On Sat, Oct 12, 2024 at 11:23:07AM +0800, Zhangfei Gao wrote: > > diff --git a/drivers/iommu/iommufd/viommu_api.c b/drivers/iommu/iommufd/viommu_api.c > > new file mode 100644 > > index 000000000000..c1731f080d6b > > --- /dev/null > > +++ b/drivers/iommu/iommufd/viommu_api.c > > @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ > > +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only > > +/* Copyright (c) 2024, NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES > > + */ > > + > > +#include "iommufd_private.h" > > + > > +struct iommufd_object *iommufd_object_alloc_elm(struct iommufd_ctx *ictx, > > + size_t size, > > + enum iommufd_object_type type) > > +{ > > + struct iommufd_object *obj; > > + int rc; > > + > > + obj = kzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT); > > + if (!obj) > > + return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); > > + obj->type = type; > > + /* Starts out bias'd by 1 until it is removed from the xarray */ > > + refcount_set(&obj->shortterm_users, 1); > > + refcount_set(&obj->users, 1); > > here set refcont 1 > > iommufd_device_bind -> iommufd_object_alloc(ictx, idev, > IOMMUFD_OBJ_DEVICE): refcont -> 1 > refcount_inc(&idev->obj.users); refcount -> 2 > will cause iommufd_device_unbind fail. > > May remove refcount_inc(&idev->obj.users) in iommufd_device_bind Hmm, why would it fail? Or is it failing on your system? This patch doesn't change the function but only moved it.. Thanks Nicolin