The output is unchanged, except the font change for a punctuation
mark (ioctl_userfaultfd.2).
Signed-off-by: Bjarni Ingi Gislason <bjarniig@xxxxxxxxx>
---
man2/init_module.2 | 8 +++----
man2/inotify_init.2 | 4 ++--
man2/io_getevents.2 | 2 +-
man2/io_submit.2 | 4 ++--
man2/ioctl_console.2 | 4 ++--
man2/ioctl_fat.2 | 6 ++---
man2/ioctl_ficlonerange.2 | 18 +++++++-------
man2/ioctl_fideduperange.2 | 42 ++++++++++++++++-----------------
man2/ioctl_getfsmap.2 | 2 +-
man2/ioctl_iflags.2 | 10 ++++----
man2/ioctl_list.2 | 2 +-
man2/ioctl_ns.2 | 16 ++++++-------
man2/ioctl_tty.2 | 12 +++++-----
man2/ioctl_userfaultfd.2 | 48 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------
14 files changed, 89 insertions(+), 89 deletions(-)
diff --git a/man2/init_module.2 b/man2/init_module.2
index 4f13edf1f..a4d41318b 100644
--- a/man2/init_module.2
+++ b/man2/init_module.2
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ The caller was not privileged
capability),
or module loading is disabled
(see
-.IR /proc/sys/kernel/modules_disabled
+.I /proc/sys/kernel/modules_disabled
in
.BR proc (5)).
.PP
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ A module with this name is already loaded.
.B EINVAL
.I param_values
is invalid, or some part of the ELF image in
-.IR module_image
+.I module_image
contains inconsistencies.
.\" .TP
.\" .BR EINVAL " (Linux 2.4 and earlier)"
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ call it using
.BR syscall (2).
.PP
Information about currently loaded modules can be found in
-.IR /proc/modules
+.I /proc/modules
and in the file trees under the per-module subdirectories under
.IR /sys/module .
.PP
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ system call was rather different:
is available by calling
.BR query_module ();
the latter call fails with the error
-.BR ENOSYS
+.B ENOSYS
on Linux 2.6 and later.)
.PP
The older version of the system call
diff --git a/man2/inotify_init.2 b/man2/inotify_init.2
index 6ad994b93..62ec3282d 100644
--- a/man2/inotify_init.2
+++ b/man2/inotify_init.2
@@ -51,12 +51,12 @@ is 0, then
is the same as
.BR inotify_init ().
The following values can be bitwise ORed in
-.IR flags
+.I flags
to obtain different behavior:
.TP 12
.B IN_NONBLOCK
Set the
-.BR O_NONBLOCK
+.B O_NONBLOCK
file status flag on the open file description (see
.BR open (2))
referred to by the new file descriptor.
diff --git a/man2/io_getevents.2 b/man2/io_getevents.2
index 7a3e72094..54d4d18ba 100644
--- a/man2/io_getevents.2
+++ b/man2/io_getevents.2
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ indicating an error: \-1, with
set to a (positive) value that indicates the error.
.SH BUGS
An invalid
-.IR ctx_id
+.I ctx_id
may cause a segmentation fault instead of generating the error
.BR EINVAL .
.SH SEE ALSO
diff --git a/man2/io_submit.2 b/man2/io_submit.2
index c15db3f41..f0be7a0be 100644
--- a/man2/io_submit.2
+++ b/man2/io_submit.2
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ which will be submitted to context \fIctx_id\fP.
The
.I iocb
(I/O control block) structure defined in
-.IR linux/aio_abi.h
+.I linux/aio_abi.h
defines the parameters that control the I/O operation.
.PP
.in +4n
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ structure.
The valid values are:
.RS
.TP
-.BR IOCB_FLAG_RESFD
+.B IOCB_FLAG_RESFD
Asynchronous I/O control must signal the file
descriptor mentioned in
.I aio_resfd
diff --git a/man2/ioctl_console.2 b/man2/ioctl_console.2
index 4cac0bac2..af4b59d79 100644
--- a/man2/ioctl_console.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_console.2
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ selects the key table (0 <=
.I kb_table
< MAX_NR_KEYMAPS),
and
-.IR kb_index
+.I kb_index
is the keycode (0 <=
.I kb_index
< NR_KEYS).
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ Release a display.
.TP
.B VT_ACTIVATE
Switch to vt
-.IR argp
+.I argp
(1 <=
.I argp
<= MAX_NR_CONSOLES).
diff --git a/man2/ioctl_fat.2 b/man2/ioctl_fat.2
index e1970b2ad..5f62acef1 100644
--- a/man2/ioctl_fat.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_fat.2
@@ -225,14 +225,14 @@ does not refer to an object in a FAT filesystem.
For further error values, see
.BR ioctl (2).
.SH VERSIONS
-.BR VFAT_IOCTL_READDIR_BOTH
+.B VFAT_IOCTL_READDIR_BOTH
and
.B VFAT_IOCTL_READDIR_SHORT
first appeared in Linux 2.0.
.PP
-.BR FAT_IOCTL_GET_ATTRIBUTES
+.B FAT_IOCTL_GET_ATTRIBUTES
and
-.BR FAT_IOCTL_SET_ATTRIBUTES
+.B FAT_IOCTL_SET_ATTRIBUTES
first appeared
.\" just before we got Git history
in Linux 2.6.12.
diff --git a/man2/ioctl_ficlonerange.2 b/man2/ioctl_ficlonerange.2
index d6db1bed4..3fde48fcf 100644
--- a/man2/ioctl_ficlonerange.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_ficlonerange.2
@@ -49,18 +49,18 @@ written.
This behavior is commonly referred to as "copy on write".
.PP
This ioctl reflinks up to
-.IR src_length
+.I src_length
bytes from file descriptor
-.IR src_fd
+.I src_fd
at offset
-.IR src_offset
+.I src_offset
into the file
-.IR dest_fd
+.I dest_fd
at offset
.IR dest_offset ",
provided that both are files.
If
-.IR src_length
+.I src_length
is zero, the ioctl reflinks to the end of the source file.
This information is conveyed in a structure of
the following form:
@@ -91,12 +91,12 @@ is set to indicate the error.
Error codes can be one of, but are not limited to, the following:
.TP
.B EBADF
-.IR src_fd
+.I src_fd
is not open for reading;
-.IR dest_fd
+.I dest_fd
is not open for writing or is open for append-only writes;
or the filesystem which
-.IR src_fd
+.I src_fd
resides on does not support reflink.
.TP
.B EINVAL
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ This can appear if the filesystem does not support reflinking either file
descriptor, or if either file descriptor refers to special inodes.
.TP
.B EPERM
-.IR dest_fd
+.I dest_fd
is immutable.
.TP
.B ETXTBSY
diff --git a/man2/ioctl_fideduperange.2 b/man2/ioctl_fideduperange.2
index 84d20a276..20539f89d 100644
--- a/man2/ioctl_fideduperange.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_fideduperange.2
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@ being written.
This behavior is commonly referred to as "copy on write".
.PP
This ioctl performs the "compare and share if identical" operation on up to
-.IR src_length
+.I src_length
bytes from file descriptor
-.IR src_fd
+.I src_fd
at offset
.IR src_offset ".
This information is conveyed in a structure of the following form:
@@ -95,48 +95,48 @@ struct file_dedupe_range_info {
.in
.PP
Each deduplication operation targets
-.IR src_length
+.I src_length
bytes in file descriptor
-.IR dest_fd
+.I dest_fd
at offset
.IR dest_offset ".
The field
-.IR reserved
+.I reserved
must be zero.
During the call,
-.IR src_fd
+.I src_fd
must be open for reading and
-.IR dest_fd
+.I dest_fd
must be open for writing.
The combined size of the struct
-.IR file_dedupe_range
+.I file_dedupe_range
and the struct
-.IR file_dedupe_range_info
+.I file_dedupe_range_info
array must not exceed the system page size.
The maximum size of
-.IR src_length
+.I src_length
is filesystem dependent and is typically 16\ MiB.
This limit will be enforced silently by the filesystem.
By convention, the storage used by
-.IR src_fd
+.I src_fd
is mapped into
-.IR dest_fd
+.I dest_fd
and the previous contents in
-.IR dest_fd
+.I dest_fd
are freed.
.PP
Upon successful completion of this ioctl, the number of bytes successfully
deduplicated is returned in
-.IR bytes_deduped
+.I bytes_deduped
and a status code for the deduplication operation is returned in
.IR status ".
If even a single byte in the range does not match, the deduplication
request will be ignored and
-.IR status
+.I status
set to
.BR FILE_DEDUPE_RANGE_DIFFERS .
The
-.IR status
+.I status
code is set to
.B FILE_DEDUPE_RANGE_SAME
for success, a negative error code in case of error, or
@@ -154,17 +154,17 @@ Error codes can be one of, but are not limited to, the following:
.B ENOMEM
The kernel was unable to allocate sufficient memory to perform the
operation or
-.IR dest_count
+.I dest_count
is so large that the input argument description spans more than a single
page of memory.
.TP
.B EBADF
-.IR src_fd
+.I src_fd
is not open for reading;
-.IR dest_fd
+.I dest_fd
is not open for writing or is open for append-only writes; or the filesystem
which
-.IR src_fd
+.I src_fd
resides on does not support deduplication.
.TP
.B EINVAL
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ This can appear if the filesystem does not support deduplicating either file
descriptor, or if either file descriptor refers to special inodes.
.TP
.B EPERM
-.IR dest_fd
+.I dest_fd
is immutable.
.TP
.B ETXTBSY
diff --git a/man2/ioctl_getfsmap.2 b/man2/ioctl_getfsmap.2
index 6892946c5..1fb70874c 100644
--- a/man2/ioctl_getfsmap.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_getfsmap.2
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ The error placed in
can be one of, but is not limited to, the following:
.TP
.B EBADF
-.IR fd
+.I fd
is not open for reading.
.TP
.B EBADMSG
diff --git a/man2/ioctl_iflags.2 b/man2/ioctl_iflags.2
index 9c77b08b9..871e6317e 100644
--- a/man2/ioctl_iflags.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_iflags.2
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ This can provide I/O performance benefits for applications that do not care
about the accuracy of this timestamp.
This flag provides functionality similar to the
.BR mount (2)
-.BR MS_NOATIME
+.B MS_NOATIME
flag, but on a per-file basis.
.\" .TP
.\" .BR FS_NOCOMP_FL " \(aq\(aq"
@@ -161,10 +161,10 @@ is surprisingly difficult.
Make file updates synchronous.
For files, this makes all writes synchronous
(as though all opens of the file were with the
-.BR O_SYNC
+.B O_SYNC
flag).
For directories, this has the same effect as the
-.BR FS_DIRSYNC_FL
+.B FS_DIRSYNC_FL
flag.
.TP
.BR FS_TOPDIR_FL " \(aqT\(aq"
@@ -194,11 +194,11 @@ which is inherited only by subdirectories.
Inode flags are a nonstandard Linux extension.
.SH NOTES
In order to change the inode flags of a file using the
-.BR FS_IOC_SETFLAGS
+.B FS_IOC_SETFLAGS
operation,
the effective user ID of the caller must match the owner of the file,
or the caller must have the
-.BR CAP_FOWNER
+.B CAP_FOWNER
capability.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR chattr (1),
diff --git a/man2/ioctl_list.2 b/man2/ioctl_list.2
index 6683d0319..8729d2ee8 100644
--- a/man2/ioctl_list.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_list.2
@@ -1010,7 +1010,7 @@ means
after an N-byte pad.
.I struct selection
is implicitly defined in
-.IR drivers/char/selection.c
+.I drivers/char/selection.c
.PP
.nf
TIOCLINUX-2 1 + const struct selection *
diff --git a/man2/ioctl_ns.2 b/man2/ioctl_ns.2
index 52fa4614f..cd7316ee6 100644
--- a/man2/ioctl_ns.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_ns.2
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ new_fd = ioctl(fd, request);
In each case,
.I fd
refers to a
-.IR /proc/[pid]/ns/*
+.I /proc/[pid]/ns/*
file.
Both operations return a new file descriptor on success.
.TP
@@ -66,14 +66,14 @@ the namespace referred to by
This operation is valid only for hierarchical namespaces
(i.e., PID and user namespaces).
For user namespaces,
-.BR NS_GET_PARENT
+.B NS_GET_PARENT
is synonymous with
.BR NS_GET_USERNS .
.PP
The new file descriptor returned by these operations is opened with the
-.BR O_RDONLY
+.B O_RDONLY
and
-.BR O_CLOEXEC
+.B O_CLOEXEC
(close-on-exec; see
.BR fcntl (2))
flags.
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ structure whose
.I st_ino
(inode number) fields together identify the owning/parent namespace.
This inode number can be matched with the inode number of another
-.IR /proc/[pid]/ns/{pid,user}
+.I /proc/[pid]/ns/{pid,user}
file to determine whether that is the owning/parent namespace.
.PP
Either of these
@@ -132,11 +132,11 @@ nstype = ioctl(fd, NS_GET_NSTYPE);
.PP
.I fd
refers to a
-.IR /proc/[pid]/ns/*
+.I /proc/[pid]/ns/*
file.
.PP
The return value is one of the
-.BR CLONE_NEW*
+.B CLONE_NEW*
values that can be specified to
.BR clone (2)
or
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ ioctl(fd, NS_GET_OWNER_UID, &uid);
.PP
.I fd
refers to a
-.IR /proc/[pid]/ns/user
+.I /proc/[pid]/ns/user
file.
.PP
The owner user ID is returned in the
diff --git a/man2/ioctl_tty.2 b/man2/ioctl_tty.2
index 63cc14540..b98f681c3 100644
--- a/man2/ioctl_tty.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_tty.2
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ Sets the locking status of the
.I termios
structure of the terminal.
Only a process with the
-.BR CAP_SYS_ADMIN
+.B CAP_SYS_ADMIN
capability can do this.
.SS Get and set window size
Window sizes are kept in the kernel, but not used by the kernel
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ If that was a pseudoterminal master, send it to the slave.
In Linux before version 2.6.10,
anybody can do this as long as the output was not redirected yet;
since version 2.6.10, only a process with the
-.BR CAP_SYS_ADMIN
+.B CAP_SYS_ADMIN
capability may do this.
If output was redirected already
.B EBUSY
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ If this terminal is already the controlling terminal
of a different session group, then the ioctl fails with
.BR EPERM ,
unless the caller has the
-.BR CAP_SYS_ADMIN
+.B CAP_SYS_ADMIN
capability and
.I arg
equals 1, in which case the terminal is stolen, and all processes that had
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ operations on the terminal are permitted.
(They fail with
.BR EBUSY ,
except for a process with the
-.BR CAP_SYS_ADMIN
+.B CAP_SYS_ADMIN
capability.)
.TP
.BI "TIOCGEXCL int *" argp
@@ -368,9 +368,9 @@ Return the current packet mode setting in the integer pointed to by
.TP
.BI "TIOCSPTLCK int *" argp
Set (if
-.IR *argp
+.I *argp
is nonzero) or remove (if
-.IR *argp
+.I *argp
is zero) the pseudoterminal slave device.
(See also
.BR unlockpt (3).)
diff --git a/man2/ioctl_userfaultfd.2 b/man2/ioctl_userfaultfd.2
index 922b298ec..6df01eb54 100644
--- a/man2/ioctl_userfaultfd.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_userfaultfd.2
@@ -60,17 +60,17 @@ The various
.BR ioctl (2)
operations are described below.
The
-.BR UFFDIO_API,
+.BR UFFDIO_API ,
.BR UFFDIO_REGISTER ,
and
-.BR UFFDIO_UNREGISTER
+.B UFFDIO_UNREGISTER
operations are used to
.I configure
userfaultfd behavior.
These operations allow the caller to choose what features will be enabled and
what kinds of events will be delivered to the application.
The remaining operations are
-.IR range
+.I range
operations.
These operations enable the calling application to resolve page-fault
events.
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ Enable operation of the userfaultfd and perform API handshake.
The
.I argp
argument is a pointer to a
-.IR uffdio_api
+.I uffdio_api
structure, defined as:
.PP
.in +4n
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ accessible address space.
.TP
.B EINVAL
The userfaultfd has already been enabled by a previous
-.BR UFFDIO_API
+.B UFFDIO_API
operation.
.TP
.B EINVAL
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ The pages in the range must be "compatible" (see the description of
.BR UFFDIO_REGISTER .)
.PP
The address range to unregister is specified in the
-.IR uffdio_range
+.I uffdio_range
structure pointed to by
.IR argp .
.PP
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ struct uffdio_copy {
.in
.PP
The following value may be bitwise ORed in
-.IR mode
+.I mode
to change the behavior of the
.B UFFDIO_COPY
operation:
@@ -483,18 +483,18 @@ Either
or
.I len
was not a multiple of the system page size, or the range specified by
-.IR src
+.I src
and
-.IR len
+.I len
or
-.IR dst
+.I dst
and
-.IR len
+.I len
was invalid.
.TP
.B EINVAL
An invalid bit was specified in the
-.IR mode
+.I mode
field.
.TP
.BR ENOENT " (since Linux 4.11)"
@@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ struct uffdio_zeropage {
.in
.PP
The following value may be bitwise ORed in
-.IR mode
+.I mode
to change the behavior of the
.B UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE
operation:
@@ -592,7 +592,7 @@ was zero; or the range specified was invalid.
.TP
.B EINVAL
An invalid bit was specified in the
-.IR mode
+.I mode
field.
.TP
.BR ESRCH " (since Linux 4.13)"
@@ -608,20 +608,20 @@ a specified memory address range.
The
.B UFFDIO_WAKE
operation is used in conjunction with
-.BR UFFDIO_COPY
+.B UFFDIO_COPY
and
-.BR UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE
+.B UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE
operations that have the
-.BR UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_DONTWAKE
+.B UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_DONTWAKE
or
-.BR UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE_MODE_DONTWAKE
+.B UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE_MODE_DONTWAKE
bit set in the
.I mode
field.
The userfault monitor can perform several
-.BR UFFDIO_COPY
+.B UFFDIO_COPY
and
-.BR UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE
+.B UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE
operations in a batch and then explicitly wake up the faulting thread using
.BR UFFDIO_WAKE .
.PP
@@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ does not point to a valid memory address.
(For all operations except
.BR UFFDIO_API .)
The userfaultfd object has not yet been enabled (via the
-.BR UFFDIO_API
+.B UFFDIO_API
operation).
.SH CONFORMING TO
These
@@ -674,10 +674,10 @@ operations are Linux-specific.
In order to detect available userfault features and
enable some subset of those features
the userfaultfd file descriptor must be closed after the first
-.BR UFFDIO_API
+.B UFFDIO_API
operation that queries features availability and reopened before
the second
-.BR UFFDIO_API
+.B UFFDIO_API
operation that actually enables the desired features.
.SH EXAMPLE
See
@@ -687,5 +687,5 @@ See
.BR mmap (2),
.BR userfaultfd (2)
.PP
-.IR Documentation/admin-guide/mm/userfaultfd.rst
+.I Documentation/admin-guide/mm/userfaultfd.rst
in the Linux kernel source tree
--
2.20.1
--
Bjarni I. Gislason
