All definitions of the Epoch have been refactored to the following:
1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC)
That form is more consistent, logical, precise, and internationally
recognizable than the other variants.
Also, some wording has been altered as well.
Signed-off-by: Michael Witten <mfwitten@xxxxxxxxx>
---
man2/stime.2 | 4 ++--
man2/time.2 | 4 ++--
man2/utimensat.2 | 6 +++---
man3/ctime.3 | 3 +--
man3/difftime.3 | 6 +++---
man3/ftime.3 | 4 ++--
man3/getspnam.3 | 4 ++--
man3/mq_receive.3 | 2 +-
man3/mq_send.3 | 2 +-
man3/rtime.3 | 4 ++--
man3/sem_wait.3 | 2 +-
man3/strftime.3 | 3 +--
man3/strptime.3 | 3 +--
man3/timeradd.3 | 3 +--
man4/rtc.4 | 2 +-
man5/core.5 | 2 +-
man5/proc.5 | 2 +-
man7/icmp.7 | 2 +-
man7/time.7 | 2 +-
19 files changed, 28 insertions(+), 32 deletions(-)
diff --git a/man2/stime.2 b/man2/stime.2
index 530d223..534e297 100644
--- a/man2/stime.2
+++ b/man2/stime.2
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ _SVID_SOURCE
.SH DESCRIPTION
.BR stime ()
sets the system's idea of the time and date.
-Time, pointed
-to by \fIt\fP, is measured in seconds from 00:00:00 UTC January 1, 1970.
+The time, pointed
+to by \fIt\fP, is measured in seconds since the Epoch, 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC).
.BR stime ()
may only be executed by the superuser.
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
diff --git a/man2/time.2 b/man2/time.2
index 5fae9d9..c4b7679 100644
--- a/man2/time.2
+++ b/man2/time.2
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ time \- get time in seconds
.BI "time_t time(time_t *" t );
.SH DESCRIPTION
.BR time ()
-returns the time since the Epoch
-(00:00:00 UTC, January 1, 1970), measured in seconds.
+returns the time as the number of seconds since the Epoch,
+1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC).
If
.I t
diff --git a/man2/utimensat.2 b/man2/utimensat.2
index a87e66e..76725b2 100644
--- a/man2/utimensat.2
+++ b/man2/utimensat.2
@@ -78,9 +78,9 @@ specifies the new "last access time" (\fIatime\fP);
specifies the new "last modification time" (\fImtime\fP).
Each of the elements of
.I times
-specifies a time in seconds and nanoseconds
-since the Epoch (00:00:00, 1 Jan 1970, UTC),
-in a structure of the following form:
+specifies a time as the the number of seconds and nanoseconds
+since the Epoch, 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC).
+This information is conveyed in a structure of the following form:
.in +4n
.nf
diff --git a/man3/ctime.3 b/man3/ctime.3
index 75e2f76..132c364 100644
--- a/man3/ctime.3
+++ b/man3/ctime.3
@@ -78,8 +78,7 @@ and
functions all take
an argument of data type \fItime_t\fP which represents calendar time.
When interpreted as an absolute time value, it represents the number of
-seconds elapsed since 00:00:00 on January 1, 1970, Coordinated Universal
-Time (UTC).
+seconds elapsed since the Epoch, 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC).
.PP
The
.BR asctime ()
diff --git a/man3/difftime.3 b/man3/difftime.3
index 5567751..79887b1 100644
--- a/man3/difftime.3
+++ b/man3/difftime.3
@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ The
function returns the number of seconds elapsed
between time \fItime1\fP and time \fItime0\fP, represented as a
.IR double .
-The two times are specified in calendar time, which represents the time
-elapsed since the Epoch
-(00:00:00 on January 1, 1970, Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)).
+Each of the times is specified in calendar time, which means its
+value is a measurement (in seconds) relative to the Epoch,
+1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC).
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
SVr4, 4.3BSD, C89, C99.
.SH NOTES
diff --git a/man3/ftime.3 b/man3/ftime.3
index ce01574..2304b9a 100644
--- a/man3/ftime.3
+++ b/man3/ftime.3
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ ftime \- return date and time
.sp
.BI "int ftime(struct timeb *" tp );
.SH DESCRIPTION
-This function returns the current time, in seconds and milliseconds
-since the Epoch (00:00:00 UTC, 1 January 1970).
+This function returns the current time as seconds and milliseconds
+since the Epoch, 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC).
The time is returned in
.IR tp ,
which is declared as follows:
diff --git a/man3/getspnam.3 b/man3/getspnam.3
index fdfc1fb..d4ca057 100644
--- a/man3/getspnam.3
+++ b/man3/getspnam.3
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ struct spwd {
char *sp_namp; /* Login name */
char *sp_pwdp; /* Encrypted password */
long sp_lstchg; /* Date of last change (measured
- in days since 1 Jan 1970) */
+ in days since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC)) */
long sp_min; /* Min # of days between changes */
long sp_max; /* Max # of days between changes */
long sp_warn; /* # of days before password expires
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ struct spwd {
long sp_inact; /* # of days after password expires
until account is disabled */
long sp_expire; /* Date when account expires (measured
- in days since 1 Jan 1970) */
+ in days since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC)) */
unsigned long sp_flag; /* Reserved */
};
.fi
diff --git a/man3/mq_receive.3 b/man3/mq_receive.3
index 32343a0..9a55812 100644
--- a/man3/mq_receive.3
+++ b/man3/mq_receive.3
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ flag is not enabled for the message queue description, then
points to a structure which specifies a ceiling on the time for which
the call will block.
This ceiling is an absolute timeout in seconds and nanoseconds
-since the Epoch (midnight on the morning of 1 January 1970),
+since the Epoch, 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC), and it is
specified in the following structure:
.sp
.in +4n
diff --git a/man3/mq_send.3 b/man3/mq_send.3
index 3271d88..52eda2a 100644
--- a/man3/mq_send.3
+++ b/man3/mq_send.3
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ flag is not enabled for the message queue description, then
points to a structure which specifies a ceiling on the time for which
the call will block.
This ceiling is an absolute timeout in seconds and nanoseconds
-since the Epoch (midnight on the morning of 1 January 1970),
+since the Epoch, 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC), and it is
specified in the following structure:
.sp
.in +4n
diff --git a/man3/rtime.3 b/man3/rtime.3
index 24be759..cd84f44 100644
--- a/man3/rtime.3
+++ b/man3/rtime.3
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ RFC\ 868 to obtain the time from a remote machine.
The Time Server Protocol gives the time in seconds since
00:00:00 UTC, 1 Jan 1900,
and this function subtracts the appropriate constant in order to
-convert the result to seconds since
-00:00:00 UTC, 1 Jan 1970, the Unix Epoch.
+convert the result to seconds since the Epoch,
+1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC).
.LP
When
.I timeout
diff --git a/man3/sem_wait.3 b/man3/sem_wait.3
index 526f57d..062e436 100644
--- a/man3/sem_wait.3
+++ b/man3/sem_wait.3
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ should block if the decrement cannot be immediately performed.
The
.I abs_timeout
argument points to a structure that specifies an absolute timeout
-in seconds and nanoseconds since the Epoch (00:00:00, 1 January 1970).
+in seconds and nanoseconds since the Epoch, 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC).
This structure is defined as follows:
.nf
diff --git a/man3/strftime.3 b/man3/strftime.3
index ee7b097..89b3a32 100644
--- a/man3/strftime.3
+++ b/man3/strftime.3
@@ -187,8 +187,7 @@ For a version including the seconds, see
below.
.TP
.B %s
-The number of seconds since the Epoch, that is, since 1970-01-01
-00:00:00 UTC. (TZ)
+The number of seconds since the Epoch, 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC). (TZ)
.TP
.B %S
The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 60).
diff --git a/man3/strptime.3 b/man3/strptime.3
index aaba1d1..37b5fcb 100644
--- a/man3/strptime.3
+++ b/man3/strptime.3
@@ -374,8 +374,7 @@ is accepted as a synonym for
Finally
.TP
.B %s
-The number of seconds since the Epoch,
-that is, since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
+The number of seconds since the Epoch, 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC).
Leap seconds are not counted unless leap second support is available.
.LP
The glibc implementation does not require whitespace between
diff --git a/man3/timeradd.3 b/man3/timeradd.3
index 869b9e7..67a7fb5 100644
--- a/man3/timeradd.3
+++ b/man3/timeradd.3
@@ -96,8 +96,7 @@ zeros out the
.I timeval
structure pointed to by
.IR tvp ,
-so that it represents the time at midnight
-on the morning of 1 January 1970 (the Epoch).
+so that it represents the Epoch: 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC).
.BR timerisset ()
returns true (non-zero) if either field of the
diff --git a/man4/rtc.4 b/man4/rtc.4
index c4578b3..77ba983 100644
--- a/man4/rtc.4
+++ b/man4/rtc.4
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ and
.BR time (2),
as well as setting timestamps on files, etc.
The system clock reports seconds and microseconds since a start point,
-defined to be the POSIX Epoch: Jan 1, 1970, 0:00 UTC.
+defined to be the POSIX Epoch: 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC).
(One common implementation counts timer interrupts, once
per "jiffy", at a frequency of 100, 250, or 1000 Hz.)
That is, it is supposed to report wall clock time, which RTCs also do.
diff --git a/man5/core.5 b/man5/core.5
index 886e88a..2d417f0 100644
--- a/man5/core.5
+++ b/man5/core.5
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ PID of dumped process
number of signal causing dump
.TP
%t
-time of dump, expressed as seconds since the Epoch (00:00h, 1\ Jan 1970, UTC)
+time of dump, expressed as seconds since the Epoch, 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC)
.TP
%h
hostname (same as \fInodename\fP returned by \fBuname\fP(2))
diff --git a/man5/proc.5 b/man5/proc.5
index 3da30af..a9b24ff 100644
--- a/man5/proc.5
+++ b/man5/proc.5
@@ -1683,7 +1683,7 @@ each subsequent column is the total for a particular interrupt.
The number of context switches that the system underwent.
.TP
\fIbtime 769041601\fP
-boot time, in seconds since the Epoch (January 1, 1970).
+boot time, in seconds since the Epoch, 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC).
.TP
\fIprocesses 86031\fP
Number of forks since boot.
diff --git a/man7/icmp.7 b/man7/icmp.7
index c5b676a..e777023 100644
--- a/man7/icmp.7
+++ b/man7/icmp.7
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ routing table and the redirect routes are expired after some time.
.PP
The 64-bit timestamp returned by
.B ICMP_TIMESTAMP
-is in milliseconds since January 1, 1970.
+is in milliseconds since the Epoch, 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC).
.PP
Linux ICMP internally uses a raw socket to send ICMPs.
This raw socket may appear in
diff --git a/man7/time.7 b/man7/time.7
index 69c08cd..7c22da0 100644
--- a/man7/time.7
+++ b/man7/time.7
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ HRTs are not supported on all hardware architectures.
.SS "The Epoch"
Unix systems represent time in seconds since the
.IR Epoch ,
-which is defined as 0:00:00 UTC on the morning of 1 January 1970.
+1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC).
A program can determine the
.I "calendar time"
--
1.6.6.102.gd6f8f
--
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