Mauro: You can also directly pull this from: http://linuxtv.org/hg/~mcisely/bttv-patches/ Sorry about the excessively long commit description, but I felt it important to fully explain this somewhat subtle problem for what is otherwise a mature driver. The actual patch is tiny. -Mike # HG changeset patch # User Mike Isely <isely@xxxxxxxxx> # Date 1253545748 18000 # Node ID 760a8bc4028014493ccbbe85d0c9e8c91873fc23 # Parent 29e4ba1a09bcf9a03a653b2124929f5359fef772 bttv: Fix potential out-of-order field processing From: Mike Isely <isely@xxxxxxxxx> There is a subtle interaction in the bttv driver which can result in fields being repeatedly processed out of order. This is a problem specifically when running in V4L2_FIELD_ALTERNATE mode (probably the most common case). 1. The determination of which fields are associated with which buffers happens in videobuf, before the bttv driver gets a chance to queue the corresponding DMA. Thus by the point when the DMA is queued for a given buffer, the algorithm has to do the queuing based on the buffer's already assigned field type - not based on which field is "next" in the video stream. 2. The driver normally tries to queue both the top and bottom fields at the same time (see bttv_irq_next_video()). It tries to sort out top vs bottom by looking at the field type for the next 2 available buffers and assigning them appropriately. 3. However the bttv driver *always* actually processes the top field first. There's even an interrupt set aside for specifically recognizing when the top field has been processed so that it can be marked done even while the bottom field is still being DMAed. Given all of the above, if one gets into a situation where bttv_irq_next_video() gets entered when the first available buffer has been pre-associated as a bottom field, then the function is going to process the buffers out of order. That first available buffer will be put into the bottom field slot and the buffer after that will be put into the top field slot. Problem is, since the top field is always processed first by the driver, then that second buffer (the one after the first available buffer) will be the first one to be finished. Because of the strict fifo handling of all video buffers, then that top field won't be seen by the app until after the bottom field is also processed. Worse still, the app will get back the chronologically later bottom field first, *before* the top field is received. The buffer's timestamps will even be backwards. While not fatal to most TV apps, this behavior can subtlely degrade userspace deinterlacing (probably will cause jitter). That's probably why it has gone unnoticed. But it will also cause serious problems if the app in question discards all but the latest received buffer (a latency minimizing tactic) - causing one field to only ever be displayed since the other is now always late. Unfortunately once you get into this state, you're stuck this way - because having consumed two buffers, now the next time around the "first" available buffer will again be a bottom field and the same thing happens. How can we get into this state? In a perfect world, where there's always a few free buffers queued to the driver, it should be impossible. However if something disrupts streaming, e.g. if the userspace app can't queue free buffers fast enough for a moment due perhaps to a CPU scheduling glitch, then the driver can get momentarily starved and some number of fields will be dropped. That's OK. But if an odd number of fields get dropped, then that "first" available buffer might be the bottom field and now we're stuck... This patch fixes that problem by deliberately only setting up a single field for one frame if we don't get a top field as the first available buffer. By purposely skipping the other field, then we only handle a single buffer thus bringing things back into proper sync (i.e. top field first) for the next frame. To do this we just drop the few lines in bttv_irq_next_video() that attempt to set up the second buffer when that second buffer isn't for the bottom field. This is definitely a problem in when in V4L2_FIELD_ALTERNATE mode. In the other modes this change either has no effect or doesn't harm things any further anyway. Priority: high Signed-off-by: Mike Isely <isely@xxxxxxxxx> diff -r 29e4ba1a09bc -r 760a8bc40280 linux/drivers/media/video/bt8xx/bttv-driver.c --- a/linux/drivers/media/video/bt8xx/bttv-driver.c Sat Sep 19 09:45:22 2009 -0300 +++ b/linux/drivers/media/video/bt8xx/bttv-driver.c Mon Sep 21 10:09:08 2009 -0500 @@ -3828,11 +3828,34 @@ if (!V4L2_FIELD_HAS_BOTH(item->vb.field) && (item->vb.queue.next != &btv->capture)) { item = list_entry(item->vb.queue.next, struct bttv_buffer, vb.queue); + /* Mike Isely <isely@xxxxxxxxx> - Only check + * and set up the bottom field in the logic + * below. Don't ever do the top field. This + * of course means that if we set up the + * bottom field in the above code that we'll + * actually skip a field. But that's OK. + * Having processed only a single buffer this + * time, then the next time around the first + * available buffer should be for a top field. + * That will then cause us here to set up a + * top then a bottom field in the normal way. + * The alternative to this understanding is + * that we set up the second available buffer + * as a top field, but that's out of order + * since this driver always processes the top + * field first - the effect will be the two + * buffers being returned in the wrong order, + * with the second buffer also being delayed + * by one field time (owing to the fifo nature + * of videobuf). Worse still, we'll be stuck + * doing fields out of order now every time + * until something else causes a field to be + * dropped. By effectively forcing a field to + * drop this way then we always get back into + * sync within a single frame time. (Out of + * order fields can screw up deinterlacing + * algorithms.) */ if (!V4L2_FIELD_HAS_BOTH(item->vb.field)) { - if (NULL == set->top && - V4L2_FIELD_TOP == item->vb.field) { - set->top = item; - } if (NULL == set->bottom && V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM == item->vb.field) { set->bottom = item; -- Mike Isely isely @ isely (dot) net PGP: 03 54 43 4D 75 E5 CC 92 71 16 01 E2 B5 F5 C1 E8 -- To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-media" in the body of a message to majordomo@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
