It is not trivial to implement the logic that collects DVBv5
statistics. As we're seein lately too many implementations
that are not quite right when reviewing patchsets, add a
detailed explanation, adding a few examples about the right
thing to be done.
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
Documentation/media/kapi/dtv-core.rst | 279 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1 file changed, 279 insertions(+)
diff --git a/Documentation/media/kapi/dtv-core.rst b/Documentation/media/kapi/dtv-core.rst
index ff86bf0abeae..bec7875a7e2e 100644
--- a/Documentation/media/kapi/dtv-core.rst
+++ b/Documentation/media/kapi/dtv-core.rst
@@ -74,6 +74,285 @@ part of their handler for :c:type:`device_driver`.\ ``resume()``.
A few other optional functions are provided to handle some special cases.
+Digital TV Frontend statistics
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Introduction
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Digital TV frontends provide a range of
+:ref:`statistics <frontend-stat-properties>` meant to help tuning the device
+and measuring the quality of service.
+
+For each statistics measurement, the driver should set the type of scale used,
+or ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` if the statistics is not available on a given
+time. Drivers should also provide the number of statistics for each type.
+that's usually 1 for most video standards [#f1]_.
+
+Drivers should initialize each statistic counters with length and
+scale at its init code. For example, if the frontend provides signal
+strength, it should have, on its init code::
+
+ struct dtv_frontend_properties *c = &state->fe.dtv_property_cache;
+
+ c->strength.len = 1;
+ c->strength.stat[0].scale = FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+
+And, when the statistics got updated, set the scale::
+
+ c->strength.stat[0].scale = FE_SCALE_DECIBEL;
+ c->strength.stat[0].uvalue = strength;
+
+.. [#f1] For ISDB-T, it may provide both a global statistics and a per-layer
+ set of statistics. On such cases, len should be equal to 4. The first
+ value corresponds to the global stat; the other ones to each layer, e. g.:
+
+ - c->cnr.stat[0] for global S/N carrier ratio,
+ - c->cnr.stat[1] for Layer A S/N carrier ratio,
+ - c->cnr.stat[2] for layer B S/N carrier ratio,
+ - c->cnr.stat[3] for layer C S/N carrier ratio.
+
+.. note:: Please prefer to use ``FE_SCALE_DECIBEL`` instead of
+ ``FE_SCALE_RELATIVE`` for signal strength and CNR measurements.
+
+Groups of statistics
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+There are several groups of statistics currently supported:
+
+Signal strength (:ref:`DTV-STAT-SIGNAL-STRENGTH`)
+ - Measures the signal strength level at the analog part of the tuner or
+ demod.
+
+ - Typically obtained from the gain applied to the tuner and/or frontend
+ in order to detect the carrier. When no carrier is detected, the gain is
+ at the maximum value (so, strength is on its minimal).
+
+ - As the gain is visible through the set of registers that adjust the gain,
+ typically, this statistics is always available [#f2]_.
+
+ - Drivers should try to make it available all the times, as this statistics
+ can be used when adjusting an antenna position and to check for troubles
+ at the cabling.
+
+ .. [#f2] On a few devices, the gain keeps floating if no carrier.
+ On such devices, strength report should check first if carrier is
+ detected at the tuner (``FE_HAS_CARRIER``, see :c:type:`fe_status`),
+ and otherwise return the lowest possible value.
+
+Carrier Signal to Noise ratio (:ref:`DTV-STAT-CNR`)
+ - Signal to Noise ratio for the main carrier.
+
+ - Signal to Noise measurement depends on the device. On some hardware, is
+ available when the main carrier is detected. On those hardware, CNR
+ measurement usually comes from the tuner (e. g. after ``FE_HAS_CARRIER``,
+ see :c:type:`fe_status`).
+
+ On other devices, it requires inner FEC decoding,
+ as the frontend measures it indirectly from other parameters (e. g. after
+ ``FE_HAS_VITERBI``, see :c:type:`fe_status`).
+
+ Having it available after inner FEC is more common.
+
+Bit counts post-FEC (:ref:`DTV-STAT-POST-ERROR-BIT-COUNT` and :ref:`DTV-STAT-POST-TOTAL-BIT-COUNT`)
+ - Those counters measure the number of bits and bit errors errors after
+ the forward error correction (FEC) on the inner coding block
+ (after Viterbi, LDPC or other inner code).
+
+ - Due to its nature, those statistics depend on full coding lock
+ (e. g. after ``FE_HAS_SYNC`` or after ``FE_HAS_LOCK``,
+ see :c:type:`fe_status`).
+
+Bit counts pre-FEC (:ref:`DTV-STAT-PRE-ERROR-BIT-COUNT` and :ref:`DTV-STAT-PRE-TOTAL-BIT-COUNT`)
+ - Those counters measure the number of bits and bit errors errors before
+ the forward error correction (FEC) on the inner coding block
+ (before Viterbi, LDPC or other inner code).
+
+ - Not all frontends provide this kind of statistics.
+
+ - Due to its nature, those statistics depend on inner coding lock (e. g.
+ after ``FE_HAS_VITERBI``, see :c:type:`fe_status`).
+
+Block counts (:ref:`DTV-STAT-ERROR-BLOCK-COUNT` and :ref:`DTV-STAT-TOTAL-BLOCK-COUNT`)
+ - Those counters measure the number of blocks and block errors errors after
+ the forward error correction (FEC) on the inner coding block
+ (before Viterbi, LDPC or other inner code).
+
+ - Due to its nature, those statistics depend on full coding lock
+ (e. g. after ``FE_HAS_SYNC`` or after
+ ``FE_HAS_LOCK``, see :c:type:`fe_status`).
+
+.. note:: All counters should be monotonically increased as they're
+ collected from the hardware.
+
+A typical example of the logic that handle status and statistics is::
+
+ static int foo_get_status_and_stats(struct dvb_frontend *fe)
+ {
+ struct foo_state *state = fe->demodulator_priv;
+ struct dtv_frontend_properties *c = &fe->dtv_property_cache;
+
+ int rc;
+ enum fe_status *status;
+
+ /* Both status and strength are always available */
+ rc = foo_read_status(fe, &status);
+ if (rc < 0)
+ return rc;
+
+ rc = foo_read_strength(fe);
+ if (rc < 0)
+ return rc;
+
+ /* Check if CNR is available */
+ if (!(fe->status & FE_HAS_CARRIER))
+ return 0;
+
+ rc = foo_read_cnr(fe);
+ if (rc < 0)
+ return rc;
+
+ /* Check if pre-BER stats are available */
+ if (!(fe->status & FE_HAS_VITERBI))
+ return 0;
+
+ rc = foo_get_pre_ber(fe);
+ if (rc < 0)
+ return rc;
+
+ /* Check if post-BER stats are available */
+ if (!(fe->status & FE_HAS_SYNC))
+ return 0;
+
+ rc = foo_get_post_ber(fe);
+ if (rc < 0)
+ return rc;
+ }
+
+ static const struct dvb_frontend_ops ops = {
+ /* ... */
+ .read_status = foo_get_status_and_stats,
+ };
+
+Statistics collect
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+On almost all frontend hardware, the bit and byte counts are stored by
+the hardware after a certain amount of time or after the total bit/block
+counter reaches a certain value (usually programable), for example, on
+every 1000 ms or after receiving 1,000,000 bits.
+
+So, if you read the registers too soon, you'll end by reading the same
+value as in the previous reading, causing the monotonic value to be
+incremented too often.
+
+Drivers should take the responsibility to avoid too often reads. That
+can be done using two approaches:
+
+if the driver have a bit that indicates when a collected data is ready
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+Driver should check such bit before making the statistics available.
+
+An example of such behavior can be found at this code snippet (adapted
+from mb86a20s driver's logic)::
+
+ static int foo_get_pre_ber(struct dvb_frontend *fe)
+ {
+ struct foo_state *state = fe->demodulator_priv;
+ struct dtv_frontend_properties *c = &fe->dtv_property_cache;
+ int rc, bit_error;
+
+ /* Check if the BER measures are already available */
+ rc = foo_read_u8(state, 0x54);
+ if (rc < 0)
+ return rc;
+
+ if (!rc)
+ return 0;
+
+ /* Read Bit Error Count */
+ bit_error = foo_read_u32(state, 0x55);
+ if (bit_error < 0)
+ return bit_error;
+
+ /* Read Total Bit Count */
+ rc = foo_read_u32(state, 0x51);
+ if (rc < 0)
+ return rc;
+
+ c->pre_bit_error.stat[0].scale = FE_SCALE_COUNTER;
+ c->pre_bit_error.stat[0].uvalue += bit_error;
+ c->pre_bit_count.stat[0].scale = FE_SCALE_COUNTER;
+ c->pre_bit_count.stat[0].uvalue += rc;
+
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+If the driver doesn't provide a statistics available check bit
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+A few devices, however, may not provide a way to check if the stats are
+available (or the way to check it is unknown). They may not even provide
+a way to directly read the total number of bits or blocks.
+
+On those devices, the driver need to ensure that it won't be reading from
+the register too often and/or estimate the total number of bits/blocks.
+
+On such drivers, a typical routine to get statistics would be like
+(adapted from dib8000 driver's logic)::
+
+ struct foo_state {
+ /* ... */
+
+ unsigned long per_jiffies_stats;
+ }
+
+ static int foo_get_pre_ber(struct dvb_frontend *fe)
+ {
+ struct foo_state *state = fe->demodulator_priv;
+ struct dtv_frontend_properties *c = &fe->dtv_property_cache;
+ int rc, bit_error;
+ u64 bits;
+
+ /* Check if time for stats was elapsed */
+ if (!time_after(jiffies, state->per_jiffies_stats))
+ return 0;
+
+ /* Next stat should be collected in 1000 ms */
+ state->per_jiffies_stats = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(1000);
+
+ /* Read Bit Error Count */
+ bit_error = foo_read_u32(state, 0x55);
+ if (bit_error < 0)
+ return bit_error;
+
+ /*
+ * On this particular frontend, there's no register that
+ * would provide the number of bits per 1000ms sample. So,
+ * some function would calculate it based on DTV properties
+ */
+ bits = get_number_of_bits_per_1000ms(fe);
+
+ c->pre_bit_error.stat[0].scale = FE_SCALE_COUNTER;
+ c->pre_bit_error.stat[0].uvalue += bit_error;
+ c->pre_bit_count.stat[0].scale = FE_SCALE_COUNTER;
+ c->pre_bit_count.stat[0].uvalue += bits;
+
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+Please notice that, on both cases, we're getting the statistics using the
+:c:type:`dvb_frontend_ops` ``.read_status`` callback. The rationale is that
+the frontend core will automatically call this function periodically
+(usually, 3 times per second, when the frontend is locked).
+
+That warrants that we won't miss to collect a counter and increment the
+monotonic stats at the right time.
+
+Digital TV Frontend functions and types
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/media/dvb-core/dvb_frontend.h
--
2.9.4
