Re: [PATCH 08/13] media: i2c: imx214: Add vblank and hblank controls

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Hi André & Ricardo

On Thu, 12 Sept 2024 at 14:41, Ricardo Ribalda Delgado
<ribalda@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
>
> Hi
>
> Arent you missing some chage in enum_frame_interval?

Raw sensors shouldn't be using [enum|set|get]_frame_interval at all
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/userspace-api/media/drivers/camera-sensor.html#frame-interval-configuration

The question now is how to handle the backwards compatibility for any
userspace app that might be using this driver and expecting to use the
frame_interval calls.
Seeing as it only ever allowed a fixed value of 30fps, leaving it as
is with a comment as to why it is there would be reasonable in my
view.

> On Mon, Sep 2, 2024 at 11:53 PM André Apitzsch via B4 Relay
> <devnull+git.apitzsch.eu@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
> >
> > From: André Apitzsch <git@xxxxxxxxxxx>
> >
> > Add vblank control to allow changing the framerate /
> > higher exposure values.
> >
> > The vblank and hblank controls are needed for libcamera support.
> >
> > While at it, fix the minimal exposure time according to the datasheet.
> >
> > Signed-off-by: André Apitzsch <git@xxxxxxxxxxx>
> > ---
> >  drivers/media/i2c/imx214.c | 112 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------
> >  1 file changed, 91 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/drivers/media/i2c/imx214.c b/drivers/media/i2c/imx214.c
> > index 3b422cddbdce..9f5a57aebb86 100644
> > --- a/drivers/media/i2c/imx214.c
> > +++ b/drivers/media/i2c/imx214.c
> > @@ -34,11 +34,18 @@
> >
> >  /* V-TIMING internal */
> >  #define IMX214_REG_FRM_LENGTH_LINES    CCI_REG16(0x0340)
> > +#define IMX214_VTS_MAX                 0xffff
> > +
> > +#define IMX214_VBLANK_MIN              4
> > +
> > +/* HBLANK control - read only */
> > +#define IMX214_PPL_DEFAULT             5008
> >
> >  /* Exposure control */
> >  #define IMX214_REG_EXPOSURE            CCI_REG16(0x0202)
> > -#define IMX214_EXPOSURE_MIN            0
> > -#define IMX214_EXPOSURE_MAX            3184
> > +#define IMX214_EXPOSURE_OFFSET         10
> > +#define IMX214_EXPOSURE_MIN            1
> > +#define IMX214_EXPOSURE_MAX            (IMX214_VTS_MAX - IMX214_EXPOSURE_OFFSET)
> >  #define IMX214_EXPOSURE_STEP           1
> >  #define IMX214_EXPOSURE_DEFAULT                3184
> >  #define IMX214_REG_EXPOSURE_RATIO      CCI_REG8(0x0222)
> > @@ -189,6 +196,8 @@ struct imx214 {
> >         struct v4l2_ctrl_handler ctrls;
> >         struct v4l2_ctrl *pixel_rate;
> >         struct v4l2_ctrl *link_freq;
> > +       struct v4l2_ctrl *vblank;
> > +       struct v4l2_ctrl *hblank;
> >         struct v4l2_ctrl *exposure;
> >         struct v4l2_ctrl *unit_size;
> >
> > @@ -205,8 +214,6 @@ static const struct cci_reg_sequence mode_4096x2304[] = {
> >         { IMX214_REG_HDR_MODE, IMX214_HDR_MODE_OFF },
> >         { IMX214_REG_HDR_RES_REDUCTION, IMX214_HDR_RES_REDU_THROUGH },
> >         { IMX214_REG_EXPOSURE_RATIO, 1 },
> > -       { IMX214_REG_FRM_LENGTH_LINES, 3194 },
> > -       { IMX214_REG_LINE_LENGTH_PCK, 5008 },
> >         { IMX214_REG_X_ADD_STA, 56 },
> >         { IMX214_REG_Y_ADD_STA, 408 },
> >         { IMX214_REG_X_ADD_END, 4151 },
> > @@ -277,8 +284,6 @@ static const struct cci_reg_sequence mode_1920x1080[] = {
> >         { IMX214_REG_HDR_MODE, IMX214_HDR_MODE_OFF },
> >         { IMX214_REG_HDR_RES_REDUCTION, IMX214_HDR_RES_REDU_THROUGH },
> >         { IMX214_REG_EXPOSURE_RATIO, 1 },
> > -       { IMX214_REG_FRM_LENGTH_LINES, 3194 },
> > -       { IMX214_REG_LINE_LENGTH_PCK, 5008 },
> >         { IMX214_REG_X_ADD_STA, 1144 },
> >         { IMX214_REG_Y_ADD_STA, 1020 },
> >         { IMX214_REG_X_ADD_END, 3063 },
> > @@ -362,6 +367,7 @@ static const struct cci_reg_sequence mode_table_common[] = {
> >         { IMX214_REG_ORIENTATION, 0 },
> >         { IMX214_REG_MASK_CORR_FRAMES, IMX214_CORR_FRAMES_MASK },
> >         { IMX214_REG_FAST_STANDBY_CTRL, 1 },
> > +       { IMX214_REG_LINE_LENGTH_PCK, IMX214_PPL_DEFAULT },
> >         { CCI_REG8(0x4550), 0x02 },
> >         { CCI_REG8(0x4601), 0x00 },
> >         { CCI_REG8(0x4642), 0x05 },
> > @@ -465,18 +471,24 @@ static const struct cci_reg_sequence mode_table_common[] = {
> >  static const struct imx214_mode {
> >         u32 width;
> >         u32 height;
> > +
> > +       /* V-timing */
> > +       unsigned int vts_def;
> > +
> >         unsigned int num_of_regs;
> >         const struct cci_reg_sequence *reg_table;
> >  } imx214_modes[] = {
> >         {
> >                 .width = 4096,
> >                 .height = 2304,
> > +               .vts_def = 3194,
> >                 .num_of_regs = ARRAY_SIZE(mode_4096x2304),
> >                 .reg_table = mode_4096x2304,
> >         },
> >         {
> >                 .width = 1920,
> >                 .height = 1080,
> > +               .vts_def = 3194,
> >                 .num_of_regs = ARRAY_SIZE(mode_1920x1080),
> >                 .reg_table = mode_1920x1080,
> >         },
> > @@ -629,6 +641,37 @@ static int imx214_set_format(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
> >         __crop->width = mode->width;
> >         __crop->height = mode->height;
> >
> > +       if (format->which == V4L2_SUBDEV_FORMAT_ACTIVE) {
> > +               int exposure_max;
> > +               int exposure_def;
> > +               int hblank;
> > +
> > +               /* Update limits and set FPS to default */
> > +               __v4l2_ctrl_modify_range(imx214->vblank, IMX214_VBLANK_MIN,
> > +                                        IMX214_VTS_MAX - mode->height, 1,
> > +                                        mode->vts_def - mode->height);
> > +               __v4l2_ctrl_s_ctrl(imx214->vblank,
> > +                                  mode->vts_def - mode->height);
> > +
> > +               /* Update max exposure while meeting expected vblanking */
> > +               exposure_max = mode->vts_def - IMX214_EXPOSURE_OFFSET;
> > +               exposure_def = (exposure_max < IMX214_EXPOSURE_DEFAULT) ?
> > +                       exposure_max : IMX214_EXPOSURE_DEFAULT;
> > +               __v4l2_ctrl_modify_range(imx214->exposure,
> > +                                        imx214->exposure->minimum,
> > +                                        exposure_max, imx214->exposure->step,
> > +                                        exposure_def);
> > +
> > +               /*
> > +                * Currently PPL is fixed to IMX214_PPL_DEFAULT, so hblank
> > +                * depends on mode->width only, and is not changeble in any
> > +                * way other than changing the mode.
> > +                */
> > +               hblank = IMX214_PPL_DEFAULT - mode->width;
> > +               __v4l2_ctrl_modify_range(imx214->hblank, hblank, hblank, 1,
> > +                                        hblank);
> > +       }
> > +
> >         return 0;
> >  }
> >
> > @@ -678,8 +721,25 @@ static int imx214_set_ctrl(struct v4l2_ctrl *ctrl)
> >  {
> >         struct imx214 *imx214 = container_of(ctrl->handler,
> >                                              struct imx214, ctrls);
> > +       const struct v4l2_mbus_framefmt *format;
> > +       struct v4l2_subdev_state *state;
> >         int ret;
> >
> > +       state = v4l2_subdev_get_locked_active_state(&imx214->sd);
> > +       format = v4l2_subdev_state_get_format(state, 0);
> > +
> > +       if (ctrl->id == V4L2_CID_VBLANK) {
> > +               int exposure_max, exposure_def;
> > +
> > +               /* Update max exposure while meeting expected vblanking */
> > +               exposure_max = format->height + ctrl->val - IMX214_EXPOSURE_OFFSET;
> > +               exposure_def = min(exposure_max, IMX214_EXPOSURE_DEFAULT);
> > +               __v4l2_ctrl_modify_range(imx214->exposure,
> > +                                        imx214->exposure->minimum,
> > +                                        exposure_max, imx214->exposure->step,
> > +                                        exposure_def);
> > +       }
> > +
> >         /*
> >          * Applying V4L2 control value only happens
> >          * when power is up for streaming
> > @@ -691,7 +751,10 @@ static int imx214_set_ctrl(struct v4l2_ctrl *ctrl)
> >         case V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE:
> >                 cci_write(imx214->regmap, IMX214_REG_EXPOSURE, ctrl->val, &ret);
> >                 break;
> > -
> > +       case V4L2_CID_VBLANK:
> > +               cci_write(imx214->regmap, IMX214_REG_FRM_LENGTH_LINES,
> > +                         format->height + ctrl->val, &ret);

My datasheet says this register is "set up in multiples of 2".
(LINE_LENGTH_PCK for HBLANK is "set in multiples of 8")

I don't have one of these modules, but is that saying only multiples
of 2 are permitted (in which case the step size for the control needs
to reflect that), or that setting a value of N is interpreted by the
hardware as 2N?
Do all the numbers with PIXEL_RATE work out correctly in the frame rate calcs?

Reading the spec sheet that 30fps is the max frame rate at full res
(4096x2304), and the driver was setting a value of 3194 to this
register, I don't see it being interpreted as 2N. Then again having
VBLANK at 890 seems pretty high.

> > +               break;
> >         default:
> >                 ret = -EINVAL;
> >         }
> > @@ -714,8 +777,11 @@ static int imx214_ctrls_init(struct imx214 *imx214)
> >                 .width = 1120,
> >                 .height = 1120,
> >         };
> > +       const struct imx214_mode *mode = &imx214_modes[0];
> >         struct v4l2_fwnode_device_properties props;
> >         struct v4l2_ctrl_handler *ctrl_hdlr;
> > +       int exposure_max, exposure_def;
> > +       int hblank;
> >         int ret;
> >
> >         ret = v4l2_fwnode_device_parse(imx214->dev, &props);
> > @@ -723,7 +789,7 @@ static int imx214_ctrls_init(struct imx214 *imx214)
> >                 return ret;
> >
> >         ctrl_hdlr = &imx214->ctrls;
> > -       ret = v4l2_ctrl_handler_init(&imx214->ctrls, 6);
> > +       ret = v4l2_ctrl_handler_init(&imx214->ctrls, 8);
> >         if (ret)
> >                 return ret;
> >
> > @@ -739,22 +805,26 @@ static int imx214_ctrls_init(struct imx214 *imx214)
> >         if (imx214->link_freq)
> >                 imx214->link_freq->flags |= V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_READ_ONLY;
> >
> > -       /*
> > -        * WARNING!
> > -        * Values obtained reverse engineering blobs and/or devices.
> > -        * Ranges and functionality might be wrong.
> > -        *
> > -        * Sony, please release some register set documentation for the
> > -        * device.
> > -        *
> > -        * Yours sincerely, Ricardo.
> > -        */
>
> I would like to keep this comment until there is a public document available.

I suspect you'll be waiting forever for a document to be officially released.

I have a datasheet for IMX214, and I believe Kieran and Jacopo do too.
Which specific values do you wish to be verified?

>
> > +       /* Initial vblank/hblank/exposure parameters based on current mode */
> > +       imx214->vblank = v4l2_ctrl_new_std(ctrl_hdlr, &imx214_ctrl_ops,
> > +                                          V4L2_CID_VBLANK, IMX214_VBLANK_MIN,

IMX214_VBLANK_MIN being 4 feels plausible, but pretty low.
I read the datasheet to say there are 4 embedded data lines per image.
Seeing as you have STATS data output enabled as well that makes 5
lines of non-image data per frame, but you're only adding blanking
time for 4 lines.

As noted above, I think you've also increased the max frame rate
significantly above that quoted by Sony. Has that been actually
exercised and confirmed to function correctly?

  Dave

> > +                                          IMX214_VTS_MAX - mode->height, 1,
> > +                                          mode->vts_def - mode->height);
> > +
> > +       hblank = IMX214_PPL_DEFAULT - mode->width;
> > +       imx214->hblank = v4l2_ctrl_new_std(ctrl_hdlr, &imx214_ctrl_ops,
> > +                                          V4L2_CID_HBLANK, hblank, hblank,
> > +                                          1, hblank);
> > +       if (imx214->hblank)
> > +               imx214->hblank->flags |= V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_READ_ONLY;
> > +
> > +       exposure_max = mode->vts_def - IMX214_EXPOSURE_OFFSET;
> > +       exposure_def = min(exposure_max, IMX214_EXPOSURE_DEFAULT);
> >         imx214->exposure = v4l2_ctrl_new_std(ctrl_hdlr, &imx214_ctrl_ops,
> >                                              V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE,
> > -                                            IMX214_EXPOSURE_MIN,
> > -                                            IMX214_EXPOSURE_MAX,
> > +                                            IMX214_EXPOSURE_MIN, exposure_max,
> >                                              IMX214_EXPOSURE_STEP,
> > -                                            IMX214_EXPOSURE_DEFAULT);
> > +                                            exposure_def);
> >
> >         imx214->unit_size = v4l2_ctrl_new_std_compound(ctrl_hdlr,
> >                                 NULL,
> >
> > --
> > 2.46.0
> >
> >
>





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