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
- continue;
- }
- SetPageLRU(page);
- lru = page_lru(page);
- add_page_to_lru_list(zone, page, lru);
- if (is_active_lru(lru)) {
- int file = is_file_lru(lru);
- reclaim_stat->recent_rotated[file]++;
- }
- if (!pagevec_add(&pvec, page)) {
- spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
- __pagevec_release(&pvec);
- spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
- }
- }
- __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_ISOLATED_ANON, -nr_anon);
- __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_ISOLATED_FILE, -nr_file);
+ nr_active = clear_active_flags(&page_list, NULL);
+ count_vm_events(PGDEACTIVATE, nr_active);
- } while (nr_scanned < max_scan);
+ nr_reclaimed += shrink_page_list(&page_list, sc, PAGEOUT_IO_SYNC);
+ }
-done:
- spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
- pagevec_release(&pvec);
- return nr_reclaimed;
-}
+ local_irq_disable();
+ if (current_is_kswapd())
+ __count_vm_events(KSWAPD_STEAL, nr_reclaimed);
+ __count_zone_vm_events(PGSTEAL, zone, nr_reclaimed);
-/*
- * We are about to scan this zone at a certain priority level. If that priority
- * level is smaller (ie: more urgent) than the previous priority, then note
- * that priority level within the zone. This is done so that when the next
- * process comes in to scan this zone, it will immediately start out at this
- * priority level rather than having to build up its own scanning priority.
- * Here, this priority affects only the reclaim-mapped threshold.
- */
-static inline void note_zone_scanning_priority(struct zone *zone, int priority)
-{
- if (priority < zone->prev_priority)
- zone->prev_priority = priority;
+ putback_lru_pages(zone, sc, nr_anon, nr_file, &page_list);
+ return nr_reclaimed;
}
/*
@@ -1729,13 +1774,12 @@ static void shrink_zone(int priority, struct zone *zone,
static bool shrink_zones(int priority, struct zonelist *zonelist,
struct scan_control *sc)
{
- enum zone_type high_zoneidx = gfp_zone(sc->gfp_mask);
struct zoneref *z;
struct zone *zone;
bool all_unreclaimable = true;
- for_each_zone_zonelist_nodemask(zone, z, zonelist, high_zoneidx,
- sc->nodemask) {
+ for_each_zone_zonelist_nodemask(zone, z, zonelist,
+ gfp_zone(sc->gfp_mask), sc->nodemask) {
if (!populated_zone(zone))
continue;
/*
@@ -1745,17 +1789,8 @@ static bool shrink_zones(int priority, struct zonelist *zonelist,
if (scanning_global_lru(sc)) {
if (!cpuset_zone_allowed_hardwall(zone, GFP_KERNEL))
continue;
- note_zone_scanning_priority(zone, priority);
-
if (zone->all_unreclaimable && priority != DEF_PRIORITY)
continue; /* Let kswapd poll it */
- } else {
- /*
- * Ignore cpuset limitation here. We just want to reduce
- * # of used pages by us regardless of memory shortage.
- */
- mem_cgroup_note_reclaim_priority(sc->mem_cgroup,
- priority);
}
shrink_zone(priority, zone, sc);
@@ -1787,10 +1822,8 @@ static unsigned long do_try_to_free_pages(struct zonelist *zonelist,
bool all_unreclaimable;
unsigned long total_scanned = 0;
struct reclaim_state *reclaim_state = current->reclaim_state;
- unsigned long lru_pages = 0;
struct zoneref *z;
struct zone *zone;
- enum zone_type high_zoneidx = gfp_zone(sc->gfp_mask);
unsigned long writeback_threshold;
get_mems_allowed();
@@ -1798,18 +1831,6 @@ static unsigned long do_try_to_free_pages(struct zonelist *zonelist,
if (scanning_global_lru(sc))
count_vm_event(ALLOCSTALL);
- /*
- * mem_cgroup will not do shrink_slab.
- */
- if (scanning_global_lru(sc)) {
- for_each_zone_zonelist(zone, z, zonelist, high_zoneidx) {
-
- if (!cpuset_zone_allowed_hardwall(zone, GFP_KERNEL))
- continue;
-
- lru_pages += zone_reclaimable_pages(zone);
- }
- }
for (priority = DEF_PRIORITY; priority >= 0; priority--) {
sc->nr_scanned = 0;
@@ -1821,6 +1842,15 @@ static unsigned long do_try_to_free_pages(struct zonelist *zonelist,
* over limit cgroups
*/
if (scanning_global_lru(sc)) {
+ unsigned long lru_pages = 0;
+ for_each_zone_zonelist(zone, z, zonelist,
+ gfp_zone(sc->gfp_mask)) {
+ if (!cpuset_zone_allowed_hardwall(zone, GFP_KERNEL))
+ continue;
+
+ lru_pages += zone_reclaimable_pages(zone);
+ }
+
shrink_slab(sc->nr_scanned, sc->gfp_mask, lru_pages);
if (reclaim_state) {
sc->nr_reclaimed += reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab;
@@ -1861,17 +1891,6 @@ out:
if (priority < 0)
priority = 0;
- if (scanning_global_lru(sc)) {
- for_each_zone_zonelist(zone, z, zonelist, high_zoneidx) {
-
- if (!cpuset_zone_allowed_hardwall(zone, GFP_KERNEL))
- continue;
-
- zone->prev_priority = priority;
- }
- } else
- mem_cgroup_record_reclaim_priority(sc->mem_cgroup, priority);
-
delayacct_freepages_end();
put_mems_allowed();
@@ -1888,6 +1907,7 @@ out:
unsigned long try_to_free_pages(struct zonelist *zonelist, int order,
gfp_t gfp_mask, nodemask_t *nodemask)
{
+ unsigned long nr_reclaimed;
struct scan_control sc = {
.gfp_mask = gfp_mask,
.may_writepage = !laptop_mode,
@@ -1900,7 +1920,15 @@ unsigned long try_to_free_pages(struct zonelist *zonelist, int order,
.nodemask = nodemask,
};
- return do_try_to_free_pages(zonelist, &sc);
+ trace_mm_vmscan_direct_reclaim_begin(order,
+ sc.may_writepage,
+ gfp_mask);
+
+ nr_reclaimed = do_try_to_free_pages(zonelist, &sc);
+
+ trace_mm_vmscan_direct_reclaim_end(nr_reclaimed);
+
+ return nr_reclaimed;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR
@@ -2028,22 +2056,12 @@ static unsigned long balance_pgdat(pg_data_t *pgdat, int order)
.order = order,
.mem_cgroup = NULL,
};
- /*
- * temp_priority is used to remember the scanning priority at which
- * this zone was successfully refilled to
- * free_pages == high_wmark_pages(zone).
- */
- int temp_priority[MAX_NR_ZONES];
-
loop_again:
total_scanned = 0;
sc.nr_reclaimed = 0;
sc.may_writepage = !laptop_mode;
count_vm_event(PAGEOUTRUN);
- for (i = 0; i < pgdat->nr_zones; i++)
- temp_priority[i] = DEF_PRIORITY;
-
for (priority = DEF_PRIORITY; priority >= 0; priority--) {
int end_zone = 0; /* Inclusive. 0 = ZONE_DMA */
unsigned long lru_pages = 0;
@@ -2111,9 +2129,7 @@ loop_again:
if (zone->all_unreclaimable && priority != DEF_PRIORITY)
continue;
- temp_priority[i] = priority;
sc.nr_scanned = 0;
- note_zone_scanning_priority(zone, priority);
nid = pgdat->node_id;
zid = zone_idx(zone);
@@ -2186,16 +2202,6 @@ loop_again:
break;
}
out:
- /*
- * Note within each zone the priority level at which this zone was
- * brought into a happy state. So that the next thread which scans this
- * zone will start out at that priority level.
- */
- for (i = 0; i < pgdat->nr_zones; i++) {
- struct zone *zone = pgdat->node_zones + i;
-
- zone->prev_priority = temp_priority[i];
- }
if (!all_zones_ok) {
cond_resched();
@@ -2299,9 +2305,10 @@ static int kswapd(void *p)
* premature sleep. If not, then go fully
* to sleep until explicitly woken up
*/
- if (!sleeping_prematurely(pgdat, order, remaining))
+ if (!sleeping_prematurely(pgdat, order, remaining)) {
+ trace_mm_vmscan_kswapd_sleep(pgdat->node_id);
schedule();
- else {
+ } else {
if (remaining)
count_vm_event(KSWAPD_LOW_WMARK_HIT_QUICKLY);
else
@@ -2321,8 +2328,10 @@ static int kswapd(void *p)
* We can speed up thawing tasks if we don't call balance_pgdat
* after returning from the refrigerator
*/
- if (!ret)
+ if (!ret) {
+ trace_mm_vmscan_kswapd_wake(pgdat->node_id, order);
balance_pgdat(pgdat, order);
+ }
}
return 0;
}
@@ -2342,6 +2351,7 @@ void wakeup_kswapd(struct zone *zone, int order)
return;
if (pgdat->kswapd_max_order < order)
pgdat->kswapd_max_order = order;
+ trace_mm_vmscan_wakeup_kswapd(pgdat->node_id, zone_idx(zone), order);
if (!cpuset_zone_allowed_hardwall(zone, GFP_KERNEL))
return;
if (!waitqueue_active(&pgdat->kswapd_wait))
@@ -2611,7 +2621,6 @@ static int __zone_reclaim(struct zone *zone, gfp_t gfp_mask, unsigned int order)
*/
priority = ZONE_RECLAIM_PRIORITY;
do {
- note_zone_scanning_priority(zone, priority);
shrink_zone(priority, zone, &sc);
priority--;
} while (priority >= 0 && sc.nr_reclaimed < nr_pages);
diff --git a/mm/vmstat.c b/mm/vmstat.c
index 7759941..5c0b1b6 100644
--- a/mm/vmstat.c
+++ b/mm/vmstat.c
@@ -853,11 +853,9 @@ static void zoneinfo_show_print(struct seq_file *m, pg_data_t *pgdat,
}
seq_printf(m,
"\n all_unreclaimable: %u"
- "\n prev_priority: %i"
"\n start_pfn: %lu"
"\n inactive_ratio: %u",
zone->all_unreclaimable,
- zone->prev_priority,
zone->zone_start_pfn,
zone->inactive_ratio);
seq_putc(m, '\n');
--
1.7.1
--
To unsubscribe, send a message with 'unsubscribe linux-mm' in
the body to majordomo@xxxxxxxxxx For more info on Linux MM,
see: http://www.linux-mm.org/ .
Don't email: <a href=mailto:"dont@xxxxxxxxx";> email@xxxxxxxxx </a>